COOPER    ORNITHOLOGICAL    CLUB 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 
NUMBER   1O 


A    DISTRIBUTIONAL    LIST    OF    THE 
BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA 


BY 


HARRY  S.  SWARTH 


CONTRIBUTION  FROM  THE  MUSEUM  OF  VERTEBRATE  ZOOLOGY 
OF  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 


HOLLYWOOD,    CALIFORNIA 

PUBLISHED  BY  THE  CLUB 

May  25,  1914 


GIFT  Of 

PROFESSOR  GRI1TTTELL 


COOPER    ORNITHOLOGICAL    CLUB 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 
NUMBER    10 


A    DISTRIBUTIONAL    LIST    OF    THE 
BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA 


BY 


HARRY  S.  SWARTH 


CONTRIBUTION  FROM  THE  MUSEUM  OF  VERTEBRATE  ZOOLOGY 
OF  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 


) 


HOLLYWOOD,    CALIFORNIA 

PUBLISHED  BY  THE  CLUB 

May  25,  1914 


'•"*...  •  Edited/by  :.*;  :    : 


and  " 

HARRY    S.    SWARTH 

at  the 

Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zoology 
University  of  California 


GIFT  OF 


LIBRARY 


A- 4  S7 

BIOLOGY 

LIBRARY 

G 


NOTE 

PACIFIC  COAST  AVIFAUNA  No.  10  is  the  tenth  in  a  series  of  publications  is- 
sued by  the  Cooper  Ornithological  Club  for  the  accommodation  of  papers  whose 
length  prohibits  their  appearance  in  THE  CONDOR. 

The  publications  of  the  Cooper  Ornithological  Club  consist  of  two  series — 
THE  CONDOR,  which  is  the  bi-monthly  official  organ,  and  the  PACIFIC  COAST  AVI- 
FAUNA. 

For  information  as  to  either  of  the  above  series,  address  one  of  the  Club  Busi- 
ness Managers,  J.  Eugene  Law,  Hollywood,  California,  or  W.  Lee  Chambers, 
Eagle  Rock,  California. 


933906 


CONTENTS 

Introduction. 5 

Acknowledgments 7 

Distributional  List  of  the  Birds  of  Arizona 9 

Hypothetical  List 81 

An  Analysis  of  the  Avifauna  of  Arizona 85 

Map  of  Life  Zones facing'  91 

Bibliography 94 

Index. .  i 20 


1914 


INTRODUCTION 

The  beginning  of  this  list  of  the  birds  of  Arizona  dates  back  about  eleven 
years,  to  a  time  when  the  author  was  engaged  in  field  work  in  that  state.  A  hasty 
compilation  was  made  of  a  few  local  lists,  and  the  manuscript  carried  in  the  field 
as  a  guide  and  aid  in  making  observations  and  collections.  This  beginning  proved 
an  incentive  to  the  gathering  of  further  data,  and  shortly  after,  the  opportunity 
presenting  itself  for  visiting  more  extensive  libraries  than  had  hitherto  been 
available,  a  careful  and  systematic  search  was  made  through  the  literature  deal- 
ing with  the  ornithology  of  Arizona.  The  resulting  information  was  filed  away 
and  added  to  as  chance  offered,  but  more  pressing  work  and  other  interests  inter- 
fered to  prevent  the  whole  from  being  put  into  shape  for  publication.  Further- 
more it  soon  became  evident  that  while  a  fairly  long  list  of  species  could  be  com- 
piled as  occurring  within  the  state,  the  published  information  concerning  a  large 
proportion  of  them  was  scanty  and  fragmentary.  The  writer  had  hoped  to  be  in 
a  position  to  continue  field  work  in  certain  little  known  sections  of  the  state,  where 
undoubtedly  there  is  much  to  be  added  to  our  knowledge  of  the  birds,  but  this 
contingency  became  more  and  more  improbable,  and  under  the  circumstances  it 
seemed  advisable  to  publish  the  list  as  it  now  stands. 

It  is  hoped  that  as  far  as  it  goes  this  list  will  be  found  to  be  fairly  accurate. 
Pertinent  literature  has  been  gone  over  with  care,  and  it  is  doubtful  if  any  im- 
portant publication  has  been  overlooked.  At  the  same  time  it  can  hardly  be 
doubted  but  that  there  are  in  collections  specimens  whose  existence  will  modify 
many  of  the  statements  made  here,  and  it  is  also  highly  probable  that  there  are 
active  collectors  who  have  many  unpublished  records  in  their  notes  which  would 
also  occasion  changes.  Available  collections  and  collectors'  notes,  however,  have 
been  made  use  of  wherever  possible. 

The  aim  of  the  present  publication  is  to  give  a  list  of  the  species  of  birds  oc- 
curring in  Arizona,  with  a  synonymy  of  the  names  applied,  as  regards  their  oc- 
currence within  the  state,  and  a  brief  but  comprehensive  outline  of  the  manner 
of  occurrence.  The  latter,  it  is  hoped,  is  in  each  case  as  clear  and  accurate  as  the 
present  state  of  our  knowledge  permits.  An  effort  has  been  made  to  give  a  gen- 
eral statement  outlining  the  range  and  manner  of  occurrence,  supplemented  by 
the  citation  of  authorities  for  extreme  or  unusual  instances.  Exact  dates  have 
been  given  only  for  the  rarest  species,  those  of  which  but  a  few  specimens  have 
been  recorded.  The  synonymy  consists  of  those  names  by  which  the  species  has 
been  known  in  literature  pertaining  to  Arizona  ornithology. 

Thus  the  general  manner  of  treatment  is  closely  similar  to  that  followed  by 
Grinnell  in  his  Check-List  of  California  Birds*  the  main  difference  lying  in  the 
greater  elaboration  of  detail  in  the  outlining  of  ranges,  and  the  numerous  cita- 
tions of  authorities,  in  the  present  publication. 

The  order,  and  in  general  the  nomenclature,  of  the  American  Ornithologists' 
Union  Check-List,  has  been  followed.  Where  there  is  disagreement  from  this 

*    Grinnell,  J.,  Check-I.ist  of  California  Birds.     Pacific  Coast  Avifauna,  no.  3.  1902,  pp.  1-92,  2  pis. 


6  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

standard  it  is  usually  in  cases  where  the  author's  personal  experience  leads  him  to 
a  different  view;  but  there  are  one  or  two  instances  (such  as  with  the  group  of 
Jnncos)  where  the  conclusions  of  some  specialist,  at  variance  with  the  Check-List, 
are  so  closely  in  accord  with  observations  of  the  author's  ( in  themselves  perhaps 
insufficient  to  warrant  outspoken  disagreement),  that  this  worker's  treatment  of 
the  group  is  accepted  in  its  entirety. 

The  expedition  conducted  by  the  California  Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zoology 
down  the  Colorado  River  from  Needles  to  Yuma  in  the  early  spring  of  1910, 
furnished  much  valuable  information  in  regard  to  the  manner  of  occurrence  of 
many  species  of  birds.  An  apparent  inconsistency  may  be  noticed  in  the  citations 
of  certain  of  these  records,  inasmuch  as  some  of  them  pertaining  to  occurrences 
on  the  California  side  of  the  river  have  been  quoted.  Where  this  is  done,  hoy/ever, 
it  is  in  the  case  of  species  which  are  known  to  occur  in  Arizona,  but  where  there 
is  lack  of  data  defining  their  status  in  this  valley.  In  such  a  case,  the  record, 
though  strictly  speaking  not  pertaining  to  Arizona,  has  a  very  definite  value  in 
defining  the  status  of  an  Arizona  bird,  and  its  use  seems  to  be  justified. 

The  appended  bibliography  contains  the  titles  of  such  publications  as  have 
been  consulted  by  the  author  in  connection  with  the  present  contribution,  the 
criterion  for  the  admission  of  a  title  being  that  the  work  relate  definitely  to  the 
ornithology  of  Arizona.  Books  of  a  general  nature  are  not  included  unless  they 
contain  some  definite,  first-hand  information  on  the  subject,  something  not  pre- 
viously published.  It  is  hardly  to  be  hoped,  of  course,  that  nothing  has  been  over- 
looked, and  it  is  to  be  expected  that  additional  titles  relevant  to  the  subject  are 
still  to  be  found,  but  it  seems  unlikely  that  any  such  will  be  of  a  nature  to  serious- 
ly modify  many  of  the  statements  made  in  the  following  pages. 

The  author's  personal  field  work  in  the  state  has  been  almost  altogether  in 
the  region  lying  between  the  Gila  River  and  the  Mexican  boundary  line.  Trips 
of  varying  lengths,  during  four  different  years  and  covering  every  month  except 
December  and  January,  included  parts  of  this  region  in  great  detail,  and  larger 
portions  in  a  more  superficial  manner.  Of  the  three  hundred  and  sixty-two  spe- 
cies and  sub-species  here  credited  to  the  state,  two  hundred  and  twenty-seven 
were  personally  observed.  In  most  cases  specimens  were  collected. 

The  accompanying  map  showing  life  zones  of  the  state  is  presented  with  full 
realization  that  it  is  probably  open  to  criticism  in  many  particulars,  and  will  cor- 
respondingly doubtless  require  revision  in  many  of  the  details.  At  the  same  time 
it  is  believed  that  it  will  be  of  sufficient  aid  in  illustration  of  the  distribution  of 
manv  species,  and  in  showing  the  Calient  zonal  peculiarities  of  the  state,  to  fully 
justify  its  publication,  even  in  its  admittedly  tentative  form.  This  map  is  com- 
piled from  various  sources.  The  northeastern  corner  is  copied  from  Merriam's 
(1890)  zone  map  of  the  San  Francisco  Mountain  region;  the  zones  of  much  of 
the  central  portion  of  the  state  are  computed  from  descriptions  of  localities  in 
publications  of  Coues  (1866).  Henshaw  (1875),  Scott  (1886),  Mearns  (1890), 
and  others.  Maps  showing  the  distribution  in  Arizona  of  certain  conspicuous 
forest  trees  useful  as  zone  indicators,  loaned  to  the  author  by  the  District  For- 
ester's office,  Albuquerque,  New  Mexico,  were  also  used,  and  found  of  great  as- 
sistance. Much  of  the  region  south  of  the  Gila  River  has  been  mapped  from 
personal  observations  of  the  author. 


1914 


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

In  going  through  literature  dealing  with  the  subject  it  became  apparent  that 
many  of  the  older  government  reports,  and  some  more  modern  works  as  well, 
contained,  among  much  trustworthy  and  valuable  information,  statement^  re- 
garding certain  species  which  needed  corroborative  proof  other  than  that  to  be 
found  on  the  printed  page.  This  was  a  phase  of  the  problem  utterly  beyond  the 
author's  power  to  deal  with,  unaided,  and  he  is  correspondingly  grateful  to  Mr. 
W.  W.  Cooke  of  the  Biological  Survey,  for  cordial  assistance  in  supplying  def- 
inite information  regarding  many  of  these  doubtful  cases.  Further  acknowledg- 
ment is  made  in  the  following  pages  in  each  of  the  rather  numerous  instances  in 
which  his  aid  was  invoked. 

To  Professor  C.  B.  Cory  and  Mr.  W.  H.  Osgood,  of  the  Field  Museum  of 
Natural  History,  obligations  are  acknowledged  for  permission  to  print  hitherto 
unpublished  data  regarding  certain  specimens  in  the  ornithological  collection  of 
that  institution.  To  Mr.  F.  C.  Baker,  of  the  Chicago  Academy  of  Sciences,  the 
author  expresses  his  gratitude  for  the  free  use  of  the  library  of  the  academy  ac- 
corded him,  as  well  as  for  assistance  and  advice  in  the  pursuit  of  the  bibliograph- 
ical portion  of  the  work. 

To  Mr.  G.  Frean  Morcom  grateful  thanks  are  extended  for  his  generous  sup- 
port of,  and  deep  interest  in,  field  work  which  otherwise  could  hardly  have  been 
undertaken.  From  Mr.  F.  S.  Daggett,  now  Director  of  the  Los  Angeles  Museum 
of  History,  Science,  and  Art,  the  author  received  advice  and  encouragement  on 
many  occasions.  Mr.  Daggett  added  to  his  own  collection  large  series  of  birds  col- 
lected at  certain  localities  in  Arizona  which  the  author  had  been  unable  to  visit,  or 
which  were  taken  at  different  seasons  of  the  year  from  the  time  of  the  author's 
work  in  the  region,  and  the  information  gained  thereby  was  freely  placed  at  his 
disposal. 

Mr.  F.  C.  Willard,  of  Tombstone,  Arizona,  obligingly  read  the  manuscript 
of  this  list,  with  a  view  of  adding  thereto  such  unpublished  records  of  his  own, 
obtained  during  a  number  of  years  of  careful  observation  of  the  birds  of  south- 
eastern Arizona,  as  would  add  to  the  statements  made  by  the  author.  The  valu- 
able information  thus  secured  is  cited  in  the  text  as  "F.  C.  Willard.  MS''. 

Mr.  A.  B.  Recknagel,  Assistant  District  Forester,  Albuquerque,  New  Mex- 
ico, very  kindly  loaned  the  author  blue  print  maps  which  were  on  file  in  nis  of- 
fice, illustrating  the  distribution  in  Arizona  of  seven  conspicuous  species  of  forest 
trees,  useful  as  zone  indicators.  The  data  thus  obtained,  of  the  greatest  value  in 
compiling  a  map  of  the  life  zones  of  Arizona,  could  have  been  secured  in  no 
other  way,  and  the  author  is  deeply  appreciative  of  the  courtesy  extended  him. 

Finally,  grateful  appreciation  is  hereby  expressed  for  the  co-operation  of 
Mr.  Joseph  Grinnell,  whose  assistance  and  advice  have  materially  aided  in  fhe 
completion  of  this  list,  and  whose  helpful  suggestions  throughout  the  course  of  the 
undertaking  have  strongly  influenced  the  author,  both  in  regard  to  matters  of 
form  and  methods  of  work. 

H.  S.  SWARTIT. 

I. os  Angeles,  California.  April  i .  /or?. 


1914  9 

DISTRIBUTIONAL  LIST  OF  THE  BIRDS  OF  ARIZONA 

1.  Aechmophorus  occidentalis  (Lawrence). 

WESTERN  GREBE;. 

Synonym — Podiceps  occidentalis. 

Status — But  two  published  records  of  its  occurrence  in  Arizona.  Henshaw 
(i875b,  p.  488)  secured  a  specimen  on  the  Gila  River  in  November;  and  Brown 
( 1903,  p.  50)  reported  it  as  a  permanent  resident  in  the  vicinity  of  Yuma.  There 
is,  however,  no  evidence  of  its  breeding  there,  or  anywhere  else  in  the  state. 

2.  Colymbus  nigricollis  californicus  (Heermann). 

AMERICAN  EARED  GREBE. 

Synonyms — Podiceps  californicus;  Podiccps  auritus  californicus. 

Status — This  species  was  found  breeding  by  Mearns  (iSpoa,  p.  50)  in  the 
high  plateau  region  north  of  the  Mogollon  Mountains — Storeman's  Lake,  Mor- 
mon Lake,  and  near  Flagstaff.  It  has  also  been  recorded  from  the  Colorado 
River  at  Mohave,  and  from  Moencopie,  in  northern  Arizona,  in  September. 

3.  Podilymbus  podiceps  (Linnaeus). 

PIED-BILLED  GREBE. 

•Synonym — Fodiiymb us  carolinensis. 

Status —  Apparently  fairly  common  on  the  Colorado  River  during  the  mi- 
grations and  in  winter,  while  it  is  of  only  casual  occurrence  elsewhere.  There 
are  no  definite  breeding  records  for  the  state,  though  Brown  (1903,  p.  49)  speaks 
of  it  as  a  resident  in  the  vicinity  of  Yuma. 

4.  Gavia  immer  (Briinnich). 

COMMON  LOON. 

Synonym — Colymbus  torquatus. 

Status — According  to  Coues  (i866a,  p.  100)  a  common  winter  visitant  on 
the  Colorado  River.  There  is  in  the  Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zoology  an  adult 
female  (no.  6403)  taken  (probably  by  W.  W.  Holder)  at  "Mineral  City  on  the 
Colorado.  River"  (=Ehrenberg),  April  4,  1864. 

5.  Gavia  stellata  (Pontopiddan). 

RED-THROATED  LOON. 

Synonym — Urinator  lunime. 

Status — There  is  but  one  record  for  the  state,  that  of  an  immature  male  se- 
cured by  Brown  on  the  Papago  Indian  reservation,  near  Tucson,  December  20, 
1884  (Scott,  1886,  p.  383). 

6.  Larus  delawarensis  Ord. 

RING-BILLED  GULL. 

Status — Seen  by  Coues  (i866a,  p.  99)  on  the  Colorado  River  "in  the  autumn 
of  1865."  The  only  recent  record  known  to  me  is  that  of  Price  (1899,  p.  90). 
who  doubtfully  identified  as  of  this  species  two  small  gulls  seen  near  Yuma.  No- 
vember 27,  li 


1°  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  Xo.  10 

7-  Larus  Philadelphia   (Ord). 

BONAPARTE  GULL. 

Synonym — Chroicocephaliis  Philadelphia. 

Status — Dr.  Coues  met  with  this  species  on  the  Gila  River  (1865!},  p.  538). 
and  on  the  Colorado  River,  between  Forts  Mohave  and  Yuma,  in  September, 
1865  (i866c,  p.  259),  but  it  has  not  been  observed  in  the  region  by  any  one  since 
that  time. 

8.  Sterna  forsteri  Xuttall. 

FORSTER  TERN. 

Status — There  is  in  the  Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zoology  an  adult  male  (no. 
12616)  taken  May  4,  1910,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Gila  River,  the  first  definite  record 
for  Arizona.  The  species  was  included  in  Cones'  ( i866a,  p.  99)  list  of  birds 
occurring  on  the  Colorado  River,  but  with  no  statement  as  to  the  time  or  manner 
of  its  occurrence. 

9.  Sterna  hirundo  Linnaeus. 

COMMON  TERN. 

Status — There  is,  apparently,  record  of  but  a  single  specimen  of  this  species 
from  Arizona,  one  secured  by  Henshaw  (i875b,  p.  486)  on  the  San  Pedro  River, 
September  3,  1872. 

TO.  Hydrochelidon  nigra  surinamensis   (Gmelin). 

BLACK  TERN. 

Synonyms — Hydrochelidon  fissipes;  Hydrochelidon  larifonnis;  Hydrocheli- 
don nigra;  Hydrochelidon  snrinamensis. 

Status — A  rare  migrant.  Henshaw  secured  it  in  southern  Arizona  in  the 
fall  (see  Henshaw,  i875b,  p.  487;  Saunders,  1896,  p.  20),  and  Brewster  (1883, 
p.  36)  has  recorded  one  taken  at  Cienega  Station,  April  17. 

11.  Phaethon  aethereus  Linnaeus. 

RED-BILLED  TROPIC-BIRD. 

Synonym — Phaethon  aniericanus. 

Status — One  specimen  taken  by  Breninger  at  Phoenix,  April  10,  1905.  This 
bird  is  now  in  the  collection  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History  (cf. 
Miller,  1910,  p.  450). 

12.  Anhinga  anhinga  (Linnaeus). 

ANHINGA. 

Status — Herbert  Brown  met  with  this  species  near  Yuma,  during  the 
winter  of  1905-06,  when  it  appeared  to  be  not  uncommon.  He  also  reports  a  single 
specimen,  a  female,  killed  on  the  Santa  Cruz  River,  near  Tucson.  September  12, 
1803  (1906,  p.  217).  These  are  the  only  records  for  the  state. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  11 

13.  Phalacrocorax  auritus  albociliatus  Ridgway. 

FARALLON  CORMORANT. 

Synonym — Graculus  dilophus. 

Status — Mentioned  by  Cones  (i866a,  p.  100)  as  occurrmg~on  the  lower 
Colorado  River.  Seen  at  various  points  along  the  river  between  Laguna  Dam 
and  Yuma,  in  April  and  May,  1910  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

14.  Pelecanus  erythrorhynchos  Gmelin. 

AMERICAN  WHITE  PELICAN. 

Synonym — Pelecanus  trachyrhynchus. 

Status — The  numerous  records  would  indicate  this  species  to  be  of  common 
occurrence  on  the  Colorado  River,  and  on  the  lower  Gila  River,  at  all  times  of 
the  year  except  midsummer.  Except  for  one  record  from  Tucson  (Sloanaker, 
1913,  p.  195),  it  has  apparently  not  been  seen  elsewhere  in  Arizona. 

15.  Mergus  americanus  Cassin. 

AMERICAN  MERGANSER. 

Synonym — Merganser  am  ericanus. 

Status — Mearns  (18903,  p.  50)  speaks  of  this  species  as  breeding  in  the 
Mogollon  Mountains,  in  the  streams  tributary  to  the  Salt  and  Verde  rivers,  and 
also  at  Fort  Verde.  Scott  ( 1886,  p.  384)  found  it  rare  on  the  San  Pedro  River 
in  January. 

1 6.  Mergus  serrator  Linnaeus. 

RED-BREASTED  MERGANSER. 

Synonym — Merganser  serrator. 

Status — Merriam  observed  a  few  individuals  at  the  bend  of  the  Colorado, 
and  at  the  mouth  of  Beaverdam  Creek,  northwestern  Arizona,  in  May,  1891 
(Fisher,  i893b,  p.  15).  This  is  the  only  published  record  of  the  occurrence  of 
the  species  in  Arizona.  Observed  on  the  Colorado  River,  near  Needles,  February 
18,  and  at  Chemehuevis  Valley,  March  8,  1910  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.).  Two  were 
shot  by  F.  N.  Wolcott  from  a  flock  of  four,  near  Fairbanks.  April  8,  1911  (F. 
C.  Willard,  MS). 

17.  Lophodytes  cucullatus  (Linnaeus). 

HOODED  MERGANSER. 

Status — Known  only  from  the  record  by  Coues  (1868,  p.  84)  of  its  occur- 
rence at  Camp  Grant;  and  by  Scott  (1886,  p.  384)  of  an  immature  female  in  the 
collection  of  Herbert  Brown,  taken  near  Tucson,  December  5,  1885.  A  lone  bird 
was  shot  by  F.  N.  Wolcott  on  the  San  Pedro  River  in  the  fall  of  1896  (F.  C.  Wil- 
!anl,  MS). 

18.  Anas  platyrhynchos  Linnaeus. 

MALLARD. 

Synonym — Anas  boschas. 

Status — A  common  winter  visitant  in  suitable  localities  in  southern  Arizona, 
usually  along  the  larger  streams.  Mearns  found  it  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains 
in  May  and  June,  so  it  probably  breeds,  though  in  limited  numbers,  in  places 
where  conditions  are  favorable. 


12  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  ID 

19-  Chaulelasmus  streperus  (Linnaeus). 

GADWALL. 

Synonym — Anas  sire  per  a. 

Status — Mearns  found  this  species  in  summer  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains, 
where  it  was  common  and  "probably  breeding".  Cones  (i866a,  p.  99)  met  with 
it  on  the  Colorado  River  in  October,  and  Scott  (1886,  p.  384)  took  a  specimen 
at  Tucson  in  December. 

20.  Mareca  americana   (Gmelin). 

B  A  LDP  ATE. 

Synonyms — Anas  americana;  Anas  penelope. 

Status — A  common  migrant,  and,  in  southern  Arizona,  a  winter  visitant. 
Reported  by  Mearns  (18903,  p.  50)  as  occurring  in  summer  at  Mormon  Lake, 
in  the  Mogollon  Mountains,  where  he  supposed  it  was  breeding,  though  no  nests 
were  found. 

21.  Nettion  carolinense   (Gmelin). 

GREEK-WINGED  TEAL. 

Synonyms — Oucrqiicdiila  carolincnsis;  Anas  carolinensis. 

Status — A  common  migrant,  reported  from  various  scattered  localities.  Re- 
mains through  the  winter  in  southern  Arizona :  San  Pedro  River,  Colorado  River, 
Tucson,  etc. 

22.  Querquednla  discors  (Linnaeus). 

BLUE-WINGED  TEAL. 

Synonym — Anas  discors. 

Status — Kas  been  reported  from  various  parts  of  Arizona.  Scott  speaks  of 
it  as  being  of  occasional  occurrence  in  winter  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson,  while 
Mearns  (18903,  p.  51)  found  the  species  in  May  and  June  on  the  lakes  of  the 
Mogollon  Mountains,  where  it  may  have  been  breeding.  There  are  also  records 
of  individuals  taken  during  the  migrations  at  Tucson,  Ehrenberg  (Colorado 
River),  Sulphur  Spring  (Cochise  County),  and  San  Francisco  Mountain.  Not 
infrequently  taken  in  winter  on  the  San  Pedro  River  (F.  C.  Willard,  MS). 

23.  Querquedula  cyanoptera  (Vieillot). 

CINNAMON  TEAL. 

Synonyms — Pterocyanca  caeruleata;  Anas  cyanoptera. 

vStatus — A  common  migrant  throughout  the  state.  Has  been  found  breed- 
ing in  the  Mogollon  Mountains,  and  is  reported  as  a  winter  visitant  in  extreme 
southern  Arizona  (Tucson,  Sulphur  Spring,  etc.). 

24.  Spatula  clypeata  (Linnaeus). 

SHOVELLER. 

Status — A  migrant,  and,  in  southern  Arizona,  a  winter  visitant.  Mearns 
(18903,  p.  51)  found  the  species  in  May  and  June  on  the  lakes  in  the  Mogollon 
Mountains,  where  it  may  have  been  breeding. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  13 

25.  Dafila  acuta  (Linnaeus). 

PINTAIL. 

Status — Has  been  reported  as  a  migrant  from  various  parts  of  the  state.  It 
was  found  on  Mormon  Lake,  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains,  in  May,  by  Mearns. 
Seen  on  the  San  Pedro  River  in  February,  so  is  probably  a  winter  visitant  in 
southern  Arizona  (Willard,  19100,  p.  no). 

26.  Marila  americana  (Eyton). 

REDHEAD. 

Synonym — Aythya  americana. 

Status — The  only  record  of  the  occurrence  of  this  species  in  Arizona  is  that 
by  Scott  (1886,  p.  384),  who  reported  it  as  occurring  in  winter  in  the  vicinity 
of  Tucson  and  on  the  San  Pedro  River. 

27.  Marila  valisineria    (Wilson). 

CANVAS-BACK. 

Synonym — Aytliya  vallisneria. 

Status — Scott  (1886,  p.  384)  records  a  small  flock  seen  on  the  San  Pedro 
River,  January  28,  1886,  while  Coues  (i892a,  p.  198)  reports  it  as  occurring  in 
large  numbers  on  the  Verde  River  near  Fort  Whipple,  in  winter.  These  are  the 
only  records  for  the  state. 

28.  Marila  marila  (Linnaeus). 

GREATER  SCAUP  DUCK. 

Synonym — Aythya  marila  nearctica. 

Status — Known  only  from  the  record  by  Scott  (1886,  p.  384),  who  speaks  of 
it  as  "rather  common  on  the  San  Pedro  in  winter." 

29.  Marila  affinis  (Eyton). 

LESSER  SCAUP  DUCK. 

Synonym — Aythya  affinis. 

Status — A  record  by  Scott  (1886,  p.  384)  of  "a  few  seen  on  the  San  Pedro 
during  late  January."  Common  near  Tucson  in  March,  1912  (Sloanaker,  1913, 
p.  i<)5).  Observed  on  the  Colorado  River,  near  Ehrenberg,  March  24,  and  at 
Cibola,  April  4,  1910  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

30.  Clangula  clangula  americana  Bonaparte. 

AMERICAN   GOLDEN-EYE. 

Status — Only  one  record,  that  of  two  specimens  taken  near  Tucson,  April  1 
and  February  I,  respectively  (Sloanaker,  1912,  p.  154). 

31.  Charitonetta  albeola  (Linnaeus). 

BUFFLE-HEAD. 

Synonyms — Clangula  albeola;  Bucephala  albeola. 

Status — While  apparently  not  common,  this  species  has  been  reported  in 
winter  from  various  scattered  localities  in  all  parts  of  the  state  (Tucson,  San 
Pedro  River,  Bill  Williams  River,  etc.). 


14  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

32.  Erismatura  jamaicensis  (Gmelin). 

RUDDY  DUCK. 

Synonym — Erismatura  rubida. 

Status — Though  there  are  curiously  few  published  records  of  the  occurrence 
of  this  species,  it  is,  nevertheless,  a  fairly  common  migrant.  Mearns  met  with 
it  in  summer  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains  (Stoneman's  Lake,  Mormon  Lake),  and 
near  Flagstaff,  where  they  were  preparing  to  breed.  It  very  probably  remains 
through  the  winter  in  southern  Arizona,  though  there  are  no  records  of  its  doing 
so.  Observed  near  Tucson  in  April,  1896  (Swarth  MS),  and  on  the  Colorado 
River,  near  Laguna  Dam,  April  23,  1910  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

33.  Chen  hyperboreus  hyperboreus  (Pallas). 

LESSER  SNOW  GOOSE. 

Synonym — Anser  hyperboreus. 

Status — There  is  a  record  by  Cones  (i866a,  p.  98)  of  "specimens  taken  near 
Fort  Whipple,  Oct.  17,  1864."  Seen  on  the  Colorado  River,  near  Needles,  Feb- 
ruary 1 6  and  23,  1910  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

34.  Anser  albifrons  gambeli  Hartlaub. 

WHITE-FRONTED  GOOSE. 

Synonyms — Anser  albifrons;  Anser  gambeli. 

Status — Coues  (i866a,  p.  98)  found  it  abundant  on  the  Colorado  River. 
There  is  no  published  statement  of  its  occurrence  in  the  region  since  that  time. 

35.  Branta  canadensis  canadensis  (Linnaeus). 

CANADA  GOOSE. 

Synonym — Bcrnicla  canadensis. 

Status — The  species  has  been  reported  both  from  the  Colorado  River,  and 
from  the  San  Pedro  River,  in  winter,  but  from  the  paucity  of  records  it  would 
seem  to  be  of  uncommon  occurrence. 

36.  Branta  canadensis  hutchinsi  (Richardson). 

HUTCHINS  GOOSE. 

Synonym — Bernicla  hutchinsi. 

Status — The  only  records  for  Arizona  are  those  by  Coues  of  its  occurrence 
on  the  Colorado  River  (i866a,  p.  98),  and  at  Fort  Grant  (1868,  p.  84). 

37.  Dendrocygna  autumnalis    (Linnaeus). 

BLACK-BELLIED  TREE-DUCK. 

Status— Herbert  Brown  (1906,  p.  217)  has  reported  the  killing  of  six 
specimens  of  this  duck,  out  of  a  flock  of  eight,  on  the  Santa  Cruz  River,  near  Tuc- 
son, on  May  5,  1899.  This  is  the  only  Arizona  record. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  15 

38.  Dendrocygna  bicolor  (Vieillot). 

FULVOUS  TREE-DUCK. 

Synonym — Dendrocygna   fuk'a. 

Status — Coues  (i866a,  p.  98)  has  recorded  the  capture  of  "  a  pair  taken  in 
November,  about  twenty  miles  from  Fort  Whipple."  From  a  published  note  of 
Brown  (1906,  p.  217)  it  would  seem  to  be  of  fairly  common  occurrence  in  winter 
on  the  Colorado  and  Gila  rivers,  in  the  vicinity  of  Yuma,  and  decidedly  rare  else- 
where in  the  state. 

39.  Olor  columbianus  (Ond). 

WHISTLING  SWAN. 

Synonym — Cygnus  americanus. 

Status — Recorded  by  Coues  (i866a,  p.  98)  from  the  Colorado  River  and 
Fort  Mohave.  There  is  a  recent  instance  of  its  occurrence  at  Sacaton,  Final 
County,  November  21,  1910  ( Oilman,  191  la,  p.  35). 

40.  Plegadis  guarauna  (Linnaeus). 

WHITE-FACED  GLOSSY  IBIS. 

Synonyms — Ibis  ordii;  Falcincllus  ordii;  Ibis  guarauna;  Ibis  thai as sinus ; 
Plegadis  aiituninalis. 

Status — Apparently  fairly  abundant,  as  there  are  records  of  its  occurrence 
.during  the  migration  in  various  parts  of  the  state:  Tucson,  Little  Colorado  Riv- 
er, Forts  Whipple  and  Apache,  and  at  various  points  along  the  Gila  and  Colorado 
rivers.  It  has  been  reported  as  breeding  at  Mormon  Lake,  in  the  Mogollon 
Mountains  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  88).  Has  been  found  at  Tombstone  in  winter 
(Cooke,  1913,  p.  21 ). 

41.  Mycteria  americana  Linnaeus. 

WOOD  IBIS. 

Synonym — Tantalus  loculator. 

Status — Apparently  common,  during  jhe  summer  months,  from  May  to  Sep- 
tember, along  the  Colorado  River,  at  least  as  far  up  as  Fort  Mohave  (Coues, 
i866a,  p.  96).  There  are  also  records  for  the  various  tributaries  of  that  stream: 
the  Gila,  San  Pedro,  Bill  Williams,  etc.  It  is  not  known  to  breed  in  Arizona,  nor 
has  it  been  observed  in  winter. 

42.  Botaurus  lentiginosus  (Montagu). 

AMERICAN  BITTERN. 

Synonym — Botaurus  minor. 

Status— The  only  breeding  record  is  that  of  Mearns  (iSoxia,  p.  51)  who 
found  the  species  nesting  commonly  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains  (Mormon  Lake, 
etc.)-  It  is  a  fairly  common  migrant  elsewhere  and  has  been  found  in  winter  on 
the  San  Pedro  River  in  southern  Arizona  (Scott.  1886,  p.  385). 


16  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

43-  Ixobrychus  exilis  (Gmeiin). 

LEAST  BITTERN. 

Synonym — Ardetta  exilis. 

Status — Cones  (i866a,  p.  263)  noted  this  species  along  the  Colorado  River 
between  Forts  Yuma  and  Mohave,  in  September,  1865.  This  is  the  only  record 
for  the  state. 

44-  Ardea  herodias  treganzai  Court. 

PALLID  GREAT  BLUE  HERON. 

Synonym — Ardea  herodias. 

Status — Breeds  along  the  Colorado  River,  and  in  southern  Arizona,  along 
the  Gila  River  and  its  tributaries  (Mineral  Creek,  San  Pedro  River,  etc.).  Found 
also  in  winter  in  the  same  region.  There  appear  to  be  no  records  whatever  from 
the  plateau  region  of  northern  Arizona. 

45.  Herodias  egretta  (Gmeiin). 

AMERICAN  EGRET. 

Synonyms — Ardea  egretta;  Herodias  alba  egretta. 

Status — Probably  a  migrant  only;  there  are  records  of  its  occurrence  in 
April,  May,  and  September,  at  various  points  on  the  Colorado,  Gila,  and  San  Pe- 
dro rivers. 

46.  Egretta  candidissima  candidissima  (Gmeiin). 

SNOWY  HERON. 

Synonyms — Garzctta  candidissima;  Ardea  candidissima. 

Status — There  are  but  two  instances  of  the  occurrence  of  this  species  in  Ari- 
zona: Coues  (i866a,  p.  263)  observed  it  on  the  Colorado  River  between  Forts 
Mohave  and  Yuma  in  September,  and  Scott  (1886,  p.  385)  reports  a  flock  of  five 
seen,  one  of  which  was  secured,  near  Tucson,  in  May. 

47.  Butorides  virescens  anthonyi  (Mearns). 

ANTHONY  GREEN  HERON. 

Synonyms — Butorides  virescens ;  Ardea  virescens;  Ardea  virescens  anthonyi. 

Status — The  breeding  range  of  this  species  appears  to  be  about  the  same  as 
that  of  the  Great  Blue  Heron — along  the  Colorado  River,  the  Gila  River,  and  the 
tributaries  of  the  latter,  north  to  the  Big  Sandy  and  Fort  Verde  (Oberholser. 
1912,  p.  543)  ;  while  it  is  reported  in  winter  from  the  lower  Colorado  near  Yuma, 
November  or  December,  1898  (Price,  1899,  p.  91).  Thus  far  it  has  not  been 
found  in  the  northern  plateau  region. 

48.  Nycticorax  nycticorax  naevius  (Boddaert). 

BLACK-CROWNED  NIGHT  HERON. 

Synonyms — Nyctiardea  gardeni;  Nyctiardea  grisea  naevia. 

Status — A  common  migrant,  occurring  in  suitable  localities  throughout  the 
region.  Remains  through  the  winter  along  the  lower  Colorado  River,  and  prob- 
ably in  the  warmer  valleys  of  southern  Arizona  in  general.  Said  to  be  a  perma- 
nent resident  in  the  Verde  Valley  (Mearns,  i8ox>a,  p.  51). 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  17 

49.  Grus  canadensis  (Linnaeus). 

LITTLE;  BROWN  CRANE. 

Synonym  —  Grits  mc.vicana,  part? 

Status  —  There  are  several  records  of  the  occurrence  of  this~species  at  various 
points  along-  the  Colorado  River  as  well  as  in  the  interior,  during  the  migrations 
and  in  winter.  Some,  at  least,  of  these  probably  refer  to  G.  mcxicana,  but  in  the 
absence  of  specimens  it  is  impossible  to  separate  them.  A  late  record,  authenti- 
cated by  specimens,  is  of  two  birds  taken  near  Tucson  (Sloanaker,  1912,  p.  154). 

50.  Grus  mexicana  (Miiller). 

SANDHILL  CRANE. 

Synonym  —  Gnts  canadensis,  part? 

Status  —  "A  few  pairs  breed  at  Mormon  Lake,  where  a  Mormon  settler  took 
its  eggs  in  1886"  (Mearns,  18903,  p.  51).  This  record  for  the  Mogollon  Moun- 
tains appears  to  be  the  only  definite  one  for  the  state.  A  few  arc  reported  as 

along  the  San  Pedro  River  each  winter  (F.  C.  Willard,  MS). 


51.  Rallus  levipes  Bangs. 

LIGHT-FOOTED  RAIL. 

Status  —  ''Accidental  in  Arizona"  (A.  O.  U.  Check-List,  1910,  p.  102).  Ac- 
cording to  information  received  by  me  from  Mr.  W.  W.  Cooke  this  record  was 
based  on  a  specimen  taken  August  25,  1902,  by  Mr.  Herbert  Brown,  at  Yuma. 

52.  Rallus  virginianus  Linnaeus. 

VIRGINIA  RAIL. 

Status  —  The  only  Arizona  records  of  the  Virginia  Rail  are  of  a  single  bird 
seen  on  the  San  Pedro  River,  January  28,  1886,  by  Scott  (1886,  p.  385),  and  of 
one  taken  at  Tucson,  April  u,  1886,  by  Brown  (Allen,  1886,  p.  386,  footnote).  It 
should  prove  to  be  common,  however,  if  sought  for  in  suitable  localities. 

53.  Porzana  Carolina  (Linnaeus). 

SORA. 

Status  —  Mearns  (18903,  p.  51)  found  this  species  in  the  Mogollon  Moun- 
tains (Mormon  Lake,  Stoneman's  Lake)  in  May,  abundant  and  probably  breed- 
ing. Aside  from  this  it  has  been  found  in  Arizona  on  but  a  few  occasions,  dur- 
ing the  migrations  and  in  scattered  localities  (Colorado  River,  Camp  Apache, 
Tucson,  Moencopie). 

54.  Coturnicops  noveboracensis  (Gmelin). 

YELLOW  RAIL. 

Status  —  One  specimen  reported  from  Sacaton,  March  28,  1909  (Gilman, 
1910,  p.  46).  Not  otherwise  observed  in  Arizona. 

55.  lonornis  martinicus  (Linnaeus). 

PURPLE  GALLINULE. 

Status  —  Two  specimens  have  been  secured  in  Arizona  :  one  on  the  Santa 
Cruz  River,  near  Tucson,  October  20,  1887  (Brown,  i888a,  p.  109),  the  other  at 
Tombstone,  taken  in  June,  1904  (Willard,  1905,  p.  112). 


18  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  in 


56-  Gallinula  galeata  (Lichtenstein). 

FLORIDA  GAI.LINULE. 

Status — This  species  is  probably  fairly  common,  at  least  during  the  migra- 
tions, though  there  are  but  very  few  published  statements  in  regard  to  its  occur- 
rence. Scott  (1886,  p.  386)  found  it  on  the  San  Pedro  River  in  January,  and 
quotes  Brown  to  the  effect  that  it  is  "not  uncommon  about  Tucson."  Rhoads 
(1892,  p.  113)  also  found  it  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson  in  summer. 

57-  Fulica  americana  Gmelin. 

AMERICAN  COOT. 

Status — Though  a  few  have  been  noted  at  different  times  in  southern  Ari- 
zona during  the  summer  months,  the  only  part  of  the  state  where  the  species  has 
been  found  breeding  is  on  the  high  Mogollon  Plateau  (Mearns,  iSpoa,  p.  52). 
During  the  migrations  it  is  quite  generally  distributed,  while  it  winters  in  south- 
ern Arizona. 

58-  Lobipes  lobatus  (Linnaeus). 

NORTHERN  PHALAROPE. 

Synonym — Phalaropus  lobatus. 

Status — "A  flock  of  eight,  six  of  which  were  killed,  was  found  in  a  little 
crater  lake  ('Walker  Lake'),  August  19"  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  88).  This  record 
from  San  Francisco  Mountain  is  the  only  one  for  Arizona. 

59-  Steganopus  tricolor  Vieillot. 

WILSON  PHALAROPE. 

Synonyms — Phalaropus  wilsoni;  Steganopus  wilsoni. 

Status- -Found  on  the  Colorado  River  in  September  by  Coues  (i866a,  p. 
263),  in  southeastern  Arizona  by  Henshaw  (1875^  p.  451),  who  found  it  com- 
mon in  August,  and  at  Tucson,  where  Scott  (1886,  p.  386)  found  it  "common 
during  the  migrations." 

60.  Recnrvirostra  americana  Gmelin. 

AMERICAN  AVOCET. 

Status — Has  been  noted  during  the  fall  migration  at  various  points  on  the 
Colorado  River,  the  Little  Colorado,  the  Gila,  and  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson. 
There  is  a  specimen  in  the  Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zoology  (no.  7069)  taken, 
probably  by  W.  W.  Holder,  at  "Mineral  City"  (Ehrenberg),  February  12,  1864. 

61.  Himantopus  mexicanus  (Muller). 

BLACK-NECKED  STILT. 

Synonym — Himantopus  nigricollis. 

Status — Recorded  only  from  points  on  the  Colorado  River,  where  Coues 
(i866a,  p.  263)  met  with  it  in  September,  and  Stephens  (1903,  p.  77)  in  Aug- 
ust. It  should  occur  during  the  migrations  throughout  southern  Arizona  at  least. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  19 

62.  Gallinago  delicata  (Ord). 

WILSON  SNIPE. 

Synonyms — Scolopa.v  wilsonii;  Gallinago  wilsonii. 

Status — A  migrant  occurring  throughout  the  state.  Was  found  on  Bill 
Williams  Fork  in  February  (Kennedy,  1859,  p.  34),  and  is  of  occasional  occur- 
rence in  winter  in  southern  Arizona. 

63.  Macrorhamphus  griseus  scolopaceus  (Say). 

LONG-BILLED  DOWITCHER. 

Synonym — Macrorhamphus  griseus. 

Status — There  is  but  little  information  at  hand  pertaining  to  the  occurrence 
of  this  species  in  Arizona.  Coues  (i866a,  p.  97)  speaks  of  it  as  being  ''sparing- 
ly distributed  throughout  the  Territory",  without  citing  any  specific  instances  of 
its  capture.  Henshaw  (1875^  p.  453)  lists  a  specimen  from  Mimbres,  Arizona, 
October  22,  and  comments  that  the  species  is  "apparently  an  uncommon  visitor  in 
Arizona."  A  specimen  entered  in  the  British  Museum  Catalogue  of  Birds 
(Sharpe,  1896,  p.  399)  :  "  $  ad.,  Arizona,  Oct.  22,  C.  G.  Newberry",  is  probably 
the  same  one  alluded  to  by  Henshaw. 

These  are  all  referred  to  as  Macrorhamphus  griseus,  but  it  seems  more  prob- 
able that  the  form  occurring  in  Arizona  is  M.  g.  scolapaccus.  I  have  seen  no 
specimens  from  the  region. 

64.  Pisobia  bairdi  (Coues). 

BAIRD  SANDPIPER. 

Synonyms — Tringa  schinzii;  Actodromas  bairdi;  Tringa  bairdi. 

Status — Henshaw  (i875b,  p.  455)  found  it  quite  numerous  in  the  fall  in 
southeastern  Arizona,  taking  specimens  at  Camp  Apache,  August  26-29,  and  at 
Camp  Crittenden,  September  2.  Merriam  (1890,  p.  88)  met  with  it  at  Walker 
Lake.  San  Francisco  Mountain,  August  27  and  September  i.  Not  reported  from 
the  Colorado  River. 

65.  Pisobia  minutilla  (Yieillot). 

LEAST  SANDPIPER. 

Synonyms — Actodromas  minutilla;  Tringa  minutilla;  Limonites  minutilla. 

Status — A  common  migrant  throughout  the  state.  It  is  probably  a  winter 
visitant  in  parts  nf  southern  Arizona  and  along  the  lower  Colorado  River,  but  the 
only  definite  record  of  a  winter  bird  is  of  a  specimen  mentioned  by  Cooke  (1910, 
p.  41),  as  in  the  United  States  National  Museum,  collected  in  winter  in  southern 
Arizona,  no  definite  date  or  locality  being  given. 

66.  Pelidna  alpina  sakhalina  (Vieillot). 

RED-BACKED  SANDPIPER. 

Synonym — Tringa  alpina  pacifica. 

Status — Recorded  by  Scott  (1886,  p.  386),  who  secured  specimens  near  Tuc- 
son in  April,  1883.  Apparently  not  otherwise  observed  in  Arizona. 


20  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

67.  Ereunetes  mauri  Cabanis. 

WESTERN  SANDPIPER. 

Synonyms — Tringa  pnsilla;  Ercnnctcs  pnsillns;  Ereunetes  occidentalis. 

Status — A  common  migrant  throughout  the  state:  Fort  Apache.  August  28, 
29  (Henshaw,  1874,  p.  145)  ;  Tucson,  spring  and  fall  (Scott,  1886,  p.  386)  ;  San 
Francisco  Mountain,  September  i  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  88).  On  the  lower  Colorado 
River  at  least,  a  winter  visitant  (Price,  1899,  p.  91). 

68.  Totanus  melanoleucus  (Gmelin). 

GREATER  YELLOW-LEGS. 

Synonym — Gambetta  mclanolcnca. 

Status — Has  been  observed  in  Arizona  on  but  a  few  occasions,  and  at  scat- 
tered localities.  Coues  ( i866a,  p.  98)  states  that  it  is  ''abundant  on  the  Col- 
orado." Reported  from  Bill  Williams  River  in  February  (Kennerly,  1859,  p. 
34)  ;  from  Tucson  in  October  (Scott,  1886,  p.  386)  ;  and  from  the  Pima  Indian 
Reservation,  south  of  Phoenix,  in  September  ( Breninger,  lo/Dia,  p.  45). 

69.  Helodromas  solitarins  einnamomeus  (Brewster). 

WESTERN  SOLITARY  SANDPIPER. 

Synonyms — Rhyacophilns  solitarins;  Totanus  solitarins;  Helodromas  soli- 
tarins. 

Status — An  abundant  migrant  in  suitable  localities  throughout  the  state. 

70.  Catoptrophorus  semipalmatus  inornatus  (Brewster). 

WESTERN  WILLET. 

Synonyms — Totanns  seuiipalmatns;  Symphcmia  semipalmata. 

Status — The  only  records  for  Arizona  (beside  the  general  statement  of 
Woodhouse  that  he  found  this  species  abundant  in  the  fall  in  "New  Mexico") 
are  those  of  birds  seen  by  Coues  (i866a,  p.  97)  near  Fort  Whipple,  on  October 
18,  1864;  and  of  one  collected  in  "Arizona"  by  Bischoff,  May  5,  1871  (Henshaw, 
i875b,  p.  457). 

71.  Bartramia  longicauda  (Bechstein). 

BARTRAMIAN  SANDPIPER. 

Synonyms — Actitums  bartramins;  Triiigoidcs  bartrainuis. 

Status — Woodhouse  reported  this  species  as  common  in  parts  of  "New  Mex- 
ico", but  the  only  specimen  definitely  known  to  have  been  taken  in  Arizona  is  one 
collected  by  Henshaw  (1875^  p.  461)  at  Sulphur  Spring,  Cochise  County,  Aug- 
ust 18,  1874. 

72.  Actitis  macularius  (Linnaeus). 

SPOTTED  SANDPIPER. 

Synonym — Tringoides  macularius. 

Status— A  common  migrant  throughout  the  state,  and  probably  to  be  found 
on  the  lower  Colorado  River  during  the  winter  months.  Found  breeding  on  San 
Francisco  Mountain  at  an  elevation  of  10,000  feet  (Mearns,  18903,  p.  82). 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  21 

73.  Numenius  americanus  Bechstein. 

LONG-BILLED  CURLEW. 

Synonym — Nitincnius  longirostris. 

Status — Cones  ( i866a,  p.  98)  secured  a  specimen  at  Fort~Whipple  in  Aug- 
ust, 1864;  Scott  (1886.  p.  386)  recorded  it  as  a  migrant  about  Tucson,  on  the 
authority  of  Brown;  Sloanaker  (1913,  p.  195)  reports  a  specimen  from  Tucson, 
October  12,  ic,ii;  and  Stephens  (1903,  p.  77)  noted  it  on  the  Colorado  River, 
at  F.hrenberg,  in  August.  These  are  all  the  records  for  Arizona. 

74.  Oxyechus  vociferus  (Linnaeus). 

KlLLDEER. 

S\nonyms — Charadriits  rod/cms;  Acgialitis  vociferus. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant,  and,  along  the  lower  Colorado  River 
at  least,  a  winter  visitant  also.  Breeds  in  suitable  localities  throughout  the  state, 
except  in  the  arid  Lower  Sonoran  southwestern  portion.  Common  in  summer  in 
the  valleys  of  southeastern  Arizona ;  in  the  Mogollon  Plateau  region  it  ranges  up 
to  7000  feet  (Mearns,  i8o/>a,  p.  52). 

75.  AEglalitis  semipalmata  (Bonaparte). 

SEMIPALMATED  PLOVER. 

Status — Seen  by  Cones  ( i866a,  p.  96)  on  the  Colorado  River  in  September 
and  October,  1865  5  Scott  (1886,  p.  387)  found  it  abundant  in  the  vicinity  of  Tuc- 
son, during  April,  1883.  These  are  the  only  records. 

76.  Podasocys  montanns  (Townsend). 

MOUNTAIN  PLOVER. 

Synonyms — ^Egialitis  montamts;  Hndromias  inonlanns. 

Status — Cones  ( i866a,  p.  96)  met  with  this  species,  presumably  at  Fort 
\Yhipple,  and  says  that  it  is  ''sparingly  distributed  throughout  Arizona."  The 
only  other  record  from  Arizona  is  that  of  Osgood  (1903,  p.  128),  who  found  it 
abundant  at  Sulphur  Spring,  Cochise  County,  in  December  and  January. 

77.  Colinus  ridgwayi  Brewster. 

MASKED   BOB-WHITE. 

Synonyms — Orty.v  firginianns;  Orty.v  graysoni;  Ortyx  ridgzvayi. 

Status — This  species  formerly  occupied  a  very  limited  region  in  extreme 
southern  Arizona.  Baboquivari  Peak  on  the  west,  and  the  Huachuca  Mountains 
on  the  east,  were  about  the  limits  of  its  extension,  nor  was  it  known  to  range 
more  than  thirty  or  forty  miles  north  of  the  United  States-Mexican  boundary 
line.  It  is  now  supposed  to  be  nearly  or  quite  extinct  in  Arizona ;  there  is  no 
reliable  published  account  of  a  specimen  secured  in  the  state  since  1888. 

78.  Callipepla  squamata  squamata   (Vigors). 

SCALED  QUAIL. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  arid,  semi-desert,  Lower  Sonoran  val- 
leys of  southeastern  Arizona,  usually  below  4000  feet,  occasionally  up  to  4500 
feet.  Has  been  found  as  far  west  as  the  Altar  Valley  and  Wood's  Station,  ninety 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

miles  southwest  of  Tucson  (Bendire,  1892,  p.  18).  It  ranges  up  the  valley  of 
the  Santa  Cruz  River  to  a  point  some  thirty  miles  south  of  Tucson;  along  the 
western  base  of  the  Santa  Rita  Mountains  it  reaches  a  little  farther  north.  It  is 
abundant  on  the  east  side  of  the  Santa  Ritas  and  in  the  valley  of  the  San  Pedro 
River  from  the  Mexican  boundary  line  to  the  east  slope  of  the  Santa  Catalina 
Mountains.  The  northernmost  points  of  record  are  Fort  Grant  (Henshaw,  iS/sb. 
p.  442),  Picacho  Station,  on  the  Southern  Pacific  railroad,  this  probably  an  ex- 
treme, possibly  an  unusual,  extension  of  range  (Brewster,  1883,  p.  33),  and  the 
Gila  River  near  Clifton  (Bendire,  1892,  p.  18). 

Although  the  character  of  country  inhabited  by  this  species  and  Lophortyx 
gambcli  is  very  similar,  there  are  but  few  points  where  the  two  occur  together, 
and  where  this  occurs  one  or  the  other  is  usually  greatly  in  preponderance. 

79.  Lophortyx  gambeli  Gambel. 

DESERT  QUAIL. 

Synonyms — Callipepla  gambeli ;  Lophortyx  calif ornicus. 

Status — Though  most  abundant  in  the  valleys  of  the  lower  Colorado  and 
the  Gila  rivers,  this  species  is  quite  generally  distributed,  in  the  lowlands, 
throughout  the  southern  and  western  two-thirds  of  the  state.  It  is  not  known 
to  occur  in  the  northern  plateau  region,  north  of  Fort  Apache  and  the  Mogollon 
Mountains  and  east  of  Bill  Williams  Mountain  and  Cataract  Canon ;  and  until 
recently  it  was  very  rare  in  the  extreme  southeastern  corner  of  the  state,  the 
southern  half  of  Cochise  County.  Of  late  years  has  become  much  more  common 
in  the  vicinity  of  Tombstone  and  the  Dragoon  Mountains.  Occurs  in  the  latter 
range  up  to  5000  feet  (F.  C.  Willard,  MS). 

80.  Cyrtonyx  montezumae  mearnsi  Nelson. 

MEARNS  QUAIL. 

Synonyms — Cyrtonyx  masscna;  Cyrtonyx  montczwnac ;  Fool  Quail. 

Status — Found  in  the  Upper  Sonoran  and  Transition  of  central  and  south- 
eastern Arizona.  It  has  been  recorded  from  the  following  mountain  ranges: 
Chiricahua,  Huachuca,  Carmelita,  Patagonia,  Santa  Rita.  Whetstone,  Rincon, 
Santa  Catalina,  Pinal,  White  and  Mogollon  mountains.  The  most  northern  and 
western  record  is  from  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Whipple.  The  range  is  thus  very 
"spotty"  and  broken,  the  intervening  valleys  between  the  various  ranges  being, 
for  the  most  part,  entirely  unsuited  to  the  species.  The  vertical  range  is  from 
4000  to  9000  feet. 

81.  Dendragapus  obscurus  obscurus  (Say). 

DUSKY  GROUSE. 

Synonym — Canacc  obscnrus. 

Status— Common  in  the  White  Mountains  (Mearns,  18903,  p.  52).  There 
is  a  record  of  a  single  bird  seen  on  San  Francisco  Mountain  (Merriam,  1890,  p. 
89). 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  23 

82.  Meleagris  gallopavo  merriami  Nelson. 

MERRIAM  TURKEY. 

Synonyms — Mdeagris  "allopavo;  M elect gris  mc.ricaiia. 

Status — This  species  was  probably  at  one  time  pretty  gelieFally  distributed 
throughout  the  state,  south  of  the  Grand  Canon  of  the  Colorado  and  the  Little 
Colorado  River,  reaching-  its  western  limit,  in  southern  Arizona  about  the  valley 
of  the  Santa  Cruz,  in  the  north,  about  the  head  of  Bill  Williams  River.  Now 
driven  back  to  the  most  remote  mountain  ranges,  and  even  in  many  such,  nearly 
or  quite  exterminated. 

83.  Columba  fasciata  fasciata  Say. 

BAND-TAILED  PIGEON. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  in  suitable  localities  throughout  the 
state ;  that  is,  in  the  higher  mountain  ranges,  breeding  usually  above  6000  feel . 
Has  been  found  in  summer  on  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Mount  Graham,  and 
the  White,  Mogollon,  Santa  Catalina,  Huachuca,  and  Carmelita  mountains.  Is 
locally  migratory,  but  probably  to  be  found  somewhere  in  the  state  at  all  times 
of  the  year.  I  know  of  no  definite  midwinter  records. 

84.  Zenaidura  macroura  marginella  (Woodhouse). 

WESTERN  MOURNING  DOVE. 

Synonyms — Hctopistes  carolinensis ;  Zcnaidnra  carolinensis;  Zenaidura 
macroura;  Zenaidura  macroura  carolinensis. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  throughout  the  state,  occurring  in 
places  in  almost  incredible  numbers.  In  the  valley  of  the  lower  Colorado  River, 
and  locally  in  southern  Arizona,  it  is  found  throughout  the  winter. 

85  Melopelia  asiatica  tmdeaui  (Audubon). 

WHITE-WINGED  DOVE. 

Synonyms — Columba  leucoptera;  Melopelia  leucoptcra;  Melopelia  asiatica. 

Status-— A  common  summer  visitant,  locally,  in  southern  and  western  Ari- 
zona. Its  range  in  the  state  seems  to  be  restricted  to  the  valleys  of  the  lower  Col- 
orado and  Gila  rivers,  and  the  tributaries  of  the  latter  (San  Pedro,  Santa  Cnu, 
Verde,  and  Salt  rivers),  in  which  it  ranges  up  to  about  4000  feet.  Extends  at  least 
as  far  north  as  Needles  (Stephens,  1903,  p.  77), and  Fort  Whipple  (Cones,  i866a, 
p.  93).  Seen  in  small  numbers  at  Tucson  throughout  the  winter  (Bendire,  1892, 
p.  146). 

86.  Chaemepelia  passerina  pallescens  Baird. 

MEXICAN  GROUND  DOVE. 

Synonyms — Chamaepelia  passe'nna;  Columbigallina  passerina. 

Status — Locally  common  in  southern  Arizona,  ascending  the  valley  of  the 
Colorado  as  far  north  as  the  Big  Sandy  (Stephens,  1903,  p.  77),  in  the  interior  to 
Fort  Verde  (Todd,  1913,  p.  594).  It  is  partly  migratory  but  stays  through  the 
winter  in  parts  of  its  range.  Specimens  in  the  collection  of  F.  S.  Daggett  taken 
at  Fort  Lowell  in  November  and  December.  According  to  Gilman  (i9iib,  p.  54) 
it  is  a  summer  visitant  only  at  Sacaton. 


24  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

87.  Scardafella  inca   (Lesson). 

INCA  DOVE. 

Status — Exceedingly  local,  and  recorded  from  very  few  points — Tucson,  Phoe- 
nix, Florence,  Tubac  (in  the  Santa  Cruz  Valley),  and  the  Huachuca  Mountains. 
It  particularly  favors  the  towns  and  settlements,  a  trait  shared  to  some  extent  by 
the  Mexican  Ground  Dove,  and  is  probably  more  abundant  in  the  vicinity  of 
Phoenix  than  anywhere  else  in  the  state.  Reported  as  a  permanent  resident  at 
Sacaton,  Pinal  County  (Oilman,  191  ib,  p.  55). 

88.  Cathartes  aura  septentrionalis  Wied. 

TURKEY  VULTURE. 

Synonyms — Cathartes  aura;  Rhinogryphits  aura. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  throughout  the  state ;  reported  from 
many  scattered  localities,  generally  below  6000  feet :  Fort  Whipple,  summer ; 
Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  resident;  San  Francisco  and  Mogollon  mountains, 
summer;  Keam  Canon,  summer;  Huachuca  Mountains,  summer;  Santa  Rita 
Mountains,  summer.  Breeding  on  the  east  slope  of  the  Santa  Catalina  Moun- 
tains, in  the  Dragoon  Mountains,  and  in  the  Huachua  Mountains  (F.  C.  Willard, 
MS).  It  remains  during  the  winter  in  parts  of  southern  Arizona. 

89.  Circus  hudsonius   (Linnaeus). 

MARSH  HAWK. 

Synonyms — Circus  cyancus;  Circus  cyancus  var.  hudsonius. 

Status — An  abundant  migrant,  and,  in  southern  Arizona  at  least,  a  common 
winter  visitant  (Scott,  1886,  p.  422;  San  Pedro  River,  January).  Found  breed- 
ing near  Tucson  by  Bendire  (1892,  p.  185). 

90.  Accipiter  velox  (Wilson). 

SHARP-SHINNED  HAWK. 

Synonyms — Accipiter  fuscus;  Nisus  fuscus;  Accipiter  vclox  rufilatus ;  Ac- 
cipiter vclox  pacificus. 

Status — Probably  breeds  in  small  numbers  in  the  higher  mountains  through- 
out the  state,  but  though  observed  during  the  summer  months  there  are  no  de- 
finite published  statements  of  its  breeding  anywhere  in  Arizona.  Found  nesting 
in  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  a  set  of  eggs  being  taken  in  Miller  Canon,  at  an 
altitude  of  6800  feet,  May  30,  1907  (F.  C.  Willard,  MS).  It  is  a  very  common 
migrant  throughout  the  state,  and  has  been  seen  in  southern  Arizona  during  the 
winter,  at  the  San  Pedro  River  in  January  (Scott.  1886,  p.  422),  and  at  Sulphur 
Spring,  Cochise  County,  in  November  (Osgood,  1903,  p.  129). 

91.  Accipiter  cooperi  (Bonaparte). 

COOPER  HAWK. 

Synonyms — Accipiter  nie.vicanus;  Nisus  cooperi. 

Status — A  very  common  resident,  breeding  in  suitable  localities  throughout 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  25 

the  state,  in  Lower  and  Upper  Sonoran,  and  to  at  least  the  lower  edge  of  Transi- 
tion. There  are  breeding  records  from  Picacho,  Colorado  River  (Mus.  Vert. 
Zool.)  ;  Santa  Cruz  River  near  Tucson  (Swarth,  19053,  p.  25)  ;  Huachuca  Moun- 
tains (Swarth,  itp4b,  p.  6)  ;  Santa  Rita  Mountains  (Brewster,  1883^ p.  30)  ;  San- 
ta Catalina  Mountains  (Scott,  1886,  p.  422);  and  Fort  Grant  (Coues,  1868,  p. 
82).  It  remains  locally  through  the  winter. 

92.  Astur  atricapillus  atricapillus  (Wilson). 

AMERICAN  GOSHAWK. 

Synonyms — Accipitcr  atricapillus;  Accipitcr  atricapillus  striatulus. 

Status — There  are  very  few  records  of  the  occurrence  of  this  species  in  Ari- 
zona: On  San  Francisco  Mountain,  where  several  were  seen  (Merriam,  1890, 
p.  90)  ;  a  few  individuals  in  the  Mogollons  in  May  and  on  San  Francisco  Moun- 
tain in  June  (Mearns,  18903,  p.  53)  ;  and  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  where  it 
is  a  rare  migrant  (Swarth,  1904^  p.  6). 

<)3.  Parabuteo  unicinctus  harrisi  (Audubon). 

HARRIS  HAWK. 

Synonyms — Morphnns   unicinctus;   Cra.vire.v   unicinctus;   Cra.nrex   harrisii. 

Status — Recorded  from  the  Colorado  River  in  February  (Kennerly,  1859,  p. 
20) ,  and  at  Ehrenberg  in  August  ( Stephens,  1903,  p.  77) .  It  ranges  across  southern 
Arizona,  and  has  been  found  breeding  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson  (Bendire,  1892, 
p.  202),  and  at  the  east  base  of  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  where  a  set  of  eggs 
was  collected  June  i.  1907  (F.  C.  Willard,  MS).  Seen  on  the  San  Pedro  River, 
in  extreme  southeastern  Arizona,  in  February  (Willard,  igioc,  p.  no). 

94.  Buteo  borealis  calurus  Cassin. 

WESTERN  RED-TAILED  HAWK. 

Synonyms — Buteo  borealis;  Buteo  calunis;  Buteo  r.wntanus. 

Status — An  abundant  resident,  found  in  all  parts  of  the  state.  Breeds  from 
Lower  Sonoran  up  through  Transition,  exact  points  of  record  being  Rillito 
Creek  near  Tucson,  Camp  Crittenden,  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  and  the  pine 
belt  of  the  Mogollon  Mountains. 

95.  Buteo  abbreviatus  Cabanis. 

ZONE-TAILED  HAWK. 

Synonym — Buteo  zonoccrcus. 

Status — Generally  distributed  throughout  southern  Arizona.  Recorded 
from  many  localities  (Colorado  River,  Santa  Cruz  Valley,  Rincon  Mountains, 
etc.)  north  to  the  Verde  Valley,  Prescott,  and  the  Big  Sandy.  Numerous  breed- 
ing records,  mostly  in  the  Upper  Sonoran  zone:  Tucson  (Brewster,  1883,  p. 
30)  ;  New  River  (Mearns,  i886a,  p.  60)  ;  Huachuca  Mountains  (Bendire,  1887, 
p.  551)  ;  Rincon  Mountains  (Brown,  1901,  p.  392)  ;  east  slope  of  Santa  Catalina 
Mountains  (F.  C.  Willard,  MS).  Except  along  the  lower  Colorado  it  seems  to 
go  south  of  Arizona  in  the  winter.  Seen  at  Yuma  in  winter  (Price,  1899,  P-  91)- 


26  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

96.  Buteo  swainsoni  Bonaparte. 

SWAIN  SON  HAWK. 

Synonyms — Buteo  bairdi;  Btitco  insignatus;  Bntco  o.vyptcrns. 

Status — An  abundant  summer  visitant  on  the  plains  in  extreme  southeastern 
Arizona  (Tucson,  Fort  Grant,  Fort  Huachuca,  etc.)  ;  also  found  breeding  near 
Yuma  (Brown,  1903,  p.  44).  During  the  migrations  it  is  more  widely  distribut- 
ed. Has  not  been  observed  in  Arizona  during  the  winter  months. 

97.  Buteo  albicaudatus  sennetti  Allen. 
SENNETT  WHITE-TAILED  HAWK. 

Status — A  nest  found  by  G.  F.  Breninger  between  Florence  and  Red  Rock 
in  1897,  and  a  male  bird  taken  by  the  same  collector  at  Phoenix  in  the  spring  of 
1899  (1899^  p.  352).  Not  otherwise  observed  in  Arizona. 

98.  Urubitinga  anthracina  (Lichtenstein). 

MEXICAN  BLACK  HAWK. 

Status — The  only  breeding  record  is  from  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Verde,  in 
central  Arizona  (Mearns,  i886a,  p.  60).  Other  points  at  which  the  species  has 
been  observed  are  Forts  Bowie,  Lowell,  and  Huachuca.  Its  occurrence  at  Fort 
Bowie  in  February  (Fowler,  1903,  p.  70)  indicates  that  it  remains  throughout 
the  year  in  some  parts  at  least  of  southern  Arizona. 

99.  Asturina  plagiata  Schlegel. 

MEXICAN  GOSHAWK. 

Synonyms — Asturina  nitida;  Asturina  nitida  plagiata. 

Status — The  center  of  its  abundance  in  Arizona  seems  to  be  the  valley  of 
the  Santa  Cruz  River,  where  it  is  not  uncommon  during  the  summer  months.  It 
has  also  been  found  breeding  on  Rillito  Creek  (a  tributary  of  the  Santa  Cruz), 
in  the  foothills  of  the  Santa  Rita  Mountains,  on  the  San  Pedro  River,  and,  the 
westernmost  record,  on  the  Gila  River  in  the  vicinity  of  Gila  Bend  (Pember, 
1892,  p.  53). 

100.  Archibuteo  lagopus  sancti-johannis  (Gmelin). 

AMERICAN  ROUGH-LEGGED  HAWK. 

Synonym — Archibuteo  lagopus. 

Status — A  specimen  taken  by  Coues  ( i866a,  p.  48)  at  Fort  Whipple  in  the 
winter  of  1865.  Henshaw  (i875a,  pp.  163,  164)  cites  Bendire  as  having  met 
with  the  species  at  Tucson  in  winter. 

101.  Archibuteo  fernigineus  (Lichtenstein). 
FERRUGINOUS  ROUGH-LEGGED  HAWK. 

Status — Coues  (i866a,  p.  46)  found  this  species  abundant  in  winter  in  the 
vicinity  of  Fort  Whipple.  Fisher  (18933,  p.  91)  records  a  specimen  taken  at 
Fort  Verde  in  December.  The  few  other  Arizona  records  are  either  of  doubtfully 
identified  birds,  or  else  are  not  explicit  statements  of  the  place  or  manner  of  oc- 
currence. It  has  not  been  found  breeding  in  Arizona. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  27 

102.  Aquila  chrysaetos  (Linnaeus). 

GOLDEN  EAGLE. 

Synonyms — Aquila  canadcnsis;  Aquila  chrysaetus  var.  canadcnsis. 

Status — A  fairly  common  resident  of  the  higher  mountain  ranges  in  northern 
Arizona,  and  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  state  south  to  the  Mexican  boundary  line. 
Found  breeding  at  Prescott  (Coues,  i892b,  p.  201)  ;  reported  as  resident  in  the 
Santa  Catalina  Mountains  (Scott,  1886,  p.  423),  and  in  the  Huachuca  Moun- 
tains (Swarth,  i9O4b,  p.  7)  ;  an  old  nest  seen  in  the  latter  range  (Swarth  MS). 
Recorded  from  various  other  scattered  localities :  in  summer,  San  Francisco 
Mountain,  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  Keam  Canon,  etc. ;  in  fall  and  winter, 
Grand  Canon,  Fort  Whipplc,  Huachuca  Mountains,  etc.  Not  observed  anywhere 
in  the  western  deserts. 

103.  Haliaeetus  leucocephalus  leucocephalus  (Linnaeus). 

BALD  EAGLE. 

Status — Reported  by  Mearns  (18903,  p.  53)  as  breeding  at  Stoneman's 
Lake,  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains.  Cones  met  with  it  at  Fort  Whipple,  and 
Henshaw  at  Fort  Apache  in  southeastern  Arizona;  a  specimen  is  listed  by  Fisher 
(18933,  p.  97)  as  collected  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains  in  January. 

104.  Falco  mexicanus  Schlegel. 

PRAIRIE  FALCON. 

Synonyms — Falco  polyagrus;  Falco  lanarius  var.  polyagnts;  Falco  scikcr  var. 
polyagrns. 

Status — Fairly  common  resident  throughout  the  state;  reported  from  many 
different  points,  winter  and  summer.  Found  breeding  on  San  Francisco  Moun- 
tain (Merriam,  1890,  p.  90),  and  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains  (Howard,  1902, 
p.  57),  and  an  occupied  nesting  site  observed  on  the  Colorado  River  near  the 
mouth  of  Bill  Williams  River  in  the  spring  of  1910  (Mns.  Vert.  Zool.). 

105.  Falco  peregrinus  anatum  Bonaparte. 

DUCK  HAWK. 

Synonyms — Falco  anatum;  Falco  nigriccps;  Falco  communis  var.  anatum. 

Status — Resident  and  apparently  common  in  the  mountains  of  central  Ari- 
zona (Mearns,  18903,  p.  54).  In  the  more  southern  parts  of  the  state  it  is  a 
rather  uncommon  migrant. 

106.  Falco  columbarius  columbarius  Linnaeus. 

PIGEON  HAWK. 

Synonym — Hypotriorchis  columbarius. 

Status — I  know  of  no  instance  of  this  species  breeding  in  Arizona.  It  oc- 
curs as  a  fairly  common  migrant,  and,  in  some  localities,  possibly  as  a  winter  visi- 
tant. 


28  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

107.  Falco  columbarius  richardsoni  Ridgway. 

RICHARDSON  MERLIN. 

Synonyms — Falco  richardsoni;  Falco  aesalon. 

Status — Cooper  secured  an  adult  female  at  Fort  Mohave,  January  21,  1861 
(  Mus.  Vert.  Zool.,  no.  4388),  and  Fisher  (18933,  p.  114)  lists  one  collected 
at  Fort  Verde,  December  9,  1887,  the  only  definite  records  I  know  of  for  Arizona. 
Coues'  (i866a,  p.  42)  comments  on  Falco  aesalon  undoubtedly  refer  to  this 
species,  but  give  no  clue  as  to  its  status  in  the  region  he  explored. 

108.  Falco  fusco-caerulescens  Vieillot. 

APLOMADO  FALCON. 

Synonyms — Falco  fcmoralis;  Hypotriorchis  fcmoralis. 

Status — Formerly,  at  least,  a  fairly  common  •summer  visitant  in  extreme 
southeastern  Arizona.  Henshaw  ( i875b,  p.  413)  observed  it  in  this  region  in 
1874,  and  Bendire  (1887,  p.  552)  describes  its  nesting  near  Fort  Huachuca.  Has 
been  met  with  but  seldom  of  late  years.  One  seen  on  the  San  Pedro  River,  near 
Fairbanks,  February  13,  1910  (Willard,  I9ioc,  p.  no). 

109.  Falco  sparverius  sparverius  Linnaeus. 

AMERICAN  SPARROW  HAWK. 

Synonyms — Tinnuncvlus  sparverius;  Falco  sparverius  deserticolus ;  Falco 
sparverius  pholoena. 

Status — An  abundant  resident  of  general  distribution,  breeding  both  in  the 
valleys  and  in  the  mountains.  There  are,  among  ethers,  breeding  records  from 
Fort  Whipple,  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  Huachuca  Mountains,  Mogollon  Moun- 
tains, and  Santa  Cruz  River  near  Tucson,  these  points  being  variously  in  the  Lower 
Sonoran,  Upper  Sonoran,  and  Transition  zones.  It  is  locally  migratory,  but  prob- 
ably to  be  found  in  most  of  the  lower  valleys  during  the  winter.  Explicit  winter 
records  are  from  Fort  Whipple,  Tucson,  Sulphur  Spring  Valley,  and  the  San 
Pedro  River. 

no.  Polyborus  cheriway  (Jacquin). 

AUDUBON  CARACARA. 

Synonyms — Polyborus  tharus ;  Polyborus  audubonii;  Polyborus  tharus  var. 
auduboni. 

Status — Apparently  not  common.  Reported  from  the  vicinity  of  Tucson  in 
summer,  and  from  Yuma,  doubtfully  identified  by  Price  (1899,  p.  91),  and  the  Salt 
River  (Fisher,  18933,  p.  128)  in  winter.  Found  breeding  sixteen  miles  south- 
west of  Tucson  by  Herbert  Brown  (Bendire,  1892,  p.  317). 

in.  Pandion  haliaetus  carolinensis  (  Gmelin ) . 

AMERICAN  OSPREY. 

Synonym — Pandion  carolinensis. 

Status — There  seem  to  be  no  breeding  records  for  the  state  though  specimens 
have  been  taken  in  the  summer  months  (see  Fisher,  18933,  p.  130).  Reported 
from  scattered  localities  throughout  Arizona  during  the  migrations,  usually 
along  the  larger  streams. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  29 

112.  Aluco  pratincola  (Bonaparte). 

AMERICAN  BARN  OWL 

Synonyms — Stri.v  pratincola;  Strix  americana;  Strix  flammed  var.  ameri- 
cana;  Stri.v  flammed;  Aluco  flammcns  pratincola. 

Status — Probably  most  abundant  in  the  central  portions  of  the  state.  Coues 
(  i866a,  p.  49)  states  that  it  is  a  common  resident  at  Fort  Whipple,  and  Fisher 
(18933.  p.  132)  lists  numerous  specimens  from  Fort  Verde,  taken  in  May,  July, 
October  and  December.  There  are  no  records  from  the  northern  plateau  region, 
and  in  southern  Arizona  it  is  rare.  Found  breeding  at  Tombstone  on  several 
occasions  (F.  C.  Willard,  MS).  Found  breeding  also  near  Pilot  Knob,  on  the 
Colorado  River  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.)  .  This  was  on  the  California  side  of  the 
stream,  but  in  the  absence  of  Arizona  records  from  the  region,  may  be  cited  as 
evidence  of  the  manner  of  occurrence  of  the  species  in  this  valley. 

113.  Asio  wilsonianus   (Lesson). 

AMERICAN  LONG-EARED  OWL. 

Synonyms — Otns  amcricanns;  Ottis  wilsonianus;  Otus  vulgaris  var.  wil- 
sonianus; Asio  amcricanus. 

Status — Apparently  of  rare  occurrence.  Reported  during  the  migrations 
and  in  the  winter,  from  various  scattered  localities  throughout  the  state :  Fort 
Whipple ;  Tucson,  February ;  Fort  Verde,  January,  February ;  Sulphur  Spring, 
April ;  Fort  Huachuca,  April. 

114.  Asio  flammeus  (Pontopiddan). 

SHORT-EARED  OWL. 

Synonyms — Strigiccps  uliginosus;  Brachyotus  cassinii;  Otus  brachyotus; 
Asio  accipitn'inis. 

Status — A  migrant  and  winter  visitant.  Reported  from  Fort  Whipple,  Colo- 
rado River,  Fort  Bowie,  Gila  Bend,  and  Sulphur  Spring  Valley.  Met  with  by 
but  a  few  observers,  and  in  small  numbers,  except  as  reported  by  Coues  (i866a, 
p.  5O\  who  found  it  common  on  the  Colorado  River. 

115.  Strix  occidentalis  huachucae  Swarth. 

ARIZONA  SPOTTED  OWL. 

Synonyms — Syrniiim  accident  ale;  Stri.v  occidentalis. 

Status — A  resident,  probably  not  very  uncommon,  in  the  higher  mountains 
of  southeastern  Arizona.  There  seem  to  be  published  records  of  its  occurrence 
only  from  the  vicinity  of  Tucson  (Ridgway,  1874,  p.  239;  Bendire,  1892,  p.  343) 
and  from  the  Huachuca  Mountains  (Swarth,  i9iob,  p.  i). 

TI  6.  Cryptoglaux  acadica  acadica  (Gmelin). 

SAW-WHET  OWL. 

Synonym — Nyctale  acadica. 

Status — Known  only  from  the  record  by  Mearns  (i89Oa,  p.  54),  who  found 
it  breeding  on  San  Francisco  Mountain. 


30  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

117.  Otus  asio  cineraceus  (Ridgway). 

MEXICAN  SCREECH  OWL. 

Synonyms — Scops  mccalli,  part ;  Megascops  asio  trichopsis,  part ;  Mcgascops 
asio  cine-roc  ens,  part;  Scops  asio,  part;  Scops  asio  var.  maccialli,  part. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  Upper  Sonoran  zone  in  southern  Ari- 
zona. It  has  not  been  found  on  the  plateau  region  of  northeastern  Arizona. 

118.  Otus  asio  gilmani  Swarth. 

SAHUARO  SCREECH  OWL. 

Synonyms — Scops  mccalli,  part;  Scops  asio;  Sfops  asio  var.  maccalli,  part; 
Scops  asio  trichopsis;  Scops  trichopsis;  Megascops  asio  trichopsis,  part;  Megas- 
cops asio  cineraceus,  part;  Otus  trichopsis,  part. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  hot  Lower  Sonoran  valleys  of  southern 
and  western  Arizona.  Ranges  east  to  Tucson  and  the  valley  of  the  Santa  Cruz 
River,  west  to  the  Colorado  River ;  it  ascends  the  latter  stream  at  least  as  far  as 
Fort  Mohave  (a  specimen  collected  by  Cooper  at  Fort  Mohave,  February  24, 
1861,  Yio.  4395,  coll.  Univ.  Calif.  Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

119.  Otus  trichopsis  (Wagler). 

SPOTTED  SCREECH  OWL. 

Synonyms — Megascops  aspersus;  Megascops  trichopsis. 

Status — The  Huachuca  Mountains  seems  to  be  the  only  place  in  the  United 
States  where  this  species  has  been  found,  though  it  undoubtedly  occurs  also  in 
some  of  the  neighboring  mountain  ranges.  In  the  Huachucas  it  is  known  as  a 
rare  summer  visitant,  about  ten  specimens  having  been  secured.  A  set  of  three 
eggs  taken  in  that  range  on  June  19,  1901,  by  G.  F.  Breninger,  and  now  in  the 
collection  of  the  Field  Museum  of  Natural  History,  establishes  a  breeding  rec- 
ord for  the  region.  The  parent  bird  being  taken  with  the  set  (no.  16234  coll.  Field 
Mus.  Nat.  Hist.)  renders  the  identity  unquestionable. 

1 20.  Otus  flammeolns  (Kaup). 

FLAM  MULATP:D(  SCREECII\  OWL. 

Synonyms — Scops  flammeola;  Megascops  flammeolns. 

Status — Probably  a  fairly  common  summer  visitant  of  the  higher  mountains 
throughout  the  state.  Specimens  have  been  secured  at  the  G:rand  Canon  (Mer- 
riam,  1890,  p.  39),  near  Camp  Apache  (Henshaw,  i875b,  p.  406),  in  the  Huachuca 
Mountains  (Swarth,  1904^  p.  9),  and  in  the  Chiricahua  Mountains  (specimen  in 
Mus.  Vert.  Zool.).  It  has  been  found  breeding  in  the  Huachucas  (Willard,  icpgc, 
p.  199). 

121.  Bubo  virginianus  pallescens  Stone. 

WESTERN  HORNED  OWL. 

Synonyms — Bubo  magellanicus;  Bubo  virginianus;  Bubo  virginianus  pacifi- 
cus;  Asio  magellanicus  pallescens;  Bubo  magellanicus  pallescens;  Bubo  vir- 
ginianus var.  arcticus;  Bubo  virginianus  subarcticus;  Bubo  virginianus  saturatus; 
Asio  magellanicus  pacificus. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  31 

Status — A  fairly  common  resident,  reported  from  all  parts  of  the  state. 
Found  in  Lower  Sonoran  (Tucson,  Gila  River,  etc.),  Transition  (Huachuca 
Mountains,  Hualpai  Mountains)  and  Boreal  (spruce  belt  of  San  Francisco 
Mountain:  Merriam,  1890,  p.  91). 

122.  Speotyto  cunicularia  hypogaea  (Bonaparte). 

BURROWING  OWL. 

Synonyms — Athene  hypugaca;  Athene  cunicularia. 

Status — Irregularly  and  locally  distributed  throughout  the  valleys  of  the 
state.  In  general  it  may  be  said  to  be  common  where  the  Prairie  Dog  (Cynomys) 
is  found,  in  the  lower  Sonoran  valleys  of  northeastern  and  southeastern  Arizona, 
and  decidedly  rare  elsewhere.  Sparingly  distributed  across  the  plains  oi:  south- 
western Arizona. 

123.  Glaucidium  gnoma  pinicola  Nelson. 
,  ROCKY  MOUNTAIN\PIGMY  OWL. 

Synonyms — Glaucidium   passeri'ium    var.     calif ornicum,    part;     Glaucidium 

gnoma. 

Status — A  resident  in  the  Transition  zone  of  the  higher  mountains  through- 
out the  state.  Reported  from  many  scattered  localities :  Prescott,  San  Francisco 
Mountain,  Huachuca  Mountains,  Chiricahua  Mountains,  Mogollon  Mountains, 
White  Mountains. 

124.  Glaucidium  phaloenoides  (Daudin). 

FERRUGINOUS  PIGMY  OWL. 

Synonyms — Glaucidium  ferntgincum;  Glaucidium  passe  rinum  var.  calif or- 
11  leu  in,  part. 

Status — Apparently  restricted  to  the  valley  of  the  upper  Gila  Rivtr,  and  its 
tributaries  (Salt  River,  Santa  Cruz  River,  etc.),  where  it  is  not  uncommon.  Has 
not  been  taken  west  of  Gila  Bend.  A  bird  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  almost  ex- 
clusively. Probably  resident,  though  I  know  of  no  definite  winter  records. 

125.  Micropallas  whitneyi  (Cooper). 

ELF  OWL. 

Synonyms — Athene  whitneyi;  Micrathenc  whitneyi. 

Status — A  common  species  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  in  southern  Arizona, 
from  the  valley  of  the  Santa  Cruz,  and  the  Catalina  Mountains,  west  to  the  Col- 
orado River ;  north  along  the  latter  to  the  Big  Sandy  River  ( Stephens,  1903,  p. 
101)  and  Fort  Mohave  (Cooper,  1861,  p.  118).  During  the  breeding  season  it 
is  almost  entirely  restricted  to  the  region  occupied  by  the  giant  cactus.  There  is, 
however,  a  breeding  record  from  the  Huachuca  Mountains  (Fisher,  1904,  p.  80). 
It  is  probably  migratory  to  some  extent,  as  the  records  from  scattering  points  out- 
side the  proper  breeding  range  would  indicate :  Fort  Mohave,  April ;  Dragoon 
Mountains,  April;  Fort  Bowie,  October;  etc. 


32  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

126.  Rhynchopsitta  pachyrhyncha  (Swainson). 

THICK-BILLED  PARROT. 

Status — Known  only  as  an  irregular,  occasionally  abundant,  mid-summer 
visitant  to  the  Chiricahua  Mountains  (see  Lusk,  1900,  p  129;  Smith,  19073,  p. 
104). 

127.  Crotophaga  sulcirostris  Swainson. 

GROOVE-BILLED  ANI. 

Status — A  single  bird  recorded  as  taken  near  the  Huachuca  Mountains  in 
May,  1888  (Poling,  1891,  p.  313). 

128.  Geococcyx  calif ornianus  (Lesson). 

ROADRUNNER. 

Synonym — Geococcyx  viaticns. 

Status — A  fairly  common  resident  of  the  valleys  and  foothills  below  Transi- 
tion. Reported  from  many  low  zone  localities  in  all  parts  of  the  state.  Probably 
breeds  mainly  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone,  wandering  to  somewhat  higher  alti- 
tudes in  late  summer. 

129.  Coccyzus  americanus  occidentalis  Ridgway. 

CALIEORNIA  CUCKOO. 

Synonym — Coccyzus  am  ericanus. 

Status — A  summer  visitant,  fairly  common,  but  of  irregular  distribution. 
It  is  found  in  the  valleys  of  southern  Arizona,  along  the  Gila  River  and  its  trib- 
utaries, and  also  along  the  Colorado  River,  but  has  not  been  detected  in  the  high 
plateau  region  of  northeastern  Arizona.  Breeds  mainly  in  the  Lower  Sonoran 
zone,  but  also,  in  limited  numbers,  in  Upper  Sonoran  almost  to  the  lower  edge 
of  Transition  (Swarth,  1904^  p.  10). 

130.  Trogon  ambiguus  Gould. 

COPPERY-TAILED  TROGON. 

Status — A  rare  and  irregular  summer  visitant  in  the  Transition  of  some  of 
the  higher  mountains  of  extreme  southern  Arizona.  Reported  from  the  Huach- 
ucas  (Ridgway,  18873,  p.  161  ;  i887b,  p.  147;  Fowler,  1903,  p.  69;  etc.),  the 
San  Luis  Mountains  (Ridgway,  1911,  p.  771)  and,  doubtfully,  from  the  Santa 
Catalina  Mountains  (Scott,  1886,  p.  425)'. 

131.  Ceryle  alcyon  alcyon  (Linnaeus). 

BELTED  KINGFISHER. 

Status — A  fairly  common  migrant  in  all  parts  of  Arizona.  Although  report- 
ed as  a  permanent  resident,  or  as  a  summer  visitant,  by  several  observers  (Coues, 
i866a,  p.  59;  vScott.  1886,  p.  425;  Bendire,  1895,  p.  34),  I  know  of  no  specific 
instance  of  a  nest  having  been  found.  Remains  through  the  winter  in  some  of 
the  warmer  southern  valleys:  Tucson  (Scott.  1.  c.),  Colorado  River,  below  Yuma 
(Price.  1899,  p.  92). 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  33 

132.  Ceryle  americana  septentrionalis  Sharpe. 

TEXAS  KINGFISHER. 

Synonym — Ceryle   americana. 

Status — Coues  (i866c,  p.  263)  observed  this  species  at  points  on  the  Col- 
orado River  between  Forts  Mohave  and  Yuma,  in  September,  1865.  Since  that 
time  it  was  not  again  met  with  until  February  13,  1910,  when  F.  C.  Willard  se- 
cured a  single  specimen,  an  adult  male,  on  the  San  Pedro  River,  near  Fairbanks 
(Willard,  igioc,  p.  no).  This  specimen  is  now  in  the  University  of  California 
Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zoology  (no.  13990). 

133.  Dryobates  villosus  leacothorectis  Oberholser. 

WHITE-BREASTED  WOODPECKER. 

Synonyms — Picns  harnsii;  Picus  villosus  harrisi;  Dryobates  villosus  har- 
risi; Dcndrocopus  harrisi;  Dryobates  viiiostts  hyloscopus;  Dryobates  villosus 
icastus. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  higher  mountains  throughout  the  state. 
Breeds  in  the  Canadian  and  Transition  zones,  but  is  of  occasional  occurrence  in 
winter  in  some  of  the  lower  valleys:  Verde  Valley  in  winter  (Mearns,  18903, 
p.  251)  ;  Tucson,  winter  (Bendire,  1895,  p.  53). 

134.  Dryobates  pubescens  homorus  Cabanis  and  Heine. 

BATCHELDER  WOODPECKER. 

Synonyms — Picus  pubescens;  Picus  gairdneri;  Picus  pubescens  gairdneri; 
Dryobates  pubescens  gairdneri;  Dryobates  pubescens  oreoecus. 

Status — There  are  br.t  few  records  of  the  occurrence  of  this  species  in  Ari- 
zona. Henshaw  (1875!),  p.  388)  met  with  it  on  the  Gila  River  in  October,  Scott 
(1886,  p.  426)  secured  a  single  specimen  at  Riverside  (also  on  the  Gila  River)  in 
April,  1882,  while  Mearns  (18903,  p.  252)  found  it  breeding  sparingly  in  the 
pine  and  spruce  zones  of  the  San  Francisco  and  Mogollon  mountains. 

135.  Dryobates  scalaris  cactophilus  Oberholser. 

CACTUS  WOODPECKER. 

Synonyms — Picus  scalaris ;  Dryobates  scalaris;  Dryobates  scalaris  bairdi. 

Status- — A  common  resident  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  throughout  south- 
ern and  western  Arizona.  It  ranges  north  to  Fort  Apache,  the  south  base  of  the 
Mogollon  Mountains,  and  Fort  Whipple ;  along  the  Colorado  River  still  farther 
north:  confluence  of  Beaverdam  and  Virgin  rivers  (Fisher,  1893^  p.  47). 

136.  Dryobates  arizonae  (Hargitt). 

ARIZONA  WOODPECKER. 

Synonyms — Picus  stricklandi;  Dryobates  stricklandi;  Picus  arizonae ;  Den- 
drocopus  arizonae. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  live-oak  belt  of  the  mountains  of  the  ex- 
treme southeastern  corner  of  the  state.  Reported  from  the  Santa  Rita,  Chirica- 
hua,  Huachuca,  Whetstone,  and  Rincon  mountains,  and  the  east  slope  of  the  San- 
ta Catalina  Mountains. 


34  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

137.  Picoides  americanus  dorsalis  Baird. 
ALPINE  THREE-TOED  WOODPECKER. 

Status — A  resident  of  the  Canadian  zone  (pine  and  spruce  belts)  of  the 
White,  Mogollon  and  San  Francisco  mountains  (Henshaw,  187513,  p.  391  ; 
Mearns,  18903,  p.  252). 

138.  Sphyrapicus  varius  nuchalis  Baird. 

RED-NAPED  SAPSUCKER. 

Synonyms — Picus  varius;  Sphyrapicus  varius;  Sphyrapicus  nuchalis. 

Status — A  fairly  common  migrant,  and,  in  extreme  southern  Arizona  and 
along  the  Colorado  River,  a  winter  visitant.  It  has  several  times  been  reported 
as  "resident"  in  northern  Arizona,  but  I  know  of  no  authentic  breeding  record. 

139.  Sphyrapicus  thyroideus  (Cassin). 

WILLIAMSON  SAPSUCKER. 

Synonym — Sphyrapicus  zvilliatnsonii. 

Status — Common  resident  in  the  Canadian  zone  of  the  higher  parts  of  the 
White,  Mogollon  and  San  Francisco  mountains  (Mearns,  18903,  p.  252).  Farther 
south  it  is  a  fairly  common  migrant  and  winter  visitant  in  the  mountains,  while  it 
has  once  been  reported  from  the  Colorado  River,  at  Fort  Mohave  (Cooper,  1861, 
p.  121). 

140.  Melanerpes  erythrocephalus  (Linnaeus). 

RED-HEADED  WOODPECKER. 

Status — A  single  specimen  was  taken  by  Price  in  the  Chiricahua  Mountains, 
in  the  spring  of  1894  (Bendire,  1895,  p.  107).  This  is  the  only  record  for  Ari- 
zona. 

141.  Melanerpes  formicivorus  aculeatus  Mearns. 

MEARNS  WOODPECKER. 

Synonyms — Melanerpes  formicivorus;  Melanerpes  fonnicivorus  bairdi; 
Melanerpes  melanopogon,  part;  Balanosphyra  fonuicx'ora  aculeata. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  live-oak  regions.  In  northern  Arizona 
ranges  from  the  Grand  Canon  of  the  Colorado  (Mcrriam,  1890,  p.  39),  and  Bill 
Williams  Mountain  (Wetmore,  1908,  p.  379) — but  not  on  S?.n  Francisco  Moun- 
tain (see  Merriam,  1890,  p.  92) — west  to  the  Hualpai  Mountains  (Stephens, 
1903,  p.  101)  and  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  55)  ;  extends  southeastward- 
ly  throughout  the  state,  on  the  southern  boundary  ranging  west  to  the  Santa  Rita 
Mountains.  .  Absent  from  the  arid  southwestern  portion,  all  that  would  be  south 
and  west  of  a  line  drawn  from  the  Hualpai  to  the  Santa  Rita  Mountains.  Re- 
ported as  a  straggler  at  Sacaton,  September  5,  1910  (Oilman,  19113,  p.  35). 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  35 

142.  Asyndesmus  lewisi  Riley. 

LEWIS  WOODPECKER. 

Synonyms— Celeus  torqnatits;  Melanerpes  torqnatits;  Asyndesmus  torqita- 
tits. 

Status—Mentioned  by  Merriam  (1890,  p.  92)  as  breeding  in  the  pinon  and 
cedar  belt  on  San  Francisco  Mountain.  Elsewhere  in  Arizona  it  has  been  noted 
as  an  erratic  visitant,  present  in  numbers  one  year,  and  absent  the  next,  but  apt  to 
occur  almost  anywhere. 

143.  Centurus  uropygialis  Baird. 

GILA  WOODPECKER. 

Synonyms — Melanerpes  uropygialis. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  in  southern  and 
western  Arizona.  In  the  eastern  part  of  the  state  it  does  not  range  north  of  the 
Salt  River,  but  it  ascends  the  Colorado  at  least  to  Fort  Mohave ;  of  occasional  oc- 
currence at  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  54).  It  is  practically  restricted  to 
such  parts  of  the  valleys  of  the  Gila  River  and  its  tributaries  as  lie  in  the  Lower 
Sonoran  zone,  and  to  the  valley  of  the  lower  Colorado  River. 

144.  Colaptes  cafer  collaris  Vigors. 

RED- SHAFTED  FLICKER. 

Synonyms — Colaptes  nibricatus;  Colaptes  me.vicanits;  Colaptes  aiiratus  mexi- 
camts;  Colaptes  cafer. 

Status — Common  resident,  breeding  in  Upper  Sonoran  and  Transition. 
Breeding  records  from  the  Santa  Catalina,  Mogollon,  Hualpai,  Huachuca  and 
Santa  Rita  mountains.  During  the  migrations  and  in  the  winter  it  is  quite  gener- 
ally distributed. 

145.  Colaptes  chrysoides  mearnsi  Ridgway. 

MEARNS  GILDED  FLICKER. 

Synonyms — Colaptes  ayresii;  Colaptes  chrysoides. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  in  parts  of  south- 
ern and  western  Arizona,  extending  east  to  the  Santa  Rita  and  the  east  slope  of 
the  Santa  Catalina  mountains,  north  to  Fort  Mohave.  Its  range  is  almost  ab- 
solutely coextensive  with  that  of  the  giant  cactus,  the  easternmost  limit  of  the 
species,  some  twenty-five  miles  southeast  of  Tucson,  being  abruptly  defined  along 
the  line  marking  the  edge  of  the  territory  where  the  cactus  grows.  West  of  the 
Santa  Rita  Mountains  in  the  giant  cactus  region,  the  gilded  flicker  is  abundant, 
east  of  that  range  it  is  unknown.  On  the  Colorado  River  it  occurs  at  the  few 
points  where  the  cactus  is  found,  but  it  has  also  been  taken  in  different  associa- 
tions, as  at  Fort  Mohave  (Cooper,  1861,  p.  121). 


36  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

146.  Antrostomus  vocifems  macromystax  (Wagler). 

STEPHENS  WHIP-POOR-WILL. 

Synonyms — Antrostomus  vocifems;  Antrostomus  vociferus  arisonae. 

Status — A  fairly  common  summer  visitant  in  some  of  the  higher  mountains 
of  southeastern  Arizona.  Found  in  high  Upper  Sonoran  and  Transition  zones  in 
the  Chiricahua,  Santa  Rita,  Graham,  Huachuca  and  Whetstone  mountains.  Re- 
ported once  from  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  in  April  (Scott,  1886,  p.  429). 

147.  Phalaenoptilus  nuttallii  nuttallii  (Audubon). 

POORWILL. 

Synonyms — Caprimulgus  nuttallii;  Antrostomus  nuttallii;  Phalaenoptilus 
nuttalli  nitidus. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  throughout  the  state.  Definite  breed- 
ing records  from  Arizona  are  rare,  but  the  birds  have  been  taken  or  observed  in 
the  breeding  season  in  Lower  Sonoran,  Upper  Sonoran,  and  the  lower  part  of 
the  Transition  zone.  It  has  been  found  in  December  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson 
(Bendire,  1895,  p.  153). 

148.  Chordeiles  virglnianus  henryi  Cassin. 

WESTERN  NIGHTHAWK. 

Synonyms — Chordeiles  virginianus;  Chordeiles  popetue ;  Chordeiles  henryi, 
part;  Chordeiles  popetue  henryi. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  of  the  higher  mountains  throughout  the 
state:  Flagstaff,  Fort  Whipple,  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Hualpai  Mountains. 
Keam  Canon,  Whetstone  Mountains,  Huachuca  Mountains.  Apparently  does  not 
occur  below  Upper  Sonoran,  even  in  the  migrations.  Has  not  been  observed  any- 
where in  southwestern  Arizona. 

149.  Chordeiles  acutipennis  texensis  Lawrence. 

TEXAS   NlGHTHAVVK. 

Synonyms — Chordeiles  texensis;  Chordeiles  henryi,  part. 

Status — An  abundant  summer  visitant  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  in  south- 
ern and  western  Arizona.  In  the  eastern  part  of  the  state  it  apparently  does  not 
occur  north  of  the  Gila  River;  in  the  west  it  extends  to  a  point  some  fifty  miles 
south  of  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  58),  and,  along  the  valley  of  the  Col- 
orado River,  quite  to  the  northern  boundary  of  the  state:  mouth  of  Beaverdam 
Creek  (Fisher,  i893b,  p.  53). 

150.  Chaetura  vauxi  (Townsend). 

VAUX  SWIFT. 

Synonym — A  ca  n  th  ylis  pelasgia. 

Status — Apparently  a  rare  migrant  in  Arizona ;  has  been  observed  at  but  a 
few  points.  Seen  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  in  October  (Scott.  1886,  p. 
429),  at  the  Pima  Indian  Reservation  on  the  Gila  River,  in  September  (Bren- 
inger,  19013,  p.  45),  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains  in  May  (Swarth,  1904^  p. 
16),  and  along  the  Colorado  River  at  Potholes,  Yunia,  and  Pilot  Knob,  in  April 
and  May  (Mns.  Vert.  Zool.). 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  37 

151.  Aeronautes  melanoleucus   (Baird). 

Wll  ITE-THROATED   Sw  IFT. 

Synonyms — Acanthylis  sa.vatalis;  Cypsehis  melanoleucus;  Panyptila  melano- 
lcv.cn;  Micropus  melanoleucus. 

Status — Breeds  commonly  on  rocky  cliffs  and  precipices  throughout  the 
state.  Re-mains  through  the  winter  in  parts  at  least  of  southern  and  western  Ari- 
zona. 

1^2.  Eugenes  fulgens   (Swainson). 

RIVOLI  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  of  some  of  the  higher  mountains  of 
southeastern  Arizona.  While  apparently  most  numerous  in  the  Huachuca  and 
Chiricahua  mountains,  it  has  been  reported  from  the  Santa  Ritas,  the  San  Luis 
Mountains,  the  Santa  Catalinas  (one  specimen,  Rhoads,  1892,  p.  1^17),  and 
Mount  Graham  (Henshaw,  1875!},  p.  379),  the  latter  being  probably  its  northern 
limit.  The  vertical  breeding  range — where  the  nests  are  located — is  about  from 
5000  to  7000  feet,  but  the  adult  males  are  usually  to  be  found  in  high  Transition, 
above  8000  feet. 

153.  Cyanolaemus  clemenciae  (Lesson). 

BLUE-THROATED  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Synonym — Cocligcna  clemenciae. 

Status — A  rather  uncommon  summer  visitant  in  the  damp  shady  canons  of 
the  mountain  ranges  of  southeastern  Arizona.  Has  been  found  in  the  Santa  Cata- 
iin?,  Santa  Rita,  Chiricahua,  San  Luis,  and  Huachuca  mountains.  Nests  and 
eggs  have  been  secrred  in  the  last  mentioned  range  (see  Breninger,  1903,  p.  435; 
Willard,  1911,  p.  46). 

154.  Archilochus  alexandri  (Bourcier  and  Mulsant). 

BLACK-CHIN  NED  HUMMINGPIRB. 

Synonym — Tro chillis  ale.randri. 

Status — Very  common  summer  visitant,  found  generally  in  foothill  country 
and  along  wooded  streams.  Ranges  north  into  the  Mogollon  Mountains  in  cen- 
tral Arizona,  where  Mearns  ( i89oa,  p.  255)  found  it  breeding  in  the  pine  belt, 
casually  still  farther  north:  i  specimen,  Keam  Canon,  July  31  (Fisher,  1903,  p. 
35).  Breeds  along  the  Colorado  River  to  the  northern  boundary  of  the  state. 

155.  Calypte  costae  (Bourcier). 

COSTA  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Synonyms — Selasphonis  costae;  Atthis  costae ;  Trochilus  costae. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  in  southern 
and  western  Arizona :  reported  north  to  Fort  Grant  and  Tucson  in  the  east,  and 
to  Fort  Mohave  on  the  Colorado  River.  A  few  seem  to  remain  through  the  win- 
ter as  it  has  been  found  both  at  Bill  Williams  River  (Baird,  1858,  p.  138)  and  in 
'the  extreme  southwestern  corner  of  Arizona  (Bendire,  1895,  p.  202)  in  Febru- 
ary. Though  found  breeding  only  at  low  altitudes,  it  is  of  common  occurrence 
in  the  high  mountains  during  the  migrations,  especially  in  the  late  summer : 
Huachuca  Mountains,  5500  feet,  July  (Swarth,  1904^  p.  17). 


38  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

156.  Calypte  anna  (Lesson). 

ANNA  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Synonym — Trochilus  anna. 

Status — A  rare  autumnal  visitant,  reported  from  Camp  Grant  in  September 
(Henshaw,  1875!),  p.  375),  from  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  in  October  (Scott, 
1886,  p.  431),  and  from  the  Huachuca  Mountains  in  October  (Fisher,  1904,  p. 
80). 

157.  Selasphorus  platycercus  (Swainson). 

BROAD-TAILED  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Synonym — Trochilus  platycercus. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  the  higher  parts  of  the  Transition  zone 
and  upward,  throughout  Arizona ;  reported  from  practically  all  of  the  higher 
mountain  ranges  visited  by  collectors :  White  Mountains,  Camp  Grant,  Santa 
Catalina  Mountains,  Mogollon  Mountains,  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Hualpai 
Mountains,  Huachuca  Mountains,  Santa  Rita  Mountains.  But  one  lowland  rec- 
ord:  Sulphur  Spring  Valley  (Osgood,  1903,  p.  130). 

158.  Selasphorus  rufus  (Gmelin). 

RUFOUS  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Synonyms — Polytmus  rufus;   Trochilus  rufus. 

Status — During  the  late  summer  this  species  is  an  exceedingly  common  mi- 
grant in  the  higher  mountains  of  the  state.  As  it  appears  in  numbers  early  in 
July  it  has  been  occasionally  reported  as  a  "summer  resident",  but  it  undoubtedly 
does  not  breed  anywhere  in  Arizona.  It  is  of  comparatively  rare  occurrence  in 
the  spring. 


159.  Selasphorus  alleni  Henshaw. 

ALLEN  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Synonym —  Trochilus  alleni. 

Status — A  rare  visitant:  A  male  secured  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains, 
July  23,  1884  (Scott,  1886,  p.  431)  ;  specimens  taken  in  the  vicinity  of  Bisbee  in 
August  and  September  (Allen,  1893,  p.  36)  ;  and  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains  in 
July,  in  1896  and  in  1902  (Swarth,  1904^  p.  19).  These  are  all  the  records  for 
Arizona. 

The  Allen  and  Anna  hummingbirds  probably  belong  in  the  same  category  in 
their  manner  of  occurrence  in  Arizona:  species  that  occasionally  wander  to  this 
exceptional  distance  only  at  the  period  of  general  dispersal  in  the  late  summer. 
They  can  hardly  be  regarded  as  migrants,  following  a  fixed  path  to  a  definite  des- 
tination. 


3914 


BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  39 


160.  Atthis  heloisa  morcomi  Ridgway. 

MORCOM  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Synonym — Atthis  morcomi. 

Status— Known  only  from  two  adult  females  secured  by_H.  G.  Rising  in 
Ramsay  Canon,  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  July  2,  1896  ( see  THdgway,  i8o,8b, 
p.  325).  One  of  these  two  birds,  the  type,  is  in  the  United  States  National  Mu- 
seum" the  second  is  in  the  University  of  California  Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zool- 
ogy (no.  10299). 

161.  Stellula  calliope  (Gould). 

CALLIOPE  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Synonym — Trochilus  calliope. 

Status — A  fairly  common  migrant,  chiefly  in  the  higher  mountains,  where  it 
makes  its  appearance  in  July  and  August.  Scott  (1886,  p.  431)  secured  a  speci- 
men in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  April  14,  1885,  the  only  record  I  know  of, 
of  its  occurrence  in  the  spring.  It  has  been  found  in  the  White  Mountains,  at 
Camp  Grant  and  Camp  Apache,  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  and  in  the 
Huachuca  s. 

162.  Calothorax  lucifer  (Swainscn). 

LUCIFER  HUMMINGBIRD. 
Synonym — Doricha  cnicura. 

Status — One  specimen,  an  adult  female,  taken  by  Henshaw  (iS75b,  p.  381) 
at  Fort  Bowie,  August  8,  1874.  Not  otherwise  observed  in  Arizona. 

163.  TJranomitra  salvini  (Brewster). 

SALVIN  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Status — An  immature  female,  the  second  known  specimen,  was  shot  by  H.  W. 
Marsden  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  July  4,  1905.  This  bird  is  in  the  collection 
of  L.  B.  Bishop  (see  Bishop,  1906,  p.  337). 

164.  Basilinna  leucotis  (Vieillot). 

WHITE-EARED  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Status — Rare  summer  visitant  to  some  of  the  higher  ranges  of  southeastern 
Arizona,  reported  from  the  Chiricahua,  Santa  Rita,  and  Huachuca  mountains. 
There  are  published  records  of  about  half  a  dozen  specimens  taken  in  Arizona 
(see  Fisher,  1894,  p.  325;  Swarth,  1904^  p.  19).  It  has  not  as  yet  been  found 
actually  breeding  in  the  state,  though  it  probably  does  so. 

165.  Cynanthus  latirostris  Swainson. 

BROAD-BILLED  HUMMINGBIRD. 

Synonyms — Circe  latirostris;  I  ache  latirostris. 

Status — A  summer  visitant,  reported  from  the  Santa  Catalina.  S^nta  Rita, 
and  Huachuca  mountains,  and  from  the  Santa  Cruz  River  west  of  the.  Patagonia 
Mountains.  Probably  most  abundant  in  the  Santa  Catalinas,  where  it  is  found 
along  the  streams  from  3500  to  5000  feet.  In  the  Huachucas  it  is  of  very  rare  oc- 


40  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

currence.  Henshaw  ( 1875)3,  p.  380),  records  three  specimens  of  this  humming- 
bird "secured  in  the  Chiricahua  Mountains,  at  a  point  a  few  miles  distant  from  old 
Camp  Crittenden."  As  old  Camp  Crittenden  is  many  miles  distant  from  the 
Chiricahua  Mountains,  and  in  the  foothills  of  tbe  Santa  Ritas,  this  would  seem  to 
be  a  mistake,  the  more  so  as  in  a  previous  report  on  the  same  collections  (i875a, 
p.  162)  mention  is  made  of  "three  specimens  secured  in  the  Santa  Rita  Moun- 
tains near  the  border  line."  Bendire  (1895,  p.  228)  explicitly  states  that  the 
species  is  not  yet  recorded  from  the  Chiricahua  Mountains. 

1 66.  Platypsaris  aglaiae  albiventris   (Lawrence). 

XANTUS  BECARD. 

Synonym — Platypsaris  albiventris. 

Status — Price  ( i888b,  p.  425)  secured  a  single  specimen,  a  male  bird,  near 
the  summit  of  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  June  20,  1888.  This  is  the  only  record 
for  Arizona,  and  for  the  United  States. 

167.  Tyrannus  verticalis  Say. 

WESTERN  KINGBIRD. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  of  southern 
nnd  western  Arizona.  Found  in  the  valley  of  the  Oila  River,  and  along  its  more 
southern  tributaries,  and  also  along  the  Colorado  River.  Though  not  reported 
•from  any  part  of  the  high  mountainous,  central  portion  of  the  state,  its  presence 
in  the  arid  northeastern  corner  is  attested  by  a  July  record  from  Keam  Canon 
(Fisher,  1903,  p.  35). 

1 68.  Tyrannus  vociferans  Swainson. 

CASSIN  KINGBIRD. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  parts  of  southeastern,  and  most  of 
central  and  northern,  Arizona.  Breeds  mostly  in  the  Upper  Sonoran  zone,  in 
places  extending  up  into  Transition.  Reported  from  Nogales  in  January  (Baird, 
1858,  p.  174).  Has  not  been  found  in  the  arid  Lower  Sonoran  southwestern  por- 
tion of  Arizona. 

169.  Myiodynastes  luteiventris  Sclater. 

SULPHUR-BELLIED  FLYCATCHER. 

Status — A  fairly  common  summer  visitant  in  the  higher  mountain  ranges 
of  extreme  southeastern  Arizona.  Has  been  found  in  the  Santa  Rita  Mountains 
(Henshaw,  18753,  p.  161),  the  Chiricahua  Mountains  (Henshaw  i875b,  p. 
346),  and  the  Huachuca  Mountains  (Swarth,  1904^  p.  21). 

170.  Myiarchus  magister  magister  Ridgway. 

ARIZONA  CRESTED  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonyms — Myiarchus  coopcri;  Myiarchus  nie.ricanits  cooperi;  Myiarchus 
mcxicanus  magister. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  41 

Status — A  summer  visitant  in  portions  of  southern  and  western  Arizona, 
reported  from  the  vicinity  of  Tucson  and  the  Santa  Cruz  Valley  (many  records), 
the  Gila  Valley  about  Florence  and  Riverside  (Scott,  1887,  p.  17),  and,  the  north- 
ernmost record,  on  the  Big  Sandy  Creek,  where  Stephens  (ipo^p^  102)  found 
it  breeding-  in  July,  1902.  In  southeastern  Arizona,  at  least,  its  range  coincides 
exactly  with  that  of  the  giant  cactus,  in  which  it  nests. 

171.  Myiarchns  cinerascens  cinerascens  (Lawrence). 

ASH-THROATED  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonyms — Myiarchns  inc.vicanus;  Myiarclins  crinitiis  var.  cinerascens; 
Afyiarchus  nitttingi. 

Status — Abundant  summer  visitant,  mostly  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone,  in 
southern  and  western  Arizona,  ranging  north  to  Forts  Apache  and  Whipple,  and 
up  the  Colorado  River  the  entire  length  of  the  state.  It  is  also  reported  from 
Keam  Canon,  in  extreme  northeastern  Arizona,  in  July.  Occurs  as  an  occasional 
winter  visitant,  having  been  noted  at  Phoenix  in  December  (specimen  in  Field 
Museum  of  Natural  History),  on  the  Gila  River  in  December  (Baird,  1858,  p. 
179),  and  at  Fort  Mohave  in  January  (Cooper,  1870,  p.  316). 

172.  Myiarchus  lawrencei  olivascens  Ridgway. 

OLIVACEOUS  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonyms — Myiarchus  laivrencei;  Myiarchns  lawrencei  ol-racens. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  to  a  few  mountain  ranges  of  extreme 
southeastern  Arizona.  Most  abundant  in  the  Huachucas  and  Santa  Ritas,  but 
also  reported  from  the  Chiricahuas,  the  Whetstones,  the  Santa  Catalinas  (Scott. 
1887,  p.  1 8,  one  specimen),  and,  doubtfully,  from  Fort  Grant  (Bendire,  1895,  P- 
270).  Restricted  almost  entirely  to  brushy  canons  of  the  Upper  Sonoran  zone. 

173.  Sayornis  sayus  (Bonaparte). 

SAY  PHOEBE. 

Synonym — Tyrannula  saya. 

Status — Exceedingly  common  summer  visitant  of  the  plains  and  valleys 
throughout  the  state.  Remains  through  the  winter  in  southern  Arizona :  San  Pedro 
River :  Santa  Catalina  foothills  (Scott,  1887,  p.  18)  ;  and  in  the  valley  of  the  Colo- 
rado River:  Yuma  (Price,  1899,  p.  92). 

174.  Sayornis  nigricans  (Swainson). 

BLACK  PHOEBE. 

Synonym — Sayornis  nigricans  semiatra. 

Status — Resident  in  southern  Arizona,  irregularly  distributed,  and  nowhere 
very  common.  Though  resident  in  the  region,  it  is  locally  migratory,  moving  up 
into  the  hills  in  summer  (to  about  6000  feet),  and  down  to  the  lower  valleys  dur- 
ing the  winter  months.  It  has  been  traced  north  to  Fort  Apache  (Henshaw, 
i875b,  p.  347),  Fort  Verde  (Coale,  1894,  p.  215),  to  a  point  a  few  miles  south  of 
Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  60),  and,  along  the  Colorado  River,  where  it 
is  a  winter  visitant  only,  to  Fort  Mohave.  Breeding  records  appear  to  be  all 
from  points  in  Upper  Sonoran,  up  to  the  lower  edge  of  Transition. 


42  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

175.  .  •  Nuttallornis  borealis  (Swainson) 

OLIVE-SIDED  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonym — Contopns  borealis. 

Status — Common  in  summer  from  the  Transition  zone  upward,  in  the  higher 
mountains  north  of  the  Mogollon  Plateau  ;  recorded  as  breeding  on  the  San  Fran- 
cisco, White,  and  Mogollon  mountains.  During  the  migrations  it  is  quite  gen- 
erally distributed. 

176.  Myiochanes  pertinax  pallidiventns  (Chapman).  ,.    .. 

COUES  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonyms — Contopns  pcrtinax  ;  Contopus  pertinax  pallidircntris;  Horizo- 
pus  pertinax  pallidivcntris. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  the  Transition  zone  of  the  mountains 
of  southeastern  Arizona  (Tluachuca,  Santa  Rita.  Santa  Catalina  and  White 
mountains,  Mount  Graham,  etc.),  extending  northward,  in  diminishing  numbers, 
to  the  Mogollon  Mountains,  where  it  was  found  breeding  at  Baker's  Butte 
(Mearns,  i8f)oa,  p.  256);  casually  to  Fort  Whipple:  i  specimen,  August  20, 
1864  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  60). 

177.  Myiochanes  richardsoni  richardsoni   (Swainson). 

WESTERN  WOOD  PEWEE. 

Synonyms — Contopus  richardsoni;  Contopns  vircns  richardsoni;  Ilorizopns 
richardsoni;  Contopus  -I'diei. 

Status — Common  in  summer  in  Upper  Sonoran  and  Transition  throughout 
the  state.  During  the  migrations  it  is  generally  distributed. 

178.  Empidonax  difficilis  diffieilis  Baird. 

WESTERN  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonym — Empidonax  flavircntris  var.  difficilis. 

Status — A  fairly  common  summer  visitant,  mostly  in  Transition,  occurring 
in  all  the  higher  mountain  ranges.  Abundant  and  of  general  distribution  during 
the  migrations. 

179.  Empidonax  trailli  trailli  (Audubon). 

TRAILL  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonyms — Empidonax  pnsillus;  Empidonax  trailli  var.  pnsillits. 

Status — Probably  fairly  common  in  summer  along  most  of  the  wooded 
streams  in  the  lower  valleys,  though  found  actually  breeding  at  but  a  few  points : 
Tucson,  Fort  Whipple,  San  Pedro  River,  Santa  Cruz  River.  During  the  migra- 
tions it  is  abundant  and  generally  distributed. 

180.  Empidonax  hammondi   (Xantus). 

HAMMOND  FLYCATCHER. 

Status — A  migrant,  abundant  and  generally  distributed  throughout  the  state. 
It  is  not  known  to  breed  anvwherc  in  Arizona. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  43 

181.  Empidonax  wrighti  Haircl. 

WRIGHT  FLYCATCHER. 
Synonym — Hmpidonax  obscunis,  part. 

Status — A  fairly  common  migrant,  at  least  in  eastern  Arizona^  I  know  of 
no  authentic  instance  of  the  breeding  of  this  species  in  the  state. 

182.  Empidonax  griseus  Brewster. 

GRAY  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonyms — Empidonax  obscurus,  part;  Empidonax  icrightii,  part. 

Status — This  species  and  the  last  (£.  i^rightii}  have  been  so  hopelessly  con- 
fused in  years  past  that  it  is  impossible  to  allocate  the  various  citations  with  ac- 
curacy, but  it  is  certain  that  £.  griseus  has  been  many  times  mentioned  under  the 
name  of  the  allied  species.  Both  are  migrants  in  Arizona,  and  both  probably  oc- 
cur (E.  griseus  certainly)  across  the  breadth  of  the  state.  Of  neither  form,  how- 
ever, is  there  any  undoubted  breeding  record  for  Arizona.  E.  griseus  is  prob- 
ably to  be  found  in  winter  in  the  wanner  parts  of  southern  Arizona,  and  along 
the  lower  Colorado  River. 

183.  Empidonax  fulvifrons  pygmaeus  Coues. 

BUFF-BREASTED  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonyms — Empidonax  pygmaeus,  Mitrcphorns  pallescens;  Mitrcphorns 
fnh'ifrons  var.  pallescens. 

Status — A  summer  visitant,  nowhere  very  common,  but  found  in  several  of 
the  mountain  ranges  of  southeastern  Arizona.  It  breeds  mostly  at  the  lower  edge 
of  the  Transition  zone,  but  is  very  locally  distributed— thus  it  may  be  fairly  com- 
mon in  one  canon,  and  almost  unknown  in  an  adjoining  one.  Has  been 
found  breeding  in  the  Chiricahua,  Huachuca,  and  Santa  Rita  mountains,  and  mi- 
grating birds  have  been  taken  at  Forts  Apache  and  Bowie.  The  subspecies  was 
described  from  a  specimen  secured  by  Coues  at  Fort  Whipple,  which  would  seem 
to  be  its  extreme  northern  limit.  It  has  so  far  not  been  found  in  the  Mogollon 
Mountains,  which  lie  south  of  that  point,  but  the  fact  of  its  breeding  at  Inscription 
Rock,  New  Mexico — close  to  the  Arizona  boundary  (Henshaw,  1874,  p.  128), 
points  to  the  probability  of  its  doing  so  in  the  Mogollons. 

184.  Pyrocephalus  rubinus  mexicanus  Sclater. 

VERMILION  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonyms — Pyrocephalus  rubiueus;  Pyroceplialus  mexicanus. 

Status — An  abundant  resident  along  the  wooded  streams  of  southern  and 
western  Arizona,  locally  migratory,  but  occurring  in  the  warmer  parts  of  the  re- 
gion throughout  the  year.  In  a  general  way  it  may  be  said  to  be  restricted  to  the 
Lower  Sonoran  zone  in  the  valleys  of  the  Colorado  and  Gila  rivers,  and  their 
tributaries.  In  central  Arizona  it  extends  north  to  Fort  Verde  (Coale,  1894,  p. 
218)  ;  casually  to  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  1865,  pp.  163,  538,  I  specimen)  ;  along  the 
Colorado  River,  to  the  Big  Sandy,  Bill  Williams  River,  and  Ehrenberg  (Stephens, 
1903,  p.  102),  casually  to  Fort  Mohave  (Cooper,  1870,  p.  333;  one  seen  May  24). 
In  eastern  Arizona  does  not  range  north  of  the  Salt  River. 


44  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

185.  Camptostoma  imberbe  Sclater. 

BEARDLESS  FLYCATCHER. 

Synonym — Ornithion  imbcrbc  ridgwayi. 

Status — A  rare  summer  visitant,  known  to  occur  in  only  a  limited  area  in 
the  Santa  Cruz  Valley,  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson.  The  conditions  apparently  re- 
quired by  the  species,  dense  growths  of  tall  timber,  are  met  with  in  Arizona  at  so 
very  few  points,  at  the  low  altitudes  frequented  by  the  species,  that  its  known 
range  will  probably  not  be  greatly  extended  in  the  state. 

186.  Otocoris  alpestris  leucolaema  (Coues). 

DESERT  HORNED  LARK. 

Synonyms — (  ?)  Otocoris  alpestris,  part;  (?)  Eremophila  corniita,  part; 
Eremophila  alpestris  var.  chrysolaema,  part;  Otocorys  arcnicola,  part;  Otocoris 
alpestris  arcnicola,  part;  Otocoris  alpestris  enthymia. 

Status — Common  winter  visitant.  There  are  numerous  winter  records  of 
horned  larks  from  the  northern  and  central  portion  of  Arizona,  some  of  which  are 
known  to  pertain  to  this  subspecies,  and  others  that  probably  do  so. 

187.  Otocoris  alpestris  adusta  Dwight. 

SCORCHED  HORNED  LARK. 

Synonyms — Eremophila  alpestris  chrysolaema,  part;  (?)  Otocoris  alpestris 
chrysolaema,  part ;  Otocoris  alpestris  aphrasta. 

Status — Common  resident  on  the  plains  of  extreme  southeastern  Arizona, 
from  the  west  side  of  the  Santa  Rita  Mountains  (Swarth,  19053,  p.  79)  east  to 
Fort  Bowie  (Bendire,  1895,  P-  345)-  North  to  Tucson  and  Oracle.  Other 
points  of  record  are  Fort  Huachuca,  San  Pedro  River,  Greaterville,  Willow 
Spring,  Sulphur  Spring,  and  Wilcox. 

1 88.  Otocoris  alpestris  pallida  Dwight. 

SONORA  HORNED  LARK. 

Synonyms — Otocoris  alpestris  arcnicola,  part ;  Otocoris  alpestris  leucansip- 
tila. 

Status — Resident  on  the  desert  plains  of  extreme  southwestern  Arizona,  and 
probably  northward  in  the  Colorado  Valley  to  southern  Nevada  (cf.  Oberholser, 
1902,  pp.  864-866). 

189.  Otocoris  alpestris  occidentalis  McCall. 

MONTEZUMA  HORNED  LARK. 

Synonyms — nremophila  cornuta,  part;  Eremophila  alpestris  chrysoiacma. 
part;  Otocoris  alpestris  adusta,  part;  Otocoris  alpestris  arenicola,  pait;  ( ?) 
Otocoris  alpestris  actia. 

Status — Breeding,  and  perhaps  resident,  in  northern  and  central  Arizona, 
north  of  the  Mogollon  Divide,  and  west  to  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  79). 
There  are  breeding  records  from  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Fort  Verde,  and  the 
Little  Colorado  River  (Oberholser.  1902,  p.  855).  In  the  Mogollon  Mountains 
it  has  been  found  breeding  up  to  10,000  feet  (Mearns,  i8ox)a,  p.  256).  Local- 
ities at  which  it  has  been  found  at  other  seasons  are  Pima  County,  Wilcox,  San 
Pedro  River,  and  Fort  Huachuca. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  45 

190.  Pica  pica  hudsonia  (Sabine). 

MAGPIE. 

Synonyms — Pica  hudsonica;  Pica  cantata  var.  hudsonica. 

Status — Secured  by  Kennerly  (1856,  p.  10)  on  the  Little  Colorado  River. 
Recorded  by  Henshaw  (1874,  p.  123)  from  the  Rio  Puerco,  at  a  point  sixty  miles 
west  of  Wingate,  New  Mexico,  and  hence  well  within  the  Arizona  boundary. 
Xot  otherwise  recorded  from  the  state. 

iyi.  Cyanocitta  stelleri  diademata  (Bonaparte). 

LONG-CRESTED  JAY. 

Synonyms — Cyanocora.v  stelleri;  Cyanocitta  macrolopha;  Cyanura  macro- 
lopha; Cyanura  stelleri  var.  macrolopha;  Cyanocitta  stelleri  macrolopha,  Cyanocit- 
ta stelleri. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  mountains  throughout  the  state  from  the 
Transition  zone  upward.  In  northern  Arizona  it  ranges  west  as  far  as  the  Grand 
Canon  of  the  Colorado  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  39).  and  the  Hualpai  Mountains 
(Stephens,  1903,  p.  102).  Though  resident  at  high  altitudes  it  occasionally  wand- 
ers into  the  lowlands,  far  from  the  mountains,  as  observed  at  Sacaton  in  Novem- 
ber, 1010,  by  Oilman  (i9iia,  p.  35). 

192.  Aphelocoma  woodhousei  (Baird). 

WOODHOUSE  JAY. 

Synonyms — Cyanocora.v  calif ornica;  Cyanocitta  calif ornica;  Cyanocitta  ivood- 
honseii;  Cyanocitta  floridana  var.  zvoodhonsei;  Aphelocoma  floridana  var.  wood- 
honsei. 

Status — Fairly  common  resident,  mostly  in  Upper  Sonoran,  and  occurring  in 
favorable  localities  throughout  the  state.  Has  not  been  observed  anywhere  in 
southwestern  Arizona,  west  of  Sacaton,  nor  along  the  Colorado  River  below  the 
Grand  Canon. 

193.  Aphelocoma  sieberi  arizonae  (Ridgway). 

ARIZONA  JAY. 

Synonyms — Cyanocitta  sordida;  Cyanocitta  nltramarina  var.  arizonae; 
Aphelocoma  sordida  arizonae. 

Status — An  abundant  resident  of  the  live  oak  regions  of  the  mountain  ranges 
of  southeastern  Arizona.  It  has  been  reported  from  the  Santa  Rita,  Chiricahua, 
Santa  Catalina,  Huachuca,  Dragoon,  Whetstone,  and  Rincon  mountains,  Mount 
Graham,  and  from  a  point  thirty  miles  south  of  Camp  Apache,  apparently  the 
northern  limit  of  the  species. 

194.  Perisoreus  canadensis  capitalis  Ridgway. 

ROCKY  MOUNTAIN  JAY. 

Status — Reported  only  from  the  White  Mountains,  where  it  is  apparently  a 
not  uncommon  resident  (Henshaw,  i875b,  p.  339;  Mearns,  18903,  p.  256). 


46  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

195-  Corvus  corax  sinuatus  Wagler. 

AMERICAN  RAVEN. 

Synonyms — Corvus  corax;  Corvus  splcndens;  Corvus  cacalotl;  Corvus  car- 
nivorus;  Corns  corax  carnivorus. 

Status — Apparently  to  be  found  throughout  the  year  in  nearly  all  parts  of 
Arizona.  It  appears  to  breed  mostly  in  the  higher  mountains,  though  it  is  a  com- 
mon sight  to  see  ravens  in  summer,  probably  non-breeding  birds,  almost  anywhere 
in  the  lower  valleys. 

196-  Corvus  cryptoleucus  Couch. 

WHITE-NECKED  RAVEN. 

Status — Has  been  observed  only  in  the  extreme  southeastern  corner  of  Ari- 
zona, in  Cochise  County,  and  west  and  north  to  Oracle,  Tucson,  and  the  valley  of 
the  Santa  Cruz  River.  It  is  restricted  wholly  to  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone,  and  is 
mainly  a  summer  visitant  to  the  region.  Some  remain  throughout  the  winter  in 
favorable  localities:  Wilcox,  November  (Bailey,  1903,  p.  87)  ;  San  Pedro  River, 
February  (Willard,  IQIOC,  p.  no). 

197.  Corvus  brachyrhynchos  hesperis  Ridgway. 

WESTERN  CROW. 

Synonym — Corvus  americanus. 

Status — A  very  uncommon  species  in  most  parts  of  Arizona.  I  know  of  but 
four  records  for  the  state;  at  Fort  Apache  in  November  (Henshaw,  18753,  p. 
1 60)  ;  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  and  at  Mineral  Creek  during  the  migra- 
tions (Scott,  1887,  p.  21 );  breeding  commonly  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains 
(Mearns,  18903,  p.  256)  ;  and  uncommon  in  the  vicinity  of  San  Francisco  Moun- 
tain (Merriam,  1890,  p.  94). 

198.  Nucifraga  columbiana  (Wilson). 

CLARKE  NUTCRACKER. 

Synonym — Picicorvus  colum bianus. 

Status — Recorded  as  breeding  in  the  higher  parts  of  San  Francisco  Moun- 
tain, where  it  is  common  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  94).  Adults  seen  feeding  full- 
grown  young  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  May  21,  1904  ( F.  C.  Willard, 
MS).  During  the  migrations  and  in  winter,  it  has  been  noted  it  irregular  inter- 
vals at  scattered  points :  Fort  Whipple,  White  Mountains,  Huachuca  Moun- 
tains, etc.,  and  even  from  the  desert  region  at  Sacaton,  on -one  occasion,  October 
17,  1910  (Gilman,  19113,  p.  35). 

199.  Cyanocephalus  cyanocephalus  (Wied). 

PINON  JAY. 

Synonym — Gymnokitta  cyanocephala. 

Status — A  resident  about  Fort  Whipple,  according  to  Coues  (i866a,  p.  91). 
It  has  also  been  reported  as  breeding  in  the  pinon  belt  of  San  Francisco  Moun- 
tain (Merriam,  1890,  p.  94),  and  in  the  vicinity  of  Williams  (Wetmore,  1908, 
p.  380).  It  is  an  erratic  visitant  to  other  parts  of  Arizona  (Huachuca  Moun- 
tains, Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  Gila  River,  Keam  Canon,  etc.). 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  47 

200.  Molothrus  ater  obscurus  (Gmelin). 

DWARF  COWBIRD. 

Synonyms — Molothrus  pecoris;  Molothrus  pecoris  var.  obsctirus ;  Molothrus 
obscurus;  Molothrus  ater. 

Status — Found  in  the  greatest  abundance  in  the  valleys  of  the  Colorado  and 
Gila  rivers,  and  their  tributaries,  and  up  into  the  foothills  of  the  adjacent  moun- 
tains. Most  abundant  as  a  summer  visitant,  and  reported  from  many  localities, 
north  to  the  Mogollon  Mountains  (Mearns,  iScjoa,  p.  257),  Fort  Whipple 
(Cones,  i866a,  p.  90),  and  Fort  Mohave  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.).  Remains  through- 
out the  winter  on  the  lower  Colorado  River.  The  only  winter  record  I  know  of 
outside  of  the  Colorado  Valley  is  of  a  single  specimen  taken  by  Bendire  ( 1895, 
p.  44)  on  Rillito  Creek,  near  Tucson,  January  24,  1873. 

201.  Tangavius  aeneus  aeneus  (Wagler). 

BRONZED  COWBIRD. 

Synonym — Tangavius  aeneus  inrolucratus. 

Status — An  occasional  summer  visitant  in  the  hot  valleys  of  extreme  south- 
ern Arizona.  Seen  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson  during  the  summer  of  1909,  from 
April  to  September  (Visher,  1909,  p.  307;  1910,  p.  210)  ;  and  at  Sacaton,  also  in 
the  summer  of  1909  (Oilman,  1910,  p.  46). 

202.  Xanthocephalus  xanthocephalus  (Bonaparte). 

YELLOW-HEADED  BLACKBIRD. 

Synonyms — Agelaius  .ranthoccphalus;  Xanthocephalus  icterocephalus;  Xan- 
thocep/ialus  longipes.  • 

Status — Reported  as  breeding  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains  (Mearns,  iSo/oa, 
p.  257)  and  at  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  91).  It 'winters  commonly  south 
of  the  Gila  River  (Tucson,  Fort  Huachuca,  etc.),  and  along  the  Colorado  River 
from  Fort  Mohave  southward. 

203.  Agelaius  phoeniceus  sonoriensis  Ridgway. 

SONORA  RED-WINGED  BLACKBIRD. 

Synonyms — Agelaius  gubernator,  part;  Agelaius  phoeniceus,  part;  Agelaius 
pliocniceus  longirostris. 

Status — A  common  resident  in  the  valley  of  the  Colorado  River,  at  least.  Its 
manner  of  occurrence  in  other  parts  of  Arizona  has  yet  to  be  determined. 

204.  Agelaius  phoeniceus  fortis  Ridgway. 
NORTHERN  RED- WINGED  BLACKBIRD. 

Status — According  to  Ridgway  (1902,  p.  339)  this  subspecies  occurs  dur- 
ing the  migrations  as  far  south  as  "Arizona  (Fort  Verde,  December,  February: 
Big  Chino  Valley,  March)." 

205.  Agelaius  phoeniceus  neutralis  Ridgway. 

SAN  DIEGO  RED- WINGED  BLACKBIRD. 

Synonyms — (  ?)  Agelaius  phoeniceus,  part;  (?)  Agelaius  gubernator,  part; 
Agelaius  phoeniceus  sonoriensis,  part. 


48  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

Status — The  status  of  the  red-winged  blackbirds  of  Arizona  is  as  yet  unset- 
tled. The  type  of  A.  p.  sonoricnsis  came  from  Fort  Grant,  in  southeastern  Ari- 
zona,* but  breeding-  birds  examined  from  the  San  Pedro  River,  in  the  same  gen- 
eral region,  are  A.  p.  neutralis.  It  may  be  that  one  form  (sonoriensis)  breeds 
along  the  Colorado  River  and  the  lower  Gila,  these  river  valleys  being  the  only 
portion  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  which  is  adapted  to  the  species ;  and  that  the 
other  (neutralis} occupies  the  higher  Upper  Sonoran  zone  in  northern  and  east- 
ern Arizona.  At  any  rate  some  form  of  the  red-winged  blackbird  breeds  in  suit- 
able localities  throughout  the  state.  Along  the  Colorado  River,  and  in  the  val- 
leys of  southern  Arizona,  they  are  to  be  found  the  year  through ;  in  the  winter 
months  the  several  varieties  possibly  occur  together  in  the  same  places. 

206.  Sturnella  niagna  hoopesi  Stone. 

TKXAS  MEADOWLARK. 

Synonym — Sturnella  magiia  inc.vicana. 

Status — Known  to  occur  along  the  United  States-Mexican  boundary  line,  at 
least  in  eastern  Arizona,  specimens  having  been  taken  at  Camp  Crittenden,  Fort 
Huachuca  and  Calabasas ;  also  reported  from  the  vicinity  of  Williams,  in  the 
northern  part  of  the  state  (Wetmore,  1908,  p.  381). 


207.  Sturnella  neglecta  Audubon. 

WESTERN  MEADOWLARK. 

Synonym — Sturnella  magna  neglecta. 

Status — Resident  throughout  the  state,  but  irregularly  and  locally  "dis- 
tributed, and,  for  the  most  part,  not  very  common.  In  the  Mogollon  Mountains, 
ranges  up  to  10,000  feet  (Mearns,  i8goa,  p.  257).  In  southern  Arizona  occurs 
in  the  Lower  Sonoran  valleys  only. 

208.  Icterus  parisorum  Bonaparte. 

SCOTT  ORIOLE. 

Status — An  abundant  migrant  and  fairly  common  summer  visitant  in  parts 
of  southeastern  and  central  Arizona.  It  is  distinctly  a  bird  of  the  Upper  Sonoran 
zone,  known  to  breed  in  southern  Arizona,  in  the  foothill  regions  of  the  Hua- 
chuca, Santa  Rita,  Santa  Catalina,  Rincon,  Quijotoa  and  Whetstone  mountains : 
doubtless  it  is  to  be  found  in  other  ranges  in  the  same  general  region  which  have 
not  been  reported  upon.  Has  also  been  found  in  summer  at  Oracle  (Rhoads, 
1892,  p.  120)  and  at  Beale  Spring  in  western  Arizona  (Stephens,  1903,  p.  102). 
Has  not  been  found  in  southwestern  Arizona,  nor  at  any  point  along  the  Colorado 
River,  except  for  one  bird  doubtfully  identified  at  Fort  Mohave  (Cooper,  1870,  p. 
276). 

*  According  to  the  A.  O.  V.  Check-List,  1910  ed.,  p.  233.  Ridsrway  (Birds  North  and  Middle  America,  n, 
1902,  p.  337)  fives  it  as  Mazatlan.  western  Mexico. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  49 

209.  Icterus  cucullatus  nelsoni  Ridgway. 

ARIZONA  HOODED  ORIOLE;. 

Synonym — Icterus   cucullatus. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  in  southern 
Arizona,  ranging  north  to  Fort  Grant  in  the  east  (Coues,  1868,  p.  84),  and  to 
the  Big  Sandy  and  Bill  Williams  River,  in  the  western  parts  of  the  state 
(Stephens,  1903,  p.  103).  Found  breeding  near  Pilot  Knob,  on  the  California  side 
of  the  Colorado  River  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

210.  Icterus  bullocki  (Swainson). 

BULLOCK  ORIOLE. 

Status — Summer  visitant,  found  in  suitable  localities  throughout  the  state. 
In  southern  Arizona  its  range  overlaps  that  of  /.  c.  nelsoni,  but  it  is  much  less 
abundant  than  that  species.  Points  of  record  are  all  in  the  Upper  and  Lower 
Sonoran  zones ;  it  has  not  been  found  in  the  high  central  plateau  region.  Breeds 
commonly  along  the  Colorado  River,  at  least  as  far  up  as  The  Needles  (Mus. 
Vert.  Zool.). 

211.  Euphagus  cyanocephalus  (Wagler). 

BREWER  BLACKBIRD. 

Synonyms — Scolecophagns  ferruginens;  Scolecophagns  cyanocephalus. 
Status — An   abundant   migrant   and   winter    visitant    throughout    southern 
Arizona.     There  are  but  few  definite  breeding  records  for  any  part  of  the  state. 
It  is  known  to  breed  commonly  in  the  Mogollon  and  San  Francisco  mountains 
.(Mearns,  18903,  p.  257),  and  Coues   (i866a,  p.  90)   speaks  of  it  as  a  summer 
resident  at  Fort  Whipple.     Otherwise  it  has  been  observed  in  all  parts  of  Ari- 
zona as  a  transient  or  as  a  winter  visitant. 

212.  Hesperiphona  vespertina  montana  Ridgway. 

WESTERN  EVENING  GROSBEAK. 

Synonyms — Hesperiphona  vespertina;  .  Coccothraustes  vespertina;  Cocco- 
thranstcs  vespertina  montana. 

Status — Breeds  in  the  high  mountains  of  central  Arizona :  San  Francisco 
Mountain  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  95),  White  Mountains  (Swinburne,  i888a,  p.  113), 
Mogollon  Mountains  (Mearns,  18903,  p.  246)  ;  occasionally  in  some  of  the 
ranges  farther  south;  Santa  Catalina  and  Huachuca  mountains  (Willard,  19103, 
p.  60).  During  the  migrations  and  in  winter  it  is  reported  from  various  scat- 
tered localities :  Huachuca  Mountains,  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  Fort  Verde, 
and  Fort  Apache. 

213.  Carpodacus  purpureus  calif ornicus  Baird. 

CALIFORNIA  PURPLE  FINCH. 

Status — The  only  Arizona  record  is  that  of  Scott  (1887,  p.  196),  who  found 
the  species  abundant  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  from  November,  1885,  to 
February,  1886. 


50  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

214.  Carpodacus   cassini   Baird. 

CASSIN  PURPLE  FINCH. 

Synonyms — Carpodacus  pnrpiircus ;  Carpodacus  pileatus. 

Status — Reported  as  a  resident  in  the  pine  belt  of  the  Mogollon  Mountains 
(Mearns,  18903.  p.  258).  During  the  migrations  and  in  winter  it  is  quite  gen- 
erally distributed :  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  80);  Pueblo  Creek  and 
Aztec  Mountains,  January  (Kennedy,  1859,  p.  27)  ;  Bill  Williams  Mountain, 
March  (Wetmore,  1908,  p.  381).  In  southern  Arizona  as  a  winter  visitant  only, 
seldom  descending  into  the  low  valleys,  but  common  in  the  higher  mountains : 
Santa  Catalina  Mountains  and  Tucson  (Scott,  1887,  p.  197)  ;  Dragoon  Moun- 
tains (Osgood,  1903,  p.  131-)  ;  Huachuca  Mountains  (Swarth,  1908,  p.  113). 

215.  Carpodacus  mexicanus  frontalis   (Say). 

HOUSE  FINCH. 

Synonyms — Fringilla  frontalis;  Carpodacus  fauiiliaris ;  Carpodacus  calif  or- 
nicits;  Carpodacus  cassini,  part:  Carpodacus  jnc.vicanus  obscunts;  Carpodacus 
frontalis. 

Status — Fairly  common  resident  throughout  the  state,  though  locally  mi- 
gratory. Breeds  below  Transition  ;  restricted  to  the  warmer  valleys  in  winter. 
Occurs  nowhere  in  Arizona  in  such  large  numbers  as  are  seen  on  the  Pacific 
coast  of  California. 

216.  Loxia  curvirostra  stricklandi  Ridgway. 

MEXICAN  CROSSBILL. 

Synonyms — Curvirostra  amcricana;  Lo.via  curvirostra  var.  aincricana;  Loxia 
curvirostra  me.ricana. 

Status — Breeds  from  the  Transition  zone  upwards  in  the  mountains  of  the 
high  plateau  region:  Williams,  breeding  (Wetmore,  1908,  p.  382):  Mogollon 
Mountains  (Mearns,  18903,  p.  258)  ;  possibly  in  some  of  the  more  southern 
ranges  also.  Noted  at  various  scattered  points  (usually  at  high  altitudes)  during 
the  migrations,  and  in  the  winter :  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Grand  Canon,  Mount 
Graham,  Huachuca,  Santa  Catalina  and  Chiricahua  mountains. 

217.  Passer  domesticus  (Linnaeus). 

ENGLISH   SPARROW. 

Status — Common  at  the  present  time  in  most  of  the  larger  towns  and  along 
the  railroads.  The  species  reached  Tucson  in  1903,  and  Tombstone  in  1904 
(Howard,  1906,  p.  67).  Also  recorded  from  Benson.  Flagstaff,  Williams.  Phoe- 
nix and  Mellen. 

218.  Astragalinus  tristis  pallidus   (Mearns). 

PALE  GOLDFINCH. 

Synonyms — Chr\sotnitris  tristis;  Spinus  tristis;  Spin  us  tristis  pallidus. 

Status — From  the  paucity  of  records  this  is  evidently  a  rare  species  in 
Arizona.  Henshaw  (  18753,  p.  158)  cities  Bendire  as  having  observed  it  at  Tuc- 
son ;  Scott  ( 1887,  p.  197)  secured  six  specimens  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Moun- 
tains in  December,  1885,  and  February,  1886;  and  Mearns  (18903.  p.  244) 
found  it,  appsrently  abundant,  at  Fort  Verde  in  winter  and  spring. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  51 

219.  Astragalinus  psaltria  hesperophilus  Oberholser. 

GREEN-BACKED  GOLDFINCH. 

Synonyms — Chrysomitris  psaltria;  Chrysomitris  mexicana;  Chrysomitris 
mexicanus  var.  arisonae ;  Chrysomitris  psaltria  var.  arisonae ;  Astragalinus 
psaltria  arizonae;  Astragalinns  psaltria;  Spinus  psaltria;  Spinus~  psaltria  ari- 
zonae. 

Status — Occurs  below  Transition  throughout  the  state.  In  northern  Ari- 
zona it  is  a  summer  visitant  only,  as  is  the  case  in  the  mountain  ranges  of  the 
south  as  well.  In  the  lower  valleys  of  southern  Arizona  it  occurs  irregularly 
throughout  the  year.  Noted  as  a  common  resident,  and  found  breeding,  along  the 
Colorado  River,  between  Needles  and  Yuma  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

220.  Astragalinus  lawrencei  (Cassin). 

LAWRENCE  GOLDFINCH. 

Synonyms— Chrysomitris  lawrencei;  Spinns  lawrencei. 

Status — Winter  visitant,  probably  regularly,  though  in  small  numbers,  to 
the  Colorado  Valley;  of  rare  and  irregular  occurrence  elsewhere.  Cones  (i866a, 
p.  83)  noted  it  at  Fort  Whipple,  and  Cooper  (1870,  p.  171)  at  Fort  Mohave 
during  the  winter  months. 

Its  observation  on  the  Colorado  River  at  Riverside  Mountain.  March  17, 
1910  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.),  although  on  the  California  side  of  the  stream,  is  con- 
firmatory of  its  probably  regular  occurrence  in  this  region  in  winter.  Scott 
(1887,  p.  199)  recorded  a  specimen  taken  by  Herbert  Brown  at  Tucson,  Febru- 
ary 28,  1886,  and  Price  (1899,  p.  92)  reported  it  from  the  vicinity  of  Yuma  in 
December.  These  are  the  only  records. 

221.  Spinus  pinus  (Wilson). 

PINE  SISKIN. 

Synonym — Chrysomitris  pinits. 

Status — Common  resident  in  the  high  mountains  of  the  plateau  region :  San 
Francisco  Mountain,  breeding  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  95)  ;  Mogollon  Mountains, 
resident  (Mearns,  iSo/Da.  p.  258)  ;  breeding  at  least  as  far  south  as  Mount  Gra- 
ham (Henshaw,  i875a,  p.  158).  Common  in  winter  in  the  higher  ranges  of 
southern  Arizona :  Chiricahua,  Santa  Catalina  and  Huachuca  mountains ;  and  of 
occasional  occurrence  in  the  valleys  during  the  migrations :  San  Pedro  River, 
April  (  Swarth,  1904^,  p.  37). 

222.  Calcarius  ornatus  (Townsend). 

CHESTNUT-COLLARED  LONGSPUR. 

Synonyms — Plcctrophanes  mclanonins;  Plcctrophancs  ornatus. 

Status — Abundant  migrant,  and,  less  commonly,  a  winter  visitant  in  extreme 
eastern  Arizona,  reported  from  St,  Johns,  Fort  Grant,  Fort  Huachuca,  Fort 
Bowie,  Sulphur  Spring  Valley,  etc. ;  occasionally  straggling  farther  westward : 
Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  November  11,.  1885;  Fort  Whipple,  i  specimen,  Oc- 
tober 17,  1864:  Sacaton,  October  25.  1909. 


52  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

223.  Rhynchophanes  mccowni  (Lawrence). 

McCOYVN    LONGSFUR. 

Synonym — Plectrophanes  maccoivnii. 

Status — Occurs  in  the  same  manner  as  Calcarius  ornatus,  and  over  practi- 
cally the  same  territory  in  eastern  Arizona.  It  is  more  irregular  in  its  appear- 
ance and  usually  not  as  abundant  as  the  Chestnut-collared  Longspun  Reported 
from  Fort  Bowie,  Fort  Apache,  St.  Johns,  Sulphur  Spring  Valley,  Fort  Huachuca, 
and  Fort  Lowell. 

224.  Pooecetes  gramineus  confinis  Baird. 

WESTERN  VESPER  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Zonotrichia  graimnea;  Pooecetes  gramineus. 

Status — The  only  breeding  records  are  from  the  Mogollon  and  San  Francisco 
mountains  (Mearns,  iSgoa,  p.  259),  and  Fort  Whipple  (Cones,  i866a,  p.  84). 
It  is  exceedingly  abundant  in  winter  and  during  the  migrations,  throughout 
southern  Arizona  and  along  the  valley  of  the  Colorado  River. 

225.  Passerculus  sandwichensis  alaudinus  Bonaparte. 

WESTERN  SAVANNAH  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Passerculus  savanna;  Passerculus  alaudinus,  part;  Ammo- 
dramns  sandwichensis  alaudinus. 

Status — A  migrant  and  winter  visitant  in  the  valleys  of  southern  Arizona 
and  along  the  Colorado  River.  There  are  but  few  records  of  the  occurrence 
of  the  species,  and  it  does  not  appear  to  have  been  found  anywhere  in  abundance. 

226.  Passerculus  sandwichensis  nevadensis  Grinnell. 

NEVADA  SAVANNAH  SPARROW. 

Synonym — Passerculus  alaudinus,  part. 

Status — The  record  by  Coues  (i866a,  p.  84)  of  the  occurrence  of  a  Savannah 
sparrow  as  a  common  summer  visitant  at  Fort  Whipple  probably  pertains  to  this 
subspecies.  Three  specimens  taken  on  the  Colorado  River,  two  near  the  mouth  of 
Bill  Williams  River,  March  13,  and  one  five  miles  north  of  Laguna,  April  22, 
1910  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

227.  Passerculus  rostratus  rostratus  (Cassin). 

LARGE-BILLED  SPARROW. 

Status — "Casual  in  Arizona"  (A.  O.  U.  Check-List,  1910,  p.  255).  This 
record  was  based  on  a  specimen  taken  August  15,  1902,  at  Yuma,  by  Herbert 
Brown,  and  sent  to  the  Biological  Survey  for  identification,  according  to  in- 
formation received  by  me  from  Mr.  W.  W.  Cooke. 

228.  Ammodramus  bairdi  (Audubon). 

BAIRD  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Centronix  bairdi;  Passerculus  bairdi;  Coturniculus  bairdi. 

Status — Common  migrant  on  the  open  grassy  plains  of  the  extreme  south- 
eastern corner  of  the  state,  reported  from  Camp  Grant,  Camp  Crittenden,  and 
the  vicinity  of  the  Huachuca  Mountains.  A  few  probably  remain  through  the 
winter  in  favorable  localities. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  53 

229.  Ammodramus  savannarum  bimaculatus  Swainson. 

WESTERN  GRASSHOPPER  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Ammodramus  passcrinus;  Coturniculus  passerinus ;  Coturni- 
culiis  passcrinus  var.  perpallidns;  Ammodramus  savannarum  perj>allidus;  Am- 
nwdromus  savannarum;  Coturniculus  savannarum  bimaculatus. 

Status — Reported  only  from  western  and  southern  Arizona.  Probably 
breeds  in  parts  of  southern  Arizona,  at  least,  as  Henshaw  ( i875b,  p.  257)  se- 
cured very  young  birds  in  the  Sonoita  Valley,  at  the  southeastern  base  of  the 
Santa  Rita  Mountains ;  while  there  is  a  specimen  recorded  as  taken  at  Los 
Nogales  in  June  (Baird,  1859,  p.  15).  It  has  been  taken  at  Bill  Williams  River 
in  February  (Kennerly,  1859,  p.  28),  and  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  in 
January  (Scott,  1887,  p.  199). 

230.  Chondestes  grammacus  strigatus  Swainson. 

WESTERN  LARK  SPARROW. 

Synonym — Chondestes  grammaca. 

Status— -Common  summer  visitant  in  suitable  localities  throughout  Arizona. 
Breeding  records  are  from  points  in  Lower  and  Upper  Sonoran,  up  to  the  lower 
edge  of  Transition;  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  up  to  5000  feet  (Scott,  1887,  P- 
199)  ;  Mogollon  and  San  Francisco  mountains,  summer  resident  (Mearns,  18903, 
p.  259);  Huachuca  Mountains,  summer  visitant  (Swarth,  icjc^b,  p.  39);  etc. 
Locally  migratory ;  during  the  winter  months  restricted  mainly  to  the  warmer 
valleys  of  the  southern  and  western  parts  of  the  state:  San  Pedro  River,  Febru- 
ary (Willard,  I9ioc,  p.  no)  ;  Tucson,  resident  (Scott,  1.  c.)  ;  Yuma,  December 
(Price,  1899,  p.  92). 

231.  Zonotrichia  leucophrys  leucophrys  (Forster). 

WHITE-CROWNED  SPARROW. 

Status — A  common  migrant  throughout  Arizona,  usually  in  company  with 
Zonotrichia  I.  gambeli.  Possibly  a  few  remain  through  the  winter  in  parts  of 
southern  Arizona,  though  there  is  no  authentic  instance  on  record.  Mearns 
( 18903,  p.  259)  found  the  species  at  the  base  of  San  Francisco  Mountain  in 
June,  "apparently  breeding".  It  has  not  otherwise  been  found  in  the  summer. 
Noted  as  a  transient  in  the  Colorado  Valley  between  Needles  and  Yuma  (Mus. 
Vert.  Zool.). 

232.  Zonotrichia  leucophrys  gambeli    (Nuttall). 

INTERMEDIATE  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Zonotrichia  leucophrys,  part ;  Zonotrichia  gambelii;  Zonotrichia 
leucophrys  intermedia;  Zonotrichia  intermedia. 

Status — Abundant  migrant  throughout  the  state.  Winter  records  are  all  from 
points  south  and  west  of  the  Mogollon  Divide;  Colorado  River  Valley  from 
Fort  Mohave  southward,  Fort  Whipple,  San  Pedro  River,  etc.,  where  it  is  com- 
mon during  the  winter  months. 


54  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

233.  Spizella  monticola  ochracea  Brewster. 

WESTERN  TREE  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Spizella  canadensis;  Spizella  monticola. 

Status — Kennerly  (1859,  p.  29)  found  this  species  in  December  on  the  Little 
Colorado  River,  while  Henshaw  (18753,  p.  159)  reported  it,  on  the  authority  of 
Bendire,  as  of  occasional  occurrence  in  winter  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson.  These 
are  the  only  records  for  the  state. 

234.  Spizella  passerina  arizonae  Coues. 

WESTERN  CHIPPING  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Spizella  socialis;  Spizella  socialis  arizonae. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  parts  of  central  Arizona.  Found 
breeding  at  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  87),  and  on  the  Mogollon  and  San 
Francisco  mountains  (Mearns,  iScpa,  p.  259).  In  southern  Arizona  it  is  a 
very  abundant  migrant,  and  in  the  warmer  valleys  a  winter  visitant  also.  Ob- 
served in  some  numbers  along  the  Colorado  River,  from  The  Needles  southward 
in  February,  March,  and  April;  seen  at  Potholes,  May  i.  under  conditions  pos- 
sibly indicative  of  breeding  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.).  Two  specimens  taken  by  Cooper 
at  Fort  Mohave,  December  24,  1860  (in  Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

235.  •    Spizella  pallida  (Swainson). 

CLAY-COLORED  SPARROW. 

Synonym — Spizella  pnsio. 

Status — Henshaw  (187513,  p.  278)  secured  specimens  at  Camp  Crittenden 
in  September;  and  Scott  (1887.  p.  200)  met  with  the  species  at  Mineral  Creek  in 
March,  October,  and  November.  These  seem  to  be  the  only  Arizona  records. 
It  is  highly  probable  that  Cooper's  ( 1861,  p.  122)  reference  to  Spizella  pallida  as 
common  in  April  in  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Mohave.  really  pertains  to  S.  brcwcri. 

236.  Spizella  breweri  Cassin. 

BREWER  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Spizella  pallida,  part;  Spizella  pallida  var.   brcwcri. 

Status — Reported  as  breeding  at  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  87).  and 
in  the  Huachuca  Mountains  (Willard,  igoSb.  p.  206),  and  as  probably  breeding 
on  the  Desert  of  the  Little  Colorado  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  96).  Tn  the  northern 
and  central  parts  of  the  state  it  is  a  summer  visitant  only,  but  in  the  lowlands 
of  southern  Arizona  it  remains  in  numbers  throughout  the  winter,  as  is  also  the 
case  along  the  Colorado  River  from  The  Needles  southward  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

237.  Spizella  atrognlaris  (Cabanis). 

BLACK-CHINKED  SPARROW. 

Synonym — Spizella  evnra. 

Status — -There  are  but  few  records  of  the  occurrence  of  this  species  in  Ari- 
zona. Found  at  Fort  Whipple  as  a  rare  summer  visitant  but  common  migrant 
(Coues,  i866a,  p.  87)  ;  specimens  secured  at  Mineral  Creek  in  October,  and  in 
the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  in  February  (Scott.  1887.  p.  200)  ;  found  breeding 
in  the  Hualpai  Mountains  at  6000  feet  (Stephens,  1903,  p.  103)  ;  and  noted  on 
one  occasion  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains  in  April  (Swarth,  1904^  p.  40). 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  55 

238.  Junco  hyemalis  hyemalis  (Linnaeus). 

SLATE-COLORED  JUNCO. 

Status — Has  been  reported  in  winter  from  many  scattered  points :  Fort 
Whipple.  Fort  Mohave,  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  Huachuca  JYIountains,  Wil- 
liams, etc.  Never  at  all  common,  but  usually  found  in  flocks  composed  of  the 
various  species  of  juncos  wintering  in  the  region. 

239.  Junoo  montanus  Ridgway. 

MONTANA  JUNCO. 

Synonym — Junco  hyemalis  montanus. 

Status — "In  winter  south  to  Arizona  (Tucson)''  (Ridgway,  1901,  p.  290). 
I  know  of  no  other  record. 

240.  Junco  oreganus  thurberi  Anthony. 

SIERRA  JUNCO. 

Synonyms — Junco  oregonus,  part;  Jnnco  hyemalis  thurberi. 

Status — As  this  species  has  been  found  in  abundance  in  winter  in  the 
Huachua  Mountains,  of  extreme  southeastern  Arizona  (Swarth,  19040,  p.  40) 
it  will  doubtless  prove  to  be  a  common  winter  visitant  in  all  suitable  places  west 
of  that  point.  There  is  record  of  a  specimen  from  Fort  Whipple  (Ridgway, 
1901,  p.  288).  There  is  a  specimen  in  the  Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zoology  (no. 
4143)  taken  by  J.  G.  Cooper  at  Fort  Mohave.  December  24,  1860. 

241.  Junco  oreganus  shufeldti  Coale. 

SHUFELDT  JUNCO. 

Synonyms — Strnthns  oregonns;  Junco  oregonns,  part;  Jnnco  hycmalis  ore- 
gonns; Jnnco  conncctcns ;  Jnnco  hycmalis  conncctens. 

Status — A  common  winter  visitant  reported  from  all  parts  of  Arizona,  but 
generally  favoring  the  mountains  and  the  foothill  regions,  rather  than  the  more 
open  valleys.  Nearly  all  of  the  numerous  records  of  Jnnco  oregonus  in  Arizona 
are  considered  by  Ridgway  (igoi,  p.  285)  to  pertain  to  this  subspecies. 

242.  Junco  mearnsi  Ridgway. 

PINK-SIDED  JUNCO. 

Synonyms — Jnnco  annectcns;  Jnnco  ridgivayi,  part:  Jnnco  hycmalis  mearnsi. 

Status — A  common  winter  visitant  in  northern  and  eastern  Arizona,  re- 
ported from  the  following  localities :  Fort  Whipple.  Prescott,  Williams,  Santa 
Catalina  Mountains,  Huachuca  Mountains,  and  Sulphur  Spring  Valley. 

243.  Junco  caniceps  (Woodhouse). 

GRAY-HEADED  JUNCO. 

Synonyms — Strnthns  caniceps,  part:  Jnnco  cincrcns  caniceps:  Junco  ridg- 
Ti'tfy/.  part :  Jnnco  phaconotns  caniceps. 

Status — A  common  winter  visitant  in  the  Upper  Sonoran  and  Transition 
zones  at  least  as  far  north  as  Fort  Whipple.  Reported  from  numerous  locali- 
ties :  Fort  Whipple,  Williams,  and  the  Chiricahua,  Santa  Catalina,  Huachuca, 
Dragoon  and  Whetstone  mountains. 


56  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

244-  Junco  phaeonotus  palliatus  Riclgway. 

ARIZONA  JUNCO. 

Synonyms — Junco  cincrcus;  Junco  cinereus  palliatus. 

Status — Common  resident  of  the  Transition  zone  of  eastern  Arizona,  from 
Mount  Graham  southward.  Reported  from  the  Graham,  Santa  Catalina,  Santa 
Rita,  Chiricahua,  Final,  Huachuca.  and  Whetstone  mountains.  It  is  strictly  a 
resident  in  the  higher  mountains,  there  being  apparently  not  even  a  local  migra- 
tion downward  into  the  valleys  during  the  winter  months. 

245.  Junco  phaeonotus  dorsalis  Henry. 

RED-BACKED  JUNCO. 

Synonyms — Stntthus  caniccps,  part;  Junco  cinereus  dorsalis;  Jnnco  dorsalis. 

Status — Resident  in  the  high  mountains  of  northeastern  Arizona,  reported 
from  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Grand  Canon  of  the  Colorado,  White  Mountains, 
and  Mogollon  Mountains. 

246.  Amphispiza  bilineata  deserticola  Ridgway. 

DESERT  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Poospiza  bilineata;  Amphispiza  bilineata. 

Status — Common  summer  resident  in  the  arid  Lower  Sonoran  plains,  of 
southern  and  western  Arizona,  north  to  Forts  Verde,  Whipple,  and  Mohave ; 
also  reported  in  summer  from  the  Desert  of  the  Little  Colorado  and  Keam 
Canon,  in  northeastern  Arizona.  Remains  through  the  winter  in  some  of  the 
warmer  southern  valleys. 

247.  Amphispiza  nevadensis  nevadensis  (Ridgway). 

SAGE  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Poospiza  belli;  Poospiza  belli,  var.  nevadensis;  Amphispiza  belli 
ncz-adensis;  Amphispiza  belli  cincrea. 

Status — A  fairly  common  winter  visitant,  reported  from  various  parts  of  the 
state:  Little  Colorado  River,  December  (Kennedy,  1859,  p.  29)  ;  Fort  Whipple 
(Coues,  i866a,  p.  86)  ;  San  Pedro  River  and  Tucson,  December  (Scott,  1887,  p. 
203)  ;  Fort  Huachuca,  winter  (Fisher,  1904,  p.  80).  Price's  (1899,  p.  93)  record 
of  Amphispiza  belli  cinerea?  at  Yuma  in  midwinter  also  probably  pertains  to  this 
species.  As  young  in  the  spotted  plumage  were  taken  at  Flagstaff,  on  the  Desert 
of  the  Little  Colorado,  and  at  the  Grand  Canon  of  the  Colorado  (Merriam,  1890, 
p.  96),  the  species  may  breed  in  this  general  region. 

248.  Peucaea  botterii  (Sclater). 

BOTTERI  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Peucaea  cassinii,  part ;  Peucaea  aestivalis  var.  arizonae ;  Peucaea 
arizonae. 

Status — Found  only  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  valleys  of  southeastern  Arizona ; 
reported  north  to  Camp  Grant  (Henshaw,  1874,  p.  118),  west  to  the  valley  of  the 
Santa. Cruz  River  (Stephens,  1885,  p.  226).  Possibly  resident,  but  all  the  records 
thus  far  published  are  of  observations  made  during  the  summer  months. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  57 

249.  Peucaea  cassini  (Woodhouse). 

CASSTN  SPARROW. 

Synonym — Zonotrichia  cassini. 

Status — Locally  abundant  during-  the  summer  in  the  Lower_So_noran  valleys 
of  southeastern  Arizona,  recorded  from  over  practically  the  fame  area  as  that 
occupied  by  Pcncaca  botterii.  Ranges  north  to  Fort  Grant  (Henshaw,  i875b,  p. 
285),  west  as  far  as  the  Santa  Cruz  Valley  (Stephens,  1885,  p.  226).  I  know  of 
no  instance  of  its  having  been  found  actually  breeding,  though  taken  throughout 
the  summer,  nor  do  I  know  of  any  midwinter  record. 

250.  Aimophila  carpalis  (Coues). 

RUFOUS-WINGED  SPARROW. 

Synonym — Peucaea  carpalis. 

Status — Found  only  in  southeastern  Arizona,  where  it  has  been  reported  from 
Tucson,  Fort  Lowell,  the  foothills  of  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  (up  to  4500 
feet),  and  the  Santa  Cruz  Valley.  Probably  resident,  as  specimens  have  been 
taken  in  January  as  well  as  in  midsummer. 

251.  Aimophila  ruficeps  scotti  (Sennett). 

SCOTT  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Peucaea  ruficeps  boucardi;  Peucaea  homochlamys ;  Peucaea 
ruficeps  scotti. 

Status — Common  resident  of  the  Upper  Sonoran  foothills  of  southeastern 
Arizona.  Occurs  in  all  the  ranges  south  of  Camp  Apache  (Henshaw,  i875b,  p. 
289),  and  west  of  the  Santa  Cruz  River:  Santa  Catalina,  Santa  Rita,  Chiricahua, 
Huachuca  mountains,  etc.  Has  also  been  found  in  the  Grand  Canon  of  the  Colo- 
rado, below  4000  feet,  and  on  the  Desert  of  the  Little  Colorado  (Merriam,  1890, 
pp.  40,  97),  in  extreme  northern  Arizona. 

252.  Melospiza  melodia  saltonis  Grinnell. 

DESERT  SONG  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Zonotrichia  falla.v;  Melospiza  falla.v;  Melospiza  melodia;  Melo- 
spiza fasciata  falla.v;  Melospiza  cinerea  falla.v ;  Melospiza  melodia  falla.v. 

Status — Common  resident  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  river  valleys.  Occurs 
along  the  Colorado  River  for  nearly  its  entire  extent  in  the  state,  being  reported 
from  below  Yuma  and  as  far  up  the  river  as  Moencopie  in  northeastern  Arizona 
(Merriam,  1890,  p.  97).  Occurs  in  suitable  localities  (which  are  not  numerous)  in 
southern  Arizona,  along  the  valley  of  the  Gila  River  and  its  tributaries  (Santa 
Cruz  River,  San  Pedro  River,  etc.).  I  know  of  no  song  sparrow  records  from  the 
high  plateau  region  of  central  Arizona. 

253.  Melospiza  melodia  fallax  (Baird). 

MOUNTAIN  SONG  SPARROW. 

Synonyms — Melospiza  melodia  var.  heermanni;  Melospiza  fasciata  montana; 
Melospiza  melodia  montana. 


58  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

Status — A  fairly  common  winter  visitant  or  transient.  Specimens  have 
been  taken  as  follows:  San  Pedro  River  and  Tucson,  winter  (Scott.  1887,  p.  204)  ; 
Sulphur  Spring  Valley,  March  (Osgood,  1903,  p.  149)  ;  San  Francisco  Mountain. 
August  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  97)  ;  and  Colorado  River  at  Needles,  mouth  of  Bill 
Williams  River,  and  Riverside  Mountain,  February  and  March,  1910  (Mus.  Vert. 
Zool.).  Probably  a  migrant  in  northern  Arizona,  and  a  winter  visitant  along  the 
lower  Colorado  River,  and  in  the  southern  valleys. 

254.  Melospiza  melodia  merrilli  Brewster. 

MKRRILL  SONG  SPARROW. 
Status — Recorded  from  Apache.  Arizona,  in  winter  (Ridgway,  1901,  p.  361). 

255.  Melospiza  lincolni  lincolni  (  Audubon). 

LINCOLN  SPARROW. 

Synonym — Peucaea  lincolni. 

Status — Of  fairly  common  occurrence  as  a  migrant  in  suitable  places ;  gener- 
ally distributed  and  reported  from  many  scattered  localities.  Probably  remains  in 
the  valley  of  the  lower  Colorado  River  throughout  the  winter,  though  there  is  no 
definite  data  establishing  this  as  a  fact.  Possibly  a  winter  visitant  in  other  parts  of 
southern  Arizona  also.  Found  on  the  Bill  Williams  River  in  February  (Kennedy, 
1859,  p.  29). 

256.  Passerella  iliaca  schistacea  Baird. 

SLATE-COLORED  Fox  SPARROW. 

Synonym — Passerella  touwscndi  schistacea. 

Status — A  rare  migrant  and  winter  visitant.  There  are  published  records 
of  but  four  specimens  from  Arizona :  one  from  a  point  forty  miles  south  of  Cam]) 
Apache,  September  i,  1873  (Henshaw.  i875b.  p.  293)  ;  one  from  Tucson,  Febru- 
ary, 1880  (Brewster,  1882,  p.  197);  one  from  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Sep- 
tember 29,  1889  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  97)  :  and  one  from  the  Huachuca  Mountains. 
November  20,  1894  (Fisher,  1904.  p.  81). 

257.  Pipilo  maculatus  montanus  Swartb. 

MOUNTAIN  TOWHEK. 

Synonyms — Pipilo  arctica:  Pipilo  erythrophthahrttifj  Pipiln  oregonns;  Pipilo 
inegalony.v;  Pipilo  rnaculatns  megalon\.\-. 

Status  —Common  resident  of  the  Upper  Sonoran  and  Transition  zones  in 
northern  and  eastern  Arizona.  Its  westernmost  limits  might  be  indicated  by  a  line 
drawn  from  the  Santa  Rita  and  Santa  Catalina  mountains  in  the  southeast,  to  the 
Hualpai  Mountains  in  the  northwest.  Apparently  strictly  resident  where  found, 
there  being  no  migratory  movement  into  the  lowlands  in  winter.  There  are  no 
records  from  the  vallev  of  the  lower  Colorado  River. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  59 

258.  Pipilo  maculatus  curtatus  Grinnell. 

NEVADA  Tow  HEX 

.Status — Rather  uncommon  winter  visitant  along-  the  lower  Colorado  River; 
specimens  taken  between  Needles  and  Ehrenberg,  in  February  and  -March,  1910 
(Mus.  Vert.  Zool.),  and  one  at  Fort  Yuma  January  23,  1913  (collection  of  A.  B. 
Howell).  The  capture  of  these  specimens  constitutes  the  only  records  I 
know  of  regarding  the  occurrence  of  any  form  of  Pipilo  maculatus  in  the  lower 
Colorado  Valley  (see  Grinnell,  1911,  p.  309). 

259.  Pipilo  fuscus  mesoleucus  Baird. 

CANON  TowiiEE. 

Synonym — Pipilo   mesoleucus. 

Status — Common  resident  in  the  Upper  Sonoran  zone,  and  in  Lower  Sonoran 
also  in  parts  of  southern  Arizona.  All  of  the  published  records  are  from  points 
south  and  east  of  the  Mogollon  divide ;  but  the  species  is  absent  from  the  exceed- 
ingly arid  southwestern  corner  of  Arizona,  and  thus  seems  to  occupy  a  belt  ex- 
tending across  the  state  from  Fort  Mohave  in  the  northwest  (Fisher,  i893b,  p. 
105),  south  to  the  extreme  southeastern  corner.  Coues'  ( i866c,  p.  262)  record  of 
the  occurrence  of  the  species  on  the  lower  Colorado  River  lacks  confirmation. 
Zonally  it  occupies  an  intermediate  region  between  Pipilo  m.  uwntanns  and  P. 
aberti,  at  places  ascending  or  descending  slightly  into  the  habitats  of  those  species. 
In  no  one  spot,  however,  are  all  three  to  be  found. 

260.  Pipilo  aberti   Baird. 

ABERT  TOWHEE. 

Status — Common  resident  of  the  valley  of  the  Colorado  River,  and  its  tribu- 
taries in  western  and  southern  Arizona.  Abundant  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  river 
valleys  of  the  south  (Gila,  Santa  Cruz,  San  Pedro,  etc.)  extending  as  far  north 
as  Fort  Grant  (Coues,  1868,  p.  84)  and  Fort  Whipple  (Coale,  1894,  p.  218). 
Along  the  Colorado  it  has  been  found  to  the  extreme  northwestern  corner  of  the 
state:  confluence  of  the  Beaverdam  and  Virgin  rivers  (Fisher,  1893^  p.  105), 
but  no  farther  to  the  eastward. 

261.  Oreospiza  chlorura  (Audubon). 

GREEN-TAILED  TOWHEE. 

Synonyms — Fringilla  blandingiana;  Zonotrichia  blandingiana;  Pipilo  chlor- 
ura; Atlapctcs  chlorurus. 

Status — A  common  migrant,  occurring  indifferently  on  Boreal  mountain 
tops  or  on  the  arid,  semi-desert  plains.  Reported  in  winter  from  the  Colorado 
Valley  (Cooper,  1870,  p.  248),  and  as  an  occasional  winter  visitant  in  the  Santa 
Catalina  Mountains  in  extreme  southern  Arizona  (Scott,  1887,  p.  204).  Speci- 
mens in  the  collection  of  F.  S.  Daggett  taken  at  Fort  Lowell  in  October,  No- 
vember, December  and  January. 


60  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

262.  Cardinalis  cardinalis  superbus  Ridgway. 

ARIZONA  CARDINAL. 

Synonyms — Cardinalis  Virginian  us;  Cardinalis  igneits;  Cardinalis  virginianus 
igncus;  Cardinalis  superbus. 

Status — Fairly  abundant  in  the  valleys  of  extreme  southeastern  Arizona, 
where  it  is  probably  resident  throughout  the  year.  One  specimen  in  the  collec- 
tion of  F.  S.  Daggett,  no.  6475,  male,  Tucson,  January  10,  1908.  There  is  record 
of  one  from  the  "Colorado  River,  Arizona",  November  30,  1871  (Ridgway, 
i88sc,  p.  344).  Aside  from  this  it  is  reported  only  from  localities  in  the  valleys 
of  the  Santa  Cruz  and  San  Pedro  rivers. 

263.  Pyrrhuloxia  sinuata  sinuata  (Bonaparte). 

ARIZONA  PYRRHULOXIA. 

Synonym — Pyrrhuloxia  sinuata  beckhami. 

Status — Resident  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  valleys  of  southern  Arizona.  Com- 
mon in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson;  also  reported  from  Fort  Grant,  Yuma,  Quijotoa, 
and  the  San  Pedro  and  Santa  Cruz  rivers. 

264.  Zamelodia  ludoviciana  (Linnaeus). 

ROSE-BREASTED  GROSBEAK. 

Status — Only  one  record,  that  of  an  adult  male  taken  by  R.  D.  Lusk  in  the 
Huachuca  Mountains,  June  29,  1894  (Swarth,  1904^  p.  44).  The  specimen  is 
now  in  the  Swarth  collection. 

265.  Zamelodia  melanocephala  melanocephala   (Swainson). 

BLACK-HEADED  GROSBEAK. 

Synonyms — Guiraca  melanocephala;  Goniaphea  melanocephala;  Hedy- 
meles  melanocephalus;  Habia  melanocephala. 

Status — Breeds  commonly  in  the  Transition  zone  of  the  higher  mountains 
throughout  the  state ;  and  during  the  migrations  it  is  of  general  occurrence  else- 
where as  well.  There  is  no  authenticated  instance  of  its  occurrence  through  the 
winter  months. 

266.  Guiraca  caerulea  lazula  (Lesson). 

WESTERN  BLUE  GROSBEAK. 

Synonyms — Guiraca  caerulea;  Goniaphea  coerulea;  Guiraca  caerulea 
eurhyncha. 

Status — Restricted  almost  entirely  to  the  hot  Lower  Sonoran  river  valleys. 
A  common  summer  visitant  along  the  San  Pedro  and  Santa  Cruz  rivers,  and 
about  Tucson.  The  various  records  from  the  Colorado  River  are  none  of  them 
of  birds  actually  found  breeding,  though  there  can  be  little  doubt  but  that  they  do 
so:  Fort  Mohave,  May;  Yuma,  May;  confluence  of  Beaverdam  and  Virgin 
rivers,  May;  Big  Sandy  River,  July.  In  central  Arizona  it  extends  north  to 
Fort  Apache  and  Fort  Grant  (Henshaw,  i875b,  p.  298)  and  to  Fort  Whipple 
(Coues,  r866a,  p.  88). 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  61 

267.  Passerina  amoena  (Say). 

LAZULI  BUNTING. 

Synonyms — Spiza  amoena;  Cyanospiza  amoena. 

Status — Of  abundant  occurrence  as  a  migrant,  and  quite  generally  distribut- 
ed, though  I  know  of  no  records  of  its  occurrence  in  northeastern  Arizona.  Prob- 
ably breeds,  though  definite  data  is  lacking.  Coues  ( i866a,  p.  89)  reports  it  as 
an  uncommon  summer  visitant  at  Fort  Whipple,  and  Scott  (1887,  p.  205)  states 
that  it  has  been  found  breeding  near  Tucson.  In  neither  case  is  more  detailed  in- 
formation given. 

268.  Passerina  versicolor  pulchra  Ridgway. 

BEAUTIFUL  BUNTING. 

Synonym — Passerina  versicolor. 

Status — An  adult  female  taken  by  F.  Stephens  at  Crittenden,  near  the  Santa 
Rita  Mountains,  July  14,  1884  (Brewster,  i885b,  p.  198).  Not  otherwise  known 
to  occur  in  Arizona. 

269.  Passerina  ciris   (Linnaeus). 

PAINTED  BUNTING. 

Synonym — Cyanospiza  ciris. 

Status — Of  occasional  occurrence  in  extreme  southeastern  Arizona  in  late 
summer  and  during  the  fall  migration.  Henshaw  (i875b,  p.  301)  reported  it  as 
present  in  considerable  numbers  at  Fort  Bowie  and  Fort  Crittenden  in  August 
and  September,  1874.  One  specimen  taken  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  July  12, 
1902  (Swarth,  lo/Mb,  p.  46).  There  are  three  specimens  in  the  Museum  of  Ver- 
tebrate Zoology  taken  at  Fort  Huachuca  on  August  29  and  September  12  and  13, 
1884,  respectively. 

270.  Spiza  americana  (Gmelin). 

%     DICKCISSEL. 

Synonym — Euspiza  americana. 

Status — Only  known  to  occur  in  Arizona  as  observed  by  Henshaw  (1875^ 
p.  295),  who  found  it  in  small  numbers  and  secured  specimens  on  the  San  Pedro 
River,  at  Fort  Crittenden  and  at  Fort  Lowell,  in  August  and  September,  1873 
and  1874;  and  from  a  specimen  taken  by  Brown  at  Tucson,  September  n,  1884 
(Scott,  1887,  p.  205). 

271.  Calamospiza  melanocorys  Stejneger. 

LARK  BUNTING. 

Synonym — Calamospiza   bicolor. 

Status — An  abundant  migrant  and  winter  visitant  on  the  plains  of  southern 
and  western  Arizona.  There  are  numerous  recorded  instances  of  its  occurrence 
at  points  in  the  south — Tombstone,  San  Pedro  Valley,  Tucson,  etc.,  north  to  Fort 
Grant ;  and  it  also  occurs  in  lesser  numbers  along  the  Colorado  River,  but  appar- 
ently not  in  the  extreme  southwestern  corner,  the  vicinity  of  Yuma.  Not  report- 
ed south  of  Cibola,  on  the  Colorado  River  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.),  nor  west  of  Agua 
Caliente,  on  the  Gila  River  (Swarth,  MS).  Neither  do  I  know  of  any  instance 
of  its  occurrence  in  northern  Arizona — north  of  the  Mogollon  Divide — though  it 
should  occur  in  that  region  as  a  migrant. 


62  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

272.  Piranga  ludoviciana  (Wilson). 

WESTERN  TAX  ACER. 

Synonym — Pyranga  ludoviciana. 

Status — Summer  visitant  in  the  Transition  zone  and  upward,  of  common  oc- 
currence in  the  north:  San  Francisco  Mountain  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  40)  ;  Mogol- 
lon  Mountains  (Mearns,  18903,  p.  260).  In  diminishing  numbers  to  the  south- 
ward, as  far  as  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  (Scott,  1888,  p.  29),  and  Huachuca 
Mountains  (Swarth,  1904!),  p.  47).  These  latter  points,  where  it  is  of  rare  oc- 
currence in  the  summer,  probably  indicate  the  extreme  southern  limits  of  the 
breeding  range  of  the  species.  Common  and  generally  distributed  during  the 
migrations. 

273.  Piranga  hepatica  Swainson. 

HEPATIC  TANAGER. 

Synonyms — Pyranga  azarac ;  Pyranga  hepatica,  part. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  the  Transition  zone  throughout  the 
state.  Reported  in  summer  from  San  Francisco  Mountain,  the  Mogoilon,  Santa 
Catalina,  Santa  Rita,  Huachuca,  Chiricahua,  and  White  mountains,  and  at  Fort 
Whipple ;  and  as  a  migrant  from  various  intervening  points.  A  single  specimen 
was  taken  in  the  Hualpai  Mountains,  July  8,  1902  (Stephens,  1903,  p.  104),  and 
one  was  seen  at  the  confluence  of  the  Beaverdam  and  Virgin  rivers,  in  extreme 
northwestern  Arizona,  May  9,  1891  (Fisher,  1893^  p.  109). 

274.  Piranga  rubra  cooperi  Ridgway. 

COOPER  TANAGER. 

Synonyms — Pyranga  acstiva;  Pyranga  cooperi;  Pyranga  aestiva  cooperi; 
Pyranga  hepatica,  part. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  of  southern 
and  western  Arizona,  principally  along  the  hot  river  valleys  of  the  Colorado  and 
its  tributaries.  Breeds  along  the  Colorado  as  far  north  as  Fort  Mohave  (Cooper, 
1870,  p.  142),  in  eastern  Arizona  north  to  San  Francisco  River,  in  Graham  Coun- 
ty (Henshaw,  i875b,  p.  239),  and  to  the  vicinity  of  Tucson. 

275.  Progne  subis  subis  (Linnaeus). 

PURPLE  MARTIN. 

Synonyms — Progne  pnrpurca;  Progne  subis  hesperia. 

Status — Breeds  commonly  in  some  sections,  but  there  is  not  at  hand  data  to 
indicate  the  details  of  its  distribution  through  the  state.  It  is  known  to  be  a  sum- 
mer visitant  at  Fort  Whipple,  in  the  Upper  Sonoran  zone  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  72), 
in  the  Transition  of  the  Mogoilon  Mountains  (Mearns,  18903,  p.  260),  and  in 
the  Lower  Sonoran  at  Tucson  (Swarth,  19053,  p.  49).  Reported  from  other 
points  as  a  migrant  only. 

276.  Petrochelidon  lunit'rons  lunifrons  (Say). 

CLIFF  SWALLOW. 

Synonyms— Hirnndo  hinifrons;  Petrochelidon  Innifrons  tachina. 
Status— A   common    summer   visitant,     where     suitable    conditions    prevail. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  6.5 

throughout  the  state,  except  along  the  southeastern  boundary,  where  it  is  re- 
placed by  P.  I.  me!  aii-o  gastra.  The  cliff  swallow  has  been  found  breeding  abun- 
dantly at  various  scattered  points — Fort  Whipple,  Little  Colorado  River,  Bill 
Williams  River,  Fort  Verde,  and  at  several  places  on  the  Colorado  River  between 
Xeedles  and  Yuma.  Breeding  birds  from  Fort  Verde  have  been  referred  to  P.  I. 
tac/iina  (Miller,  1906,  p.  177). 

277.  Petrochelidon  lunifrons  melanogastra  (Swainson). 

MEXICAN  CLIFF  SWALLOW. 

Synonym — Petrochelidon  melanogastcr. 

Status— Occurs  as  a  summer  visitant  along  the  Mexican  boundary  of  ex- 
treme southeastern  Arizona,  as  far  west  as  Nogales  (Mearns,  1901,  p.  177).  The 
northern  limits  of  its  range  have  not  yet  been  ascertained. 

278.  Hirundo  erythrogastra    iloddaert. 

BARN    SWALLOW. 

Synonyms — Hirundo  rufa;  Hirundo  horre onnn ;  Chelidon  crythrogastcr. 

Status-  Of  rare  and  local  occurrence.  The  only  breeding  records  known  to 
me  are  as  follows:  Tucson  and  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  up  to  5,000  feet 
(Scott,  1888,  p.  31)  ;  Elgin,  Santa  Cruz  County  (Breninger,  iSgSa,  p.  117)  ;  San 
Pedro  River  (Swarth,  1904^,  p.  48).  There  are  singularly  few  records  of  its  oc- 
currence as  a  migrant. 

279.  Iridoprocne  bicolor  (Vieillot). 

TREE  SWALLOW. 

Synonyms — Hirundo  bicolor ;  Tachycincta  bicolor. 

Status — I  know  of  no  instance  of  this  species  having  been  found  breeding  at 
any  point  in  Arizona,  and  it  has  been  observed  but  seldom  as  a  migrant.  Report- 
ed from  Cienega  Station  in  April  ( Brewster,  1882,  p.  146),  from  Tucson  in 
March  (Scott,  1888,  p.  31),  and  from  the  Dragoon  Mountains  in  May  (Osgood, 
1903,  p.  150). 

280.  Tachycineta  thalassina  lepida  Mearns. 
NORTHERN  VIOLET-GREEN   SWALLOW. 

Synonyms — Hirundo  thalassina;  Hcrsc  thalassina;  Tachycineta  thalassina. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  of  high  Transition  throughout  Arizona. 
Reported  from  numerous  localities — mountains  near  Fort  Whipple,  Santa  Cata- 
lina Mountains,  Mogollon  Mountains.  Huachuca  Mountains,  etc.  Of  general 
distribution  during  the  migrations. 

281.  Riparia  riparia  (Linnaeus). 

BANK  SWALLOW. 

Synonyms — Cotylc  riparia  ;  Cliricola  riparia. 

Status — Apparently  of  rare  occurrence.  Has  been  seen  in  summer  at  Fort 
Whipple  (Cones,  i866a,  p.  72),  and  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson  (Scott,  1888,  p.  31) 
and  the  Santa  Cruz  River  (Swarth,  19053,  p.  49). 


64  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

282.  Stelgidopteryx  serripennis  (Audubon). 

ROUGH-WINGED  SWALLOW. 

Synonym — Cotyle  serripennis. 

Status — Though  there  are  numerous  instances  of  the  occurrence  of  this  spe- 
cies as  a  migrant  in  various  parts  of  the  state,  breeding  records  are  too  few  to 
permit  a  definite  statement  as  to  the  region  occupied  during  the  nesting  season. 
Reported  as  breeding  at  Fort  Whipple.  (Cones,  i866a,  p.  72),  Cienega  Station, 
southeastern  Arizona  (Brewster,  1882,  p.  146),  along  the  Santa  Cruz  and  San 
Pedro  rivers  (F,  C.  Willard,  MS),  and  Tucson,  and  at  points  on  the  Colorado 
River  between  Ehrenberg  and  Ynma  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool).  Also  observed  at  Fort 
'Mohave,  Gila  Bend,  confluence  of  Beaverdam  and  Virgin  rivers,  Fort  Verde, 
Mellen,  Pima  Indian  Reservation,  Keam  Canon,  and  the  Sulphur  Spring  Valley. 
Seen  in  February  on  the  Colorado  River  (Kennedy,  1859,  p.  24),  and  at  Fort 
Mohave  (Cooper,  1870,  p.  no),  so  it  may  be  found  to  occasionally  pass  the  win- 
ter this  far  north. 

283.  Bombycilla  garrula  (Linnaeus). 

BOHEMIAN   WAXWING. 

Synonym — Ampelis  garrulus. 

Status — A  rare  midwinter  straggler  from  the  north.  Cooper  (1861,  p.  122) 
secured  a  single  specimen  at  Fort  Mohave,  January  10,  1861,  the  only  occasion  on 
which  the  species  has  been  observed  in  Arizona.  This  bird,  an  adult  female,  is 
now  number  4207,  Museum  of  Vertebrate  Zoology. 

284.  Bombycilla  cedromra  Vieillot. 

CEDAR  WAXWING. 

Synonym — Ampelis  cedrornm. 

Status — Of  rare  and  irregular  occurrence.  Henshaw  (i875b,  p.  299)  se- 
cured a  specimen  thirty  miles  south  of  Fort  Apache,  September  n,  1873,  under 
circumstances  indicating  that  it  may  have  been  breeding.  Otherwise  noted  dur- 
ing the  migrations  and  in  winter,  at  a  few  scattered  localities :  Galeyville,  Cochise 
County,  January ;  Tucson,  March,  May  and  June ;  Grand  Canon,  September ; 
Huachtica  Mountains,  April,  May,  October. 

285.  Phainopepla  nitens  (Swainson). 

PHAINOPEPLA. 

Synonyms — Ptiliogonys  nitens;  Cichlopsis  nitens. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  of  southern  arid 
western  Arizona.  Reported  from  many  points,  north  as  far  as  Fort  Apache  (in 
August,  not  necessarily  a  breeding  record),  Fort  Whipple,  and  Fort  Mohave. 
Remains  through  the  winter  locally  in  southern  Arizona,  and  along  the  Colorado 
River.  In  the  late  summer  there  is  a  dispersal  of  individuals  into  higher  alti- 
tudes, and  possibly  to  more  northern  localities,  than  are  occupied  during  the  nest- 
ing time.  Found  breeding  at  Fort  Mohave  in  February  (Fisher,  1893^  p.  113). 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  65 

286.  Lanius  borealis  Vieillot. 

NORTHERN  SHRIKE. 

Synonyms — Collyrio  borealis;  Collurio  borealis. 

Status — Only  one  record,  that  of  a  specimen  secured  by  Coues  (Li866a,  p.  73) 
at  Fort  Whipple,  in  February,  1865. 

287.  Lanius  ludovicianus  excubitorides  Swainson. 

WHITE-RUM  FED  SHRIKE. 

Synonyms — Lanius  ludovicianus;  Collyrio  excubitorides;  Collurio  ludovi- 
cianus var.  excubitorides;  Collurio  excubitoroides. 

Status — Found  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  of  southern  Arizona,  along  the 
Colorado  River,  and  the  Desert  of  the  Little  Colorado  in  northeastern  Arizona. 
Apparently  restricted  to  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  in  the  breeding  season  but  rang- 
ing into  Upper  Sonoran  in  late  summer  and  fall:  one  specimen,  Fort  Whipple, 
September  4,  1864  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  73)  ;  foothills  of  the  Huachuca  Mountains, 
October  (Swarth,  1908,  p.  115).  Not  known  to  occur  in  the  high  plateau  region 
of  central  Arizona,  and  but  sparsely  distributed  in  the  region  where  it  is  found. 

288.  Vireosylva  olivacea  (Linnaeus). 

RED-EYED  VIREO. 

Synonym — Vireo  olivaceus. 

Status — But  a  single  record,  that  of  a  specimen  secured  by  Lusk  in  the 
Huachuca  Mountains,  May  20,  1895.  This  specimen  is  now  in  the  Swarth  collec- 
tion (Swarth,  1904^  p.  49). 

289.  Vireosylva  gilva  swainsoni  (Baird). 

WESTERN  WARBLING  VIREO. 

Synonyms — Vireo  gilvus;  Vireo  swainsoni;  Vireo  gilvus  swainsoni. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  of  the  Upper  Sonoran  ^,nd  1'ransition 
zones  of  northern  and  central  Arizona:  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  73)  ;  San 
Francisco  Mountain  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  98).  Of  rare  occurrence  south  of  the 
central  plateau  region,  but  has  occasionally  been  found  breeding  at  the  extreme 
southern  boundary  of  the  state:  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  (Scott,  1888,  p.  32)  ; 
Huachuca  Mountains  (Willard,  iox)8c,  p.  230).  Abundant  and  of  general  dis- 
tribution during  the  migrations. 

290.  Lanivireo  solitarius  cassini  (Xantus). 

CASSIN  VIREO. 

Synonyms — Vireo  solitarius;   Vireosylvia  solitaria;   Vireo  solitarius  cassini. 

Status — A  migrant,  of  common  occurrence  and  general  distribution.  Re- 
ported from  numerous  localities  in  various  parts  of  the  state,  but  not  from  the 
desert  region  of  the  northeast  corner.  Specimens  have  been  taken  at  Forts  Whip- 
pie,  Mohave,  Apache,  and  Crittenden,  and  also  at  San  Francisco  Mountain, 
Mount  Graham,  and  the  Santa  Rita,  Santa  Catalina,  and  Huachuca  mountains. 


66  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

29  *•  Lanivireo  solitarius  plumbeus  (Cones). 

PLUMBEOUS  VIREO. 

Synonyms — Virco  plumbeus;  Vireosyhna  plumb ea;  Vireo  solitarius  plum- 
beus. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  of  the  Transition  zone.  Reported  from 
San  Francisco  Mountain,  the  Mogollon,  Santa  Catalina,  Santa  Rita,  Huachuca, 
and  Hualpai  mountains,  Forts  Whipple  and  Apache,  and  is  undoubtedly  to  be 
found  in  all  the  higher  mountain  ranges  of  the  state. 

292.  Vireo  huttoni  stephensi  Brewster. 

STEPHENS  VIREO. 

Synonym — Vireo  huttoni. 

Status — Found  in  the  mountain  ranges  of  southeastern  Arizona,  in  the  live 
oak  belt  and  along  the  canon  streams,  ranging  upward  to  the  lower  edge  of 
Transition.  Probably  resident,  but  nowhere  very  abundant.  Reported  from  the 
Chiricahua,  Santa  Catalina,  Santa  Rita,  and  Huachuca  mountains,  and  also,  the 
westernmost  record,  from  the  Quijotoa  Range  (Scott,  1888,  p.  32). 

293.  Vireo  belli  arizonae  Ridgway. 

ARIZONA  VIREO. 

Synonyms — Vireo  bellii;  Vireo  pusillus ;  Virco  belli  pusillus. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  southern  and  western  Arizona.  Found 
along  the  Colorado  River  at  least  as  far  north  as  Fort  Mohave  (Cooper,  1861, 
p.  122)  and  the  Big  Sandy  (Stephens,  1903,  p.  104).  In  eastern  Arizona  it  breeds 
abundantly  in  the  valleys  of  the  Santa  Cruz  and  San  Pedro,  as  in  all  probability 
it  does  along  the  Gila  River  also.  The  northernmost  points  to  which  it  has  been 
traced  in' central  Arizona  are  the  Gila  River,  Graham  County,  in  September  (Hen- 
shaw,  i875b,  p.  225),  and  a  point  fifty  miles  south  of  Fort  Whipple,  breeding 
(Cones,  i866a,  p.  76). 

294.  Vireo  vicinior  Coues. 

GRAY  VIREO. 

Status — A  summer  visitant,  reported  thus  far  from  a  few  scattered  localities 
in  the  northern,  and  eastern  parts  of  the  state.  Coues  (i866a,  p.  75)  secured  a 
single  specimen,  the  type  of  the  species,  at  Fort  Whipple,  Henshaw  (i875b,  p. 
227)  took  migrating  birds  at  Camp  Bowie  in  August,  and  at  Camp  Lowell  in-  Sep- 
tember, and  Stephens  (1878,  p.  93)  found  it  on  the  Gila  River,  presumably  about 
at  the  Arizona-New  Mexico  boundary,  and  also  near  Tucson  in  April  (Brewster, 
1882,  p.  142).  Apparently  the  only  positive  published  breeding  record  for  Ari- 
zona is  that  of  Scott  (i885a,  p.  321),  who  reported  the  species  as  a  common  sum- 
mer visitant  on  the  eastern  slope  of  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  ranging  from 
2800  to  4000  feet.  Merriam  (1890,  p.  .<o)  found  't  at  the  Grand  Canon  of  the 
Colorado  in  September,  and  Fisher  (1903.  p.  35)  at  Keam  Canon  in  July  and 
August,  and  it  may  be  presumed  to  breed  at  both  places. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  »>7 

295.  Protonotaria  citrea  (Boddaert). 

PROTHONOTARY  WARBLER. 

Status — Only  one  record,  that  of  a  specimen  taken  by  E.  W.  Nelson  at  Tuc- 
son, May  i,  1884  (Cooke,  1904,  p.  23). 

296.  Vermivora  luciae  (Cooper). 

LUCY  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Helminthophaga  luciae;  Helminthophila  luciae. 

Status — An  exceedingly  abundant  summer  visitant  in  the  low  river  valleys 
of  southern  and  western  Arizona.  Common  in  the  valleys  of  the  Santa  Cruz  and 
San  Pedro,  along  the  Gila  (probably  not  above  its  junction  with  the  San  Pedro), 
and  along  the  Colorado.  Ranges  north  along  the  Colorado  to  Fort  Mohave  at 
least,  in  central  Arizona  to  Fort  Whipple.  Its  northern  boundary  is  probably  de- 
termined by  the  rise  of  the  country  toward  the  Central  Plateau  Region.  Restrict- 
ed almost  entirely  to  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone,  but  in  a  few  places  it  ranges  into 
Upper  Sonoran:  west  slope  of  the  Santa  Rita  Mountains  (Swarth,  19053,  p.  81)  ; 
west  slope  of  the  Huachuca  Mountains  (Willard,  icpSb,  p.  206).  Not  reported 
from  east  of  the  San  Pedro  River. 

297.  Vermivora  virginiae  (Baird). 

VIRGINIA  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Helminthophaga  mrginiae  ;  Helminthophila  virginiae. 

Status — An  abundant  migrant,  and  a  fairly  common  summer  visitant  in  the 
Transition  zone  of  some,  probably  all,  of  the  higher  mountain  ranges.  It  has 
been  found  in  the  summer  months  in  the  White,  Santa  Catalina,  Huachuca,  and 
San  Francisco  mountains.  Rare  in  the  Hualpai  Mountains,  where  Stephens 
(1903,  p.  104)  saw  several  in  June.  Of  occasional  occurrence  in  the  low  valleys 
i  luring  the  migrations. 

298.  Vermivora  rubricapilla  gutturalis  (Ridgway). 

CALAVERAS  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Helminthophaga  ruficapilla;  Helminthophila  ruficapilla;  Hel- 
minthopila  ruficapilla  gutturalis;  Helminthophila  rubricapilla  gutturalis. 

Status — Abundant  and  generally  distributed  during  the  migrations.  Re- 
ported from  the  valley  of  the  Colorado  River  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.),  from  San 
Francisco  Mountain  in  the  north,  and  from  the  Huachuca,  Santa  Rita  and  Santa 
Catalina  mountains,  and  the  valley  of  the  San  Pedro  River,  in  southern  Arizona. 

299.  Vermivora  celata  celata  (Say). 

ORANGE-CROWNED  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Helminthophila  celata;  Vermivora  celata  orestera. 

Status — But  few  records  from  Arizona.  Reported  from  Mount  Graham 
(breeding),  San  Francisco  Mountains,  San  Pedro  River,  Adonde,  Tucson,  Fort 
Huachuca,  and  Bisbee  (/•'.  r.  orestera  Oberholser,  1905,  p.  243);  from  the 
Huachuca  Mountains  and  San  Pedro  River  in  April  and  September  (Swarth, 
1904!),  p.  52)  ;  and  from  the  Colorado  Valley  (Needles,  Cibola.  Picacho,  and  Pilot 
Knob)  from  February  to  May  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

3°°-  Vermivora  celata  lutescens  (Ridgway). 

LUTESCENT  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Hclminthophaga  celata;  Hclminthophila  celata  lutescens. 

Status — An  abundant  migrant,  occurring  in  all  parts  of  Arizona.  Has  been 
found  at  every  point  where  collecting  has  been  carried  on  in  the  spring  and  fall. 

3or-  Peucedramus  olivaceus   (Giraud). 

OLIVE  WARBLER. 

Synonym — Dendroica  olivacea. 

Status — Breeds  in  the  Transition  zone  of  the  mountains  of  southern  and 
central  Arizona.  Has  been  found  in  the  Huachuca,  Chiricahua,  Santa  Catalina. 
Mogollon  and  White  mountains,  and  on  Mount  Graham,  and  there  are  other  high 
ranges  at  intermediate  points  where  it  will  also  probably  be  found.  It  does  not 
appear  to  be  very  abundant  in  any  part  of  its  range  in  Arizona.  A  few  individ- 
uals probably  remain  through  the  winter,  as  it  has  been  reported  from  the  Santa 
Catalina  Mountains,  at  10,000  feet  altitude,  November  26-29  (Scott,  i885b,  p. 
172),  and  from  the  Huachuca  Mountains  at  9000  feet,  February  21  (Swarth, 
I904b,  p.  53). 

302.  Dendroica  aestiva  sonorana  Brewster. 

SONORA  YELLOW  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Dendroica  aestiva,  part;  Dendroica  aestiva  morcoiui,  part. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  in  southern  and  western  Arizona,  ap- 
parently confined  almost  entirely  to  the  Lower  Sonoran  river  valleys,  the  Colorado 
and  the  Gila,  with  their  tributaries.  Has  been  reported  from  various  points  along 
these  streams :  Fort  Mohave,  Yuma,  Gila  Bend,  Tucson,  Tombstone,  etc. ;  and 
occasionally  from  localities  in  Upper  Sonoran :  Santa  Cataiina  Mountains,  resi- 
dent up  to  4500  feet  (Scott,  1888,  p.  34)  The  northernmost  record  I  have  seen 
from  central  Arizona  is  from  Fort  Verde  (Coale,  1894,  p.  218).  I  know  of  no 
breeding  record  of  a  yellow  warbler  from  any  point  in  Arizona  north  of  the 
Mogollon  Divide ;  what  form  it  is  that  migrates  through  this  region  I  do  not 
know  (Dendroica  aestiva  Merriam,  1890,  p.  98,  San  Francisco  Mountain,  etc., 
August  and  September;  Fisher,  189313,  p.  113,  confluence  of  Beaverdam  and  Vir- 
gin rivers,  May;  etc.). 

303.  Dendroica  aestiva  brev/steri  Grinnell. 

CALIFORNIA  YELLOW  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Dendroira  aestiva,  part;  Dendroica  aestiva  morcomi,  part. 

Status — A  common  migrant  in  southern  Arizona.  I  have  seen  specimens 
from  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  in  the  extreme  southeastern  portion  of  the  state 
(Swarth,  1904^  p.  53),  and  from  points  on  the  Colorado  River  (Mus.  Vert. 
Zool.).  These  are  distinctly  D.  a.  brcivsteri,  as  distinguished  from  D.  a.  aestiva 
of  the  eastern  United  States. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA      .  69 

304.  Dendroica  coronata    (Linnaeus). 

MYRTLE;  WARBLER. 

Status — Four  records:  One  from  the  Chiricahua  Mountains,  March  26, 
1881  (Brewster,  1882,  p.  137)  ;  one  from  Tucson,  January  28,  1886  (Scott,  1888, 
p.  34)  :  Pima  Indian  Reservation,  September,  "one  seen"  (Breninger,  iQoia,  p. 
46)  ;  Tucson,  one  seen  January  28,  1912  (Sloanaker,  1913,  p.  197). 

305.  Dendroica  auduboni  auduboni  (Townsend). 

AUDUBON  WARBLER. 
Synonym — Sylvicola  andubonii. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  high  Transition  and  upward  in  the 
mountains  of  northern  Arizona :  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Mogollon  Mountains, 
etc.  Abundant  in  winter  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  valleys  of  the  southern  and  west- 
ern parts  of  the  state:  Tucson,  San  Pedro  River,  Yuma,  etc.  Winter  visitant  in 
the  Colorado  Valley  at  least  as  far  north  as  Fort  Mohave.  Occasional  in  winter 
.  at  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  69).  Very  abundant  and  of  general  distri- 
bution during  the  migrations. 

306.  Dendroica  auduboni  nigrifrons  Brewster. 

BLACK-FRONTED  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Dendroica  auduboni,  part :  Dendroica  nigrifrons. 

Status — Reported  from  the  Hnachuca  and  the  Chiricahua  mountains,  where 
it  is  a  fairly  common  summer  visitant  in  the  Transition  zone.  D.  o.  auduboni  has 
been  recorded  as  an  uncommon  summer  visitant  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains 
(Scott,  1888,  p.  34).  but  I  have  seen  typical  examples  of  nigrifrons  (in  the  col- 
lection of  F.  S.  Daggett)  taken  in  these  mountains  in  June,  1906,  so  that  the  breed- 
ing range  of  this  form  extends  at  least  that  far  north.  Probably  it  includes  all  the 
high  mountains  south  of  the  Mogollon  Plateau,  but  it  is  impossible  at  present  to  in- 
dicate exactly  the  dividing  line  between  the  breeding  ranges  of  nigrifrons  and 
andiiboni.  From  the  critical  comments  made  upon  Dendroica  andnboni  by  Coues 
in  his  "List  of  Birds  of  Fort  Whipple"  (i866a,  p.  69)  it  is  evident  that  he  collect- 
ed in  that  region  specimens  approximating  the  characters  of  D.  a.  nigrifrons. 

307.  Dendroica  graciae  Baird. 

GRACE  WARBLER. 

Status — A  summer  visitant  in  the  Transition  zone  of  eastern  and  central 
Arizona,  apparently  least  abundant  in  the  extreme  southern  part  of  the  state.  Tn 
the  Huachuca  Mountains  it  is  common  during  the  migrations,  but  decidedly  rare 
in  the  breeding  season.  Reported  from  the  Huachuca,  Chiricahua,  Santa  Catalina. 
Mogollon,  and  White  mountains.  San  Francisco  Mountain  and  Fort  Whipple. 
There  is  no  record  of  its  occurrence  in  the  lowlands  during  the  migrations. 

308.  Dendroica  nigrescens  (Townsend). 
BLACK-THROATED  GRAY  WARBLER. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  in  low  Transition  throughout  Arizona. 
Has  been  found  breeding  in  the  Huachuca,  Santa  Rita.  Whetstone,  and  Santa 
Catalina  mountains,  San  Francisco  Mountain,  and  at  Fort  Whipple.  Abundant 
and  generally  distributed  during  the  migrations. 


70  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

309.  Dendroica  virens  (Gmelin). 

BLACK-THROATED  GREEN   WARBLER. 

Status — Only  one  record  for  Arizona,  that  of  an  adult  male  secured  at  Ram- 
say Canon,  Huachnca  Mountains,  May  9,  1895  (Fisher,  1904,  p..  81). 

310.  Dendroica  townsendi  (Townsend). 

TOWNSEND  WARBLER. 

Status — An  abundant  migrant  at  all  altitudes,  both  spring  and  fall,  reported 
from  many  scattered  localities  throughout  the  state  (San  Francisco  Mountain, 
Huachuca  Mountains,  Tucson,  Yuma,  etc.).  Scott  (1888,  p.  35)  took  one  speci- 
men at  Mineral  Creek,  Final  County,  November  2,  1882,  but  there  are  no  mid- 
winter records. 

311.  Dendroica  occidentalis  ( Townsend ) . 

HERMIT  WARBLER. 

Status — An  abundant  migrant,  occurring  in  all  parts  of  Arizona  in  the  spring 
and  fall.  Reported  from  Fort  Whipple,  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Huachuca 
Mountains,  Yuma,  etc. 

312.  Seiurus  noveboracensis  notabilis  Ridgway. 

ALASKA  WATER-THRUSH. 

Synonyms — Seiurus  tenuirostris ;  Seiurus  noveboracensis;  Sinrns  naevius. 

Status — A  rare  migrant.  The  published  records  are  as  follows:  Rio  Col- 
orado, October  (Gambel,  1843,  P-  261)  ;  one  specimen,  Camp  Crittenden,  August 
(Henshaw,  i875b,  p.  204)  ;  one  specimen,  adult  male,  Tucson,  May  4  (Brew- 
ster,  1882,  p.  138)  :  two  specimens.  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  3500  feet,  an  adult 
female  on  September  2,  and  an  adult  male  on  September  3.  1884  (Scott,  1888 
p.  35)  ;  one  specimen,  Huachuca  Mountains,  5500  feet,  August  31,  1903  (Swarth. 
I904b,  p.  56). 

313.  Oporomis  tolmiei  (Townsend). 

MACGILLIVRAY  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Gcothlypis  macgilKwayi;  Gcothlypis  Philadelphia  var.  macgilh- 
rrayi;  Gcothlypis  tolmiei. 

Status — A  summer  visitant  in  the  higher  mountains  of  central  Arizona.  Fort 
Whipple,  April  to  September  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  70)  ;  east  central  Arizona,  "com- 
mon summer  resident''  (Henshaw,  i875a,  p.  156).  Abundant  and  generally  dis- 
tributed during:  the  migrations. 

314.  Geothlypis  trichas  occidentalis  Brewster. 

WESTERN  YEI.LOWTTTROAT. 

Synonym — Geothlypis  trichas,  part. 

Status — A  common  migrant,  and,  on  the  lower  Colorado  River,  a  winter  visi- 
tant. ATay  breed  in  northern  Arizona,  a  summer  record  from  Fort  Whipple 
(Coues,  i866a,  p.  69),  possibly  pertaining  to  this  subspecies.  Colorado  River  be- 
low Yuma,  December  (Price,  1899.  p.  93).  Huachuca  Mountains,  migrant 
(Swarth,  iQO4b,  p.  56). 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  71 

315.  Geothlypis  trichas  scirpicola  Grinnell. 

TULE  YELLOWTHKOAT. 

Synonyms — Geothlypis  trichas,  part;  Geothlypis  trichas  occidentalis,  part. 

Status — Breeds  in  the  valleys  of  extreme  southern  Arizona.  _and  along  the 
lower  Colorado  River,  but  from  the  generally  unfavorable  nature  of  the  region 
outside  of  the  latter  district,  it  occurs  in  but  small  numbers,  and  at  widely  scat- 
tered intervals.  Found  in  summer  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson  (Scott,  1888,  p.  35), 
on  the  San  Pedro  River  (Swarth,  1904^,  p.  56),  and  on  the  lower  Colorado  Riv- 
er (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.).  For  the  use  of  the  name  scirpicola  for  the  breeding  yel- 
lowthroat  of  southern  Arizona,  see  Swarth,  1912,  p.  71. 

316.  Icteria  virens  longlcauda  Lawrence. 

LONG-TAILED  CHAT. 

Synonyms — Icteria  viridis ;  Icteria  longicauda. 

Status — Abundant  summer  visitant  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  river  valleys,  and 
through  the  Upper  Sonoran  zone  in  the  lower  canons  of  the  mountain  ranges. 
Found  in  summer  at  Fort  Mohave,  Fort  Whipple,  Fort  Grant,  Tucson,  Fort 
Apache,  Huachuca  Mountains,  etc. 

317.  Wilsonia  pusilla  pileolata  (Pallas). 

PILEOLATED  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Myiodioctes  pusillus;  Myiodioctes  pusillus  pilcolatus,  part ;  My- 
iodioctes  pilcolatus ;  Syh'ania  pusilla  pileolata;  Sylvania  pusilla,  part. 

Status — The  only  breeding  record  for  Arizona  is  that  of  Coues  (i866a,  p.  71) 
who  reported  the  species  as  a  common  summer  visitant  about  Fort  Whipple,  where 
he  found  it  from  May  to  September.  Jt  is  an  exceedingly  common  migrant  in  al! 
parts  of  the  state,  and  one  that  is  found  at  all  altitudes. 

318.  Wilsonia  pusilla  chryseola  Ridgway. 

GOLDEN   PILEOLATED  WARBLER. 

Synonyms — Myiodioctes  pusillus  pilcolatus,  part;  Sylvania  pusilla,  part. 

Status — Occurs  "during  migration  southward  and  eastward  to  ... 
Arizona  (Final  County,  September.  October;  Lowell,  April;  Fort  Verde,  May: 
San  Francisco  Mountains,  August  31;  Cienega ;  Tucson)"  (Ridgway,  1902,  p. 
714).  Observed  as  a  common  migrant  in  the  Colorado  Valley,  between  Cheme- 
huevis  Valley  and  Potholes  in  the  spring  of  1910  (Mus.  Vert  Zool.). 

319.  Setophaga  mticilla  (Linnaeus). 

AMERICAN  REDSTART. 

Status — Its  occurrence  in  Arizona  is  based  upon  the  record  by  Scott  ( 1888, 
p.  36),  of  two  specimens,  an  adult  male  taken  by  himself  in  the  Santa  Catalina 
Mountains,  4500  feet  elevation,  August  12,  1884,  and  another  taken  by  Herbert 
Rrown  at  Tucson 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

320.  Setophaga  picta  Swainson. 

PAINTED  REDSTART. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  in  the  high  mountains  of  southern  and 
central  Arizona,  in  low  Transition  and  high  Upper  Sonoran.  Found  as  far  north 
as  the  Mogollon  Mo'.mtains  and  the  Tonto  Basin  (Mearns,  i8ox)a,  p.  261).  Re- 
ported from  Camp  Apache,  Mount  Graham,  and  the  Chiricahua,  Santa  Rita, 
Uuachuca.  Santa  Catalina,  and  Whetstone  mountains. 

321.  Cardellina  rubrifrons  (Giraud). 

RED-FACED  WARBLER. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  the  Transition  zone  of  the  mountains 
of  southeastern  Arizona.  The  northernmost  point  to  which  it  has  been  traced  is 
the  Mogollon  Mountains  (Mearns,  iSqoa,  p.  261),  and  it  has  also  been  found  in 
summer  at  Fort  Apache,  Mount  Graham,  the  Santa  Catalina,  Santa  Rita,  and 
Huachuca  mountains.  There  are  other  high  ranges  from  which  there  are  no  re- 
ports, where  it  undoubtedly  occurs. 

322.  Anthus  rubescens  (Tunstall). 

AMERICAN  PIPIT. 

Synonyms — Anthus  ludovicianns ;  Anthus  pcnsih'anicus. 

Status — A  common  winter  visitant  in  the  lowlands  of  southern  and  western 
Arizona,  reported  from  various  scattered  localities — Fort  Whipple,  Yuma,  Tuc- 
son, etc.  No  winter  records  from  points  north  of  the  Mogollon  Divide.  Possibly 
breeds  on  San  Francisco  Mountain,  where  it  was  found  at  timber  line  in  the  late 
summer  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  99). 

323.  Cinclus  mexicanus  unicolor  Bonaparte. 

AMERICAN  DIPPER. 

Synonyms — Hydrobata  me.ricana;  Cinclus  mexicanus. 

Status — There  are  but  three  definite  published  statements  in  regard  to  the  oc- 
currence of  the  dipper  in  Arizona.  Although  Cones  (i866a,  p.  66)  included  the 
species  in  his  list  of  birds  of  Fort  Whipple,  he  did  not  himself  meet  with  it.  Hen- 
shaw  (i875b,  p.  159)  found  it  fairly  common  in  summer  on  some  of  the  streams 
of  the  White  Mountains;  Brewster  (1882,  p.  76)  records  a  specimen  secured  in 
the  Chiricahua  Mountains,  March  20 ;  and  one  was  seen  in  the  Huachuca  Moun- 
tains, August  4,  1902  (Swarth,  1904^  p.  59). 

324.  Oreoscoptes  montanus  (Townsend). 

SAGE  THRASHER. 

Synonym — Mimus  montanus. 

Status — An  abundant  winter  visitant  of  the  plains  and  valleys  of  southern 
Arizona,  reported  from  many  localities  between  Yuma  and  the  eastern  boundary ; 
also  along  the  lower  Colorado  River.  I  know  of  no  winter  records  from  points 
north  of  the  Mogollon  Divide.  There  are  no  published  instances  of  its  breeding 
in  Arizona,  though  it  may  be  found  doing  so  in  the  northeastern  portion — from 
the  Little  Colorado  River  northward — where  Merriam  (1890,  p.  100)  observed  it 
in  small  numbers  in  the  late  summer  of  1889. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  73 

325.  Mimus  polyglottos  leucopterus  (Vigors). 

WESTERN  MOCKINGBIRD. 

Synonyms — Minuis  polyglottns;  Mimus  polyglottiis  var.  caudatus. 

Status- — A  common  summer  visitant  in  the  Lower  SonorarT  valleys,  and  in 
places  extending  up  into  Upper  Sonoran.  It  is  permanently  resident  in  the  hot 
valleys  of  southern  Arizona,  but  there  is  a  vertical  migration  downward  from  the 
foothill  regions  where  it  occurs  in  summer ;  and  possibly  an  entire  departure  from 
northern  Arizona  during  the  winter  months.  Cones  (i866a,  p.  65)  speaks  of  it 
as  a  summer  resident  only  in  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Whipple,  and  Osgood  (1903,  p. 
150)  mentions  its  arrival  in  the  Sulphur  Spring  Valley,  Cochise  County,  on  April 
15.  In  the  foothills  of  the  Huachuca  Mountains  it  occurs  in  summer  only,  while 
it  is  reported  in  February  from  a  point  on  the  San  Pedro  River,  fifteen  miles  dis- 
tant and  about  five  hundred  feet  lower  (Willard,  IQIOC,  p.  no).  The  few  records 
from  northern  Arizona  (Little  Colorado  River,  Keam  Canon,  and  Hualpai  Moun- 
tains), are  all  for  the  summer  months. 

Probably  a  winter  visitant  only  on  the  Colorado  River  below  Needles  (Mus. 
Vert.  Zool.). 

326.  Toxostoma  rufum  (Linnaeus). 

BROWN  THRASHER. 

Status — But  one  record  for  Arizona,  that  of  a  male  bird  taken  in  the  foot- 
hills of  the  Huachuca  Mountains  (4500  feet  altitude),  on  October  5,  1907 
(Swarth,  1908,  p.  115). 

327.  Toxostoma  cnrvirostre  palmeri  (Cones). 

PALMER  THRASHER. 

Synonyms — 7 o.rnstoiua  rctula;  Harporhynchus  citrrirostris ;  Harporhynchus 
cunirostris  palneri. 

Status — A  common  resident  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  valleys  of  southeastern 
Arizona.  It?  range  has  been  traced  east  to  the  valley  of  the  San  Pedro  (Brew- 
ster,  1882,  p.  71),  north  to  the  Hassayampa  (1.  c.)  and  the  Big  Sandy  (Stephens, 
1903,  p.  105),  to  Fort  Grant  (Coues,  1868,  p.  83)  and  the  Salt  River.  Valley. 

328.  Toxostoma  bendirei  (Coues). 

BENDIRE  THRASHER. 

Synonyms — Harporhynchus  bendirei;  PlarporhyncJius  cincrcus  var.  bendirei. 

Status — Locally  a  common  resident  in  the  Lower  Sonoran  valleys  of  south- 
eastern and  northeastern  Arizona,  but  our  present  knowledge  seems  to  indicate  an 
exceedingly  irregular  and  disconnected  range.  In  southeastern  Arizona  it  is  very 
abundant  in  the  valley  of  the  Santa  Cruz,  west  of  the  Santa  Rita  Mountains,  whih 
it  is  almost  unknown  east  of  that  range.  It  is  common  in  the  plains  and  valleys 
stretching  northwest  of  Tucson,  as  far  as  Phoenix  and  along  the  Gila  River  at 
least  as  far  as  Gila  Bend  (Pember,  1892,  p.  6).  In  northern  Arizona  it  has  been 
reported  from  Keam  Canon  in  July  and  August  (Fisher.  1903,  p.  35),  and  from 
Beale  Spring  in  July  (Stephens,  1903,  p.  105). 


74  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

329.  Toxostoma  lecontei  lecontei  Lawrence. 

LECONTE  THRASHER. 

Synonyms — Harporhynchus  lecontei;  Harporhynchus  rediz'iints  lecontei. 

Status — A  resident  of  the  arid  Lower  Sonoran  plains  of  southern  and  western 
Arizona.  In  the  valley  of  the  Colorado  River  north  to  the  extreme  northwestern 
corner  of  the  state  (Merriam,  1895,  p.  59)  ;  east  in  the  valley  of  the  Gila  about  to 
Phoenix,  Maricopa,  Casa  Grande,  and  Picacho  Peak  (Mearns.  i886b,  p.  299)  ; 
its  northwestern  limits  at  the  base  of  the  Plateau  escarpment  (Merriam,  1.  c.). 
In  southern  Arizona  it  has  not  been  observed  at  any  point  east  of  the  valley  of 
the  Santa  Cruz  River. 

330.  Toxostoma  crissale  Henry. 

CRISSAL  THRASHER. 

Synonym — Harporhynchus  crissalis. 

Status — Common  resident,  principally  in  Lower  Sonoran ;  locally  abundant 
but  rather  irregularly  distributed.  Ranges  north  in  the  valley  of  the  Colorado 
River  as  far  as  the  mouth  of  Diamond  Creek,  Mohave  County  (Mcarns,  i886b, 
p.  292)  ;  in  central  Arizona  to  Fort  Verde  (Mearns.  1.  c.).  In  the  valley  of  the 
Gila  it  has  been  traced  east  to  the  mouth  of  San  Carlos  Creek  (Mearns,  1.  c.).  In 
southeastern  Arizona  it  is  common  at  Fort  Bowie,  and  in  the  valleys  of  the  San 
Pedro  and  Santa  Cruz  rivers ;  in  the  northwest  reported  as  breeding  in  the  Hual- 
pai  Mountains  (Stephens,  1903,  p.  105).  There  are  no  records  from  northeastern 
Arizona,  and  in  all  probability  its  range  in  this  direction  is  limited  by  the  great 
Mogollon  Divide. 

331.  Heleodytes  brunneicapillus  couesi  (Sharpe). 

CACTUS  WREN. 

Synonyms — Campylor/i  \nclnis  brunneicapillus ;  Heleodytes  bnmneicapillns  ; 
Heleodytes  brunneicapillus  anthonyi. 

Status — A  common  resident  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  in  southern  and 
western  Arizona.  Most  abundant  in  the  hot  valleys  of  the  southern  part  of  the 
state.  In  western  Arizona  ranges  as  far  north  as  Beale  Spring  (Stephens,  1903, 
p.  105)  ;  in  eastern  Arizona  there  are  no  records  from  north  of  the  Gila  River. 

332.  Salpinctes  obsoletus  obsoletus  (Say). 

ROCK  WREN. 

Synonyms — Troglodytes  obsoletus;  Thryothorus  obsoletus. 

Status — Has  been  found  in  every  part  of  Arizona  where  observations  have 
been  made.  In  the  southern  valleys  a  permanent  resident,  but  in  the  north  prob- 
ably found  in  summer  only  (s*ee  Coues,  i866a,  p.  77),  as  also  in  the  higher  moun- 
tains. 

333.  Catherpes  mexicanus  conspersus  Ridgway. 

CANON  WREN. 

Synonyms — Thryothorus  mexicanus;  Catherpes  mexicanus;  Catherpes  mexi- 
canus punctulatus;  Catherpes  mexicanus  pofioptilits. 


BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  75 

Status — Common  resident  in  suitable  localities  throughout  the  state,  rang- 
ing through  Lower  and  Upper  Sonoran  into  lower  Transition.  Most  abundant 
in  the  Upper  Sonoran  zone  of  the  various  mountain  ranges,  but  found  also  on  low, 
rocky  hills  in  the  hot  southern  valleys,  along  the  Colorado  River,  and  on  the  des- 
erts of  northeastern  Arizona. 

334.  Thryomanes  bewicki  eremophilus  Oberholser. 

DESERT  WREN. 

Synonyms — Thryothorus  bewickU;  Thryothorus  bewicki  leucogaster;  Thryo- 
manes bcwickl  leucogaster;  Thryothorus  bezvickii  murinus;  Thryothorus  bewickii 
bairdi;  Thryomanes  bewickii  bairdi;  Thryomanes  beunckii  drymoccus. 

Status — Common  resident  in  the  Upper  and  Lower  Sonoran  zones  of  south- 
ern, and  parts  of  western,  Arizona.  Has  been  reported  in  summer  from  the  Chiri- 
cahua,  Huachuca,  Santa  Rita  and  Santa  Catalina  mountains,  Santa  Cruz  River 
near  Tucson,  Fort  Whipple,  the  Big  Sandv  River,  and  many  intermediate  points, 
all  south  and  west  of  the  Mogollon  Divide.  T  have  seen  no  records  from  Arizona 
localities  north  of  that  range.  A  winter  visitant  only  in  the  lower  Colorado  Valley 
(Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 

335.  Troglodytes  aedon  parkmani  Audubon. 

PARKMAN  WREN. 

Synonyms — Troglodytes  parkmanni;  Troglodytes  domesticus  parkmani; 
Troglodytes  aedon;  Troglodytes  aedon  marianae ;  Troglodytes  aedon  aztecus. 

Status — A  summer  visitant  in  the  Transition  zone  of  the  higher  ranges.  Re- 
mains through  the  winter  in  the  valley  of  the  Colorado  River,  and  probably  in 
others  of  the  hot  valleys  of  southern  Arizona ;  generally  distributed  during  the 
migrations.  Has  been  found  in  summer  in  the  Santa  Catalina,  Santa  Rita, 
Huachuca,  Mogollon.  Hnalpai,  and  San  Francisco  mountains,  and  at  Fort  Whip- 
pie. 

336.  Nannus  hiemalis  pacificus  (Baird). 

WESTERN  WINTER  WREN. 

Synonym — Olbiorchihis  hiemalis  pacificus. 

Status — But  one  published  record  for  Arizona,  that  of  a  specimen  taken  in 
the  Huachuca  Mountains,  April  2,  1902  (Swarth,  1904!),  p.  60).  There  is  a  speci- 
men in  the  Field  Museum  of  Natural  History,  Chicago  (no.  8140)  labelled  "Grand 
Canon,  March,  1887." 

337.  Telmatodytes  palustris  plesius  (Oberholser). 

WESTERN  MARSH  WREN. 

Synonyms — Cistothorus  palustris ;  Telmatodytes  palustris;  Cistothorus  palu- 
stris var.  paludicola:  Cistothorus  palustris  plesius. 

Status — Possibly  a  summer  visitant  at  suitable  points,  but  the  only  definite 
record  I  have  seen  of  a  marsh  wren  as  such  is  from  Fort  Whipple,  where  Coues 
(i866a,  p.  78)  found  it  a  common  summer  resident.  There  are  singularly  few 
published  references  to  the  species,  even  as  a  migrant  in  Arizona :  Tucson,  a  rare 
migrant  (Scott,  1888,  p.  165)  ;  Moencopie,  September  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  100)  ; 
Sulphur  Spring,  Cochise  County,  March  (Osgood,  1903,  p.  151)  ;  Colorado  River, 
March.  1910  (Mus.  Vert.  Zool.). 


76  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA    '  No.  10 

338.  Certhia  familiaris  albescens  Berlepsch. 

MEXICAN  CREEPER. 

Synonym — Certhia  familiaris  mexicana. 

Status — A  common  summer  visitant  in  high  Transition  in  the  mountain 
ranges  of  extreme  southeastern  Arizona.  Reported  from  the  Chiricahua  Moun- 
tains (Brewster,  1882,  p.  81),  the  Santa  Rita  Mountains  (Brewster,  i88sb,  p. 
197),  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  (Scott,  i885c,  p.  350),  and  the  Huachuca 
Mountains  (Swarth,  1904.13,  p.  60). 

339.  Certhia  familiaris  montana  Ridgway. 

ROCKY  MOUNTAIN  CREEPER. 

Synonyms — Certhia  familiaris;  Certhia  americana;  Certhia  familiaris  var. 
amcricana. 

Status — Summer  visitant  in  the  higher  mountains  of  northern  and  central 
Arizona.  Has  been  found  breeding  on  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Mount  Graham, 
and  the  Mogollon  Mountains.  One  record  of  its  occurrence  as  a  migrant  in 
southern  Arizona  (Swarth,  1904^  P-  61  ;  Huachuca  Mountains,  March,  two 
specimens),  and  one  from  northern  Arizona  in  winter  (Kennerly,  1859,  p.  29; 
Pueblo  Creek,  January). 

340.  Sitta  carolinensis  nelsoni  Mearns. 

ROCKY  MOUNTAIN  NUTHATCH. 

Synonyms — Sitta  carolinensis;  Sitta  acitleata;  Sitta  carolinensis  aculeata. 

Status — Common  summer  visitant  in  the  Transition  zone,  sometimes  in  high 
Upper  Sonoran.  In  some  of  the  more  southern  ranges,  the  Santa  Catalina  and 
Huachuca  mountains,  it  is  known  to  remain  throughout  the  year.  In  central 
Arizona  it  is  recorded  as  a  permanent  resident  at  Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a. 
p.  78),  and  as  occurring  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains  in  summer,  and  in  the  Verde 
Valley  in  winter  (Mearns,  i89oa,  p.  262).  Found  *at  Williams  in  February 
(Wetmore,  1908,  p.  386).  The  only  record  from  the  arid  Lower  Sonoran  south- 
western portion  of  Arizona  is  from  Sacaton  (Oilman,  191  la,  p.  35),  where  it 
was  seen  from  September  3  until  the  first  week  in  December,  1910. 

341.  Sitta  canadensis  Linnaeus. 

RED-BREASTED  NUTHATCH. 

Status — There  are  very  few  Arizona  records.  One  taken  at  Fort  Yuma 
(Baird,  1861,  p.  6).  The  next  record  is  of  a  specimen  in  the  Santa  Catalina 
Mountains,  October  29,  1885  (Scott,  1888,  p.  165).  Found  breeding  in  the 
highest  parts  of  the  San  Francisco  and  Mogollon  mountains  (Mearns,  18903, 
p.  263)  ;  four  specimens  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  April  6,  1902  (Swarth, 
1904^  p.  61),  and  several  seen  at  Sacaton  during  October,  1910  (Oilman,  191  la, 
P-  35)- 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  77 

342.  Sitta  pygmaea  pygmaea  Vigors. 

PIGMY   NUTHATCH. 

Synonym — Sitta  pnsilla  var.  pygmaea. 

Status — Common  resident  in  the  Transition  zone  throughout  the  state.  Is 
apparently  non-migratory,  and  though  found  on  all  of  the  higher  mountains,  has 
never  been  observed,  even  in  winter,  in  the  intervening  low  valleys. 

343.  Baeolophus  inornatus  griseus  (Ridgway). 

GRAY  TITMOUSE. 

Synonyms — Lophophanes  inornatus;  Parus  inornatus  ridgzvayi;  Partis  in- 
ornatus griseus. 

Status — Several  records  from  the  lower  slopes  of  San  Francisco  Mountain 
and  neighboring  localities,  where  it  is  probably  resident.  Also  reported  from  the 
Grand  Canon  in  September  (Merriam,  1890,  p.  41),  from  Keam  Canon  in  July,  and 
from  Fort  Defiance  (Baird,  1861,  p.  6).  Coues  (i866a,  p.  79)  found  it  as  a 
winter  visitant  at  Fort  Whipple.  Apparently  of  rare  occurrence  in  southern 
Arizona,  judging  from  the  absence  of  records.  The  only  definite  statement  of 
its  occurrence  in  the  south  is  that  of  Brewster  (1882,  p.  79),  who  states  that  it  is 
of  rare  occurrence  in  the  Chiricahua  Mountains.  Henshaw  (i875b,  p.  167) 
speaks  of  it  as  occurring  in  the  oak  region  of  southern  Arizona,  but  mentions 
no  particular  locality,  and  lists  no  specimens. 

344.  Baeolophus  wollweberi   (Bonaparte). 

BRIDLED  TITMOUSE. 

Synonyms — Lophophanes  zvolki-ebcri;  Parus  wolhveberi;  Baeolophus  woll- 
•i^cberi  annexus. 

Status — Common  resident  of  the  Upper  Sonoran  foothill  country  of  the 
mountains  of  southeastern  and  central  Arizona.  Reported  from  nearly  all  the 
ranges  south  and  west  of  the  Mogollon  Divide,  and  as  far  north  as  Fort  Whipple 
(Coues,  i866a,  p.  79).  Occasionally  wanders  to  a  lower  zone  in  the  fall  and 
winter,  as  evidenced  by  its  occurrence  at  Sacatori  in  October  and  November, 
1909  (Gilman,  1910,  p.  46).  Preeminently  a  bird. of  the  oak  woods. 

345.  Penthestes  sclateri  (Kleinschmidt). 

MEXICAN  CHICKADEE. 

Synonym — Parus  meridionalis. 

Status — In  Arizona  it  is  known  to  occur  only  in  the  Transition  zone  of  the 
Chiricahua  Mountains  (7000  to  10,000  feet),  where  it  is  reported  to  be  not  un- 
common (Brewster,  1882,  p.  79). 

346.  Penthestes  gambeli  gambeli   (Ridgway). 

MOUNTAIN  CHICKADEE. 

Synonyms — Parus  montamts;  Poecile  montanus;  Parus  gambeli. 

Status- — Common  resident  in  the  higher  mountains  of  northern  and  central 
Arizona :  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Mogollon  Mountains,  Fort  Whipple,  etc., 
south  to  Mount  Graham.  Occurs  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  in  winter 


78  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

(specimens  in  the  collection  of  F.  S.  Daggett)  and  may  breed  in  that  range,  as 
it  has  been  seen  there  in  June  and  July  (Rhoads,  1892,  p.  125).  Mr.  F.  S.  Dag- 
gett also  has  specimens  in  his  collection  taken  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains 
in  June. 

347.  Psaltriparus  plumbeus  (Baird). 

LEAD-COLORED  BUSH-TIT. 

Synonyms — Psaltria  plumbed;  Psaltriparus  minimus  var.  plumbeus;  Psal- 
triparus santaritac;  Psaltriparus  melanotis  lloydi. 

Status — Abundant  in  Upper  Sonoran  and  Transition  zones  in  northern  and 
eastern  Arizona.  Reported  from  many  localities:  Fort  Whipple,  Keam  Canon, 
Little  Colorado  River,  Hualpai,  Huachuca,  Santa  Rita,  and  Chiricahua  moun- 
tains, etc.  There  are  no  records  from  the  arid  southwestern  portion  of  the  state, 
nor  from  the  Colorado  River  Valley,  at  its  western  border. 

348.  Auriparus  flaviceps  flaviceps  (Sundevall). 

VERDIN. 

Synonym — Paroides  flaviceps. 

Status — Common  resident  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  valleys  of  southern  and 
western  Arizona.  Occurs  along  the  Colorado  River  to  the  extreme  northwestern 
corner  of  the  state  (Beaverdam  Creek,  Fisher,  i893b,  p.  142).  In  eastern  Arizona 
it  is  not  reported  from  any  point  north  of  the  Gila  River.  The  northern  and 
eastern  limits  of  its  range  are  formed  by  the  rising  slopes  of  the  mountains  form- 
ing the  great  divide  which  extends  diagonally  across  the  state. 

349.  Regulus  calendula  calendula  (Linnaeus). 

RUBY-CROWNED  KINGLET. 

Status — A  summer  visitant  of  the  higher  parts  of  the  mountains  of  northern 
and  central  Arizona.  Recorded  as  breeding  on  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Mount 
Graham,  and  the  Mogollon,  White  and  Chiricahua  mountains.  Known  to  breed 
also  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  (F.  C.  Willard,  MS).  Remains  through 
the  winter  in  the  lower  valleys  throughout  the  state.  Generally  distributed  dur- 
ing the  migrations. 

350.  Polioptila  caerulea  obscura  Ridgway. 

WESTERN  GNATCATCHER. 

Synonym — Polioptila  caerulea. 

Status — Breeds  principally  in  the  Upper  Sonoran  zone.  Definitely  re- 
ported in  summer  from  San  Francisco  Mountain,  Fort  Whipple,  and  the  Hualpai 
Mountains,  in  the  north ;  and  from  the  Santa  Catalina  and  Huachuca  mountains 
in  southern  Arizona.  In  winter  occurs  locally  in  the  warmer  valleys  of  southern 
Arizona  (Tucson,  etc.),  and  along  the  lower  Colorado  River,  from  Needles 
southward. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  79 

351.  Polioptila  plumbea  (Baird). 

PLUMBEOUS  GNATCATCHER. 

Synonyms — Culicrrora  plumbea;  Polioptila  melanura;  Polioptila  caerulea 
var.  plumbea. 

Status — Fairly  common  resident  of  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  of  southern, 
western,  and  parts  of  northern  Arizona.  Found  breeding  in  all  the  low  valleys 
south  of  the  Mogollon  Divide  (Gila,  Santa  Cruz,  San  Pedro,  etc.),  north  to 
Fort  Whipple  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  66)  and  Fort  Mohave.  Also  reported  in  sum- 
mer from  Keam  Canon,  in  northwestern  Arizona  (Fisher,  1903,  p.  36).  As  it 
has  been  taken  at  some  of  the  northernmost  points  of  record  in  Arizona  during 
the  winter  months,  it  is  probably  a  permanent  resident  wherever  it  is  found  in  the 
state,  though  possibly  there  are  slight  local  migrations. 

352.  Myadestes  townsendi  (Audubon). 

TOWNSEND  SOLITAIRE. 

Synonym — Ptilogonys  townsendii. 

Status — Breeds  in  the  Boreal  zone  of  the  San  Francisco  Mountains  (Mer- 
riam,  1890,  p.  101)  ;  not  known  to  do  so  elsewhere  in  Arizona,  though  it  may 
prove  to  be  a  summer  visitant  in  some  other  of  the  higher  ranges  (Mogollon 
Mountains,  White  Mountains,  etc.).  A  pair  of  birds  seen  in  the  Huachuca 
Mountains  during  June,  1910,  under  circumstances  possibly  indicative  of  their 
breeding  (F.  C.  Willard,  MS).  A  common  migrant  in  the  Upper  Sonoran  and 
Transition  zones,  observed  at  various  points  in  eastern  Arizona.  Seen  in  north- 
ern Arizona  in  January  and  February  (Kennedy,  1859,  p.  25).  Has  occurred 
through  the  winter  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  (Scott,  1888,  p.  167),  and  in 
the  Dragoon  Mountains  (Osgoocl,  1903,  p.  151). 

353.  Hylocichla  fuscescens  salicicola  Ridgway. 

WILLOW  THRUSH. 

Synonym — Turdus  fuscescens  salicicolus. 

Status — The  only  positive  record  for  Arizona  is  that  of  a  specimen  taken  by 
Herbert  Brown  at  Tucson,  in  May,  1882  (Scott,  1888,  p.  167).  Breninger  (lo/Ha, 
p.  46)  reported  one  as  seen  on  the  Pima  Indian  Reservation,  south  of  Phoenix, 
in  September  [1900?],  but  the  bird  was  not  taken. 

354.  Hylocichla  ustulata  ustulata  (Nuttall). 

RUSSET-BACKED  THRUSH. 

Synonyms — Turdus  ustitlaius;  Hylocichla  ustulata  swainsoni. 

Status — Although  there  are  singularly  few  records  of  the  occurrence  of  this 
species  in  Arizona,  it  is  nevertheless  a  common  migrant  in  the  southern  and 
western  parts  of  the  state.  The  published  records  are  as  follows :  Santa  Rita 
Mountains,  May  17,  1881,  one  specimen  (Brewster,  1882,  p.  68)  ;  Fort  Lowell, 
May  21,  1884,  one  specimen  (Brewster.  i8S5a,  p.  85)  ;  Yuma,  May,  three  speci- 
mens (Morcom,  1887,  p.  57)  ;  Huachuca  Mountains,  common  migrant  in  the 
spring  (Swarth,  1904!),  p.  63).  Re-examination  of  specimens  recorded  as  H.  u. 
i  (Swarth,  1.  c.)  shows  them  all  to  be  examples  of  H.  u.  ustulata. 


*"  PACIFIC    COAST     \\U.\MNA  N...  lu 

355'  Hylocichla  gutiata  guttata   (Pallas). 

KAIHAK    I  IKKM  IT  TIIKHSII. 

Synonym  /'unlit*  //(//MM.  Ih.'la,  i,  III,  i  11,111,1,  I'm,  In*  /'it  I  lu^i  vai.  //(//MM. 
/'///(//M  iinuld*,,!,'  .  I'm,  In*  (/.  •//(//,/  \,  ///,•(/,• 

Slain'.      .....  mi.  MI    imiM.iiil    .in.l    \\mlei     MMl.iiil     in    (In-    valleys    ..ml     1'ixilliil!-. 

"i  -mil,  MI  Ari/Miia.  ami  aloni;  (he  (  'olorado  Uivcr  \eide  Vallcv,  winlri 
'  \l«-anr..  iS.|<u,  p.  263);  {Sanla  I'al.ilina  Moimlains,  winter  (Scott,  l88K,  |,. 
!'•;  i;  l-'-'M  \\lnpple,  mi'M.nil  (C.Hiev,  i.Xu.,-1.  p.  (,5).  ||  h;i:,  m,l  hccn  reported 

hi'iii  am    |H,INI    in    \ri/ona   n-mli  .nnl   c-asl   <•!'  llu-    M«  i!',<'||..n    Dividi1 


Hylociohla  guttata  auduboni   (Btird) 

M'M'NTAIN    I  IKKM  IT   TllKI'SII. 

s      I  in  dii*    /'<f//(/.v»     vai.    ,n<tliilx»ii  ,      Tin  tin*      nii,il,i*,  ,/,•     ,ni<lnhoni; 
iioiiiilnstlikti,'   iiinlitlnnn  .    Tin  tin*    :•»//,////•.    tnninh^ni. 
Stains      Sliiniiirr    visilanl    in    ilic    ln;;lici    m<  niiilain  •,   •>!    ihnlhciu    .m<|    eastern 
Ari/.ona.    I  las    lici-n    i<>iin,|    hicrdin^    <>n    Mmiiil    (liahaui     i  I  Iciisliau  .     iS;.Sl),     p. 
144),   Ilic    M«I;.()||I,M    M.  mm.  mi      (  Mcains,    iS.joa.   ,.      •(  ^  )  ,   San    l-'ranrisru    Mi.iin 
lain    (  MCI  i  lam,    iS<)<>,   p.    101  )  ,  and   llu-   Cliii  ii'ahna    Monntains    il'i-lici.    I.M|,   \>. 

Si  i.  In  ilic  Santa  Catalina  Mountains  Scott  (18850,  p.  349)  found  it  very  rare  but 

appaicnlU  In  ••<••  lin^.  Ui-poilc.l  as  .1  inij.;iaiil  in  lli.  |)rai;iioii  M.uinlains  (().-, 
}.»•(  MM  I.  i«)<>^.  p.  151),  and  in  Ilic  llnarhura  Moiinlains  (  Suartli,  n>»).|l),  p.  (>4), 
Tlirrr  .iic  mi  rci-onls  limn  Inr.ililu",  in  ilic  lowlands. 

357.  Hylociohla  guttata  nanus  (Audubon). 

I  >\\  AUI'     I  ll'UMIT    TlllU'SII. 

Stains     Apparently  of  rare  occurrence  in  Arizona.    The  following  two  re- 

It  inn  <       .nc    ilic    oiil\     ones    I    lia\c    si'i'll      iclalin:;     dclnnlclx      |o     llii.s     siilispcru 
llnai'lnu-a     Moimi.mi-,.    one    speiMinrn.    Apul    (>,     i  «  i«  \\    (  Suailli.    nx>.|l>.     p.    (>.}). 

"Santa  raiah'i.'    \loiuiiains,  (  HMohrr  30;     .     .     .     l''ort  Verde,  November  9; 

I'M.  •  .on.  Jannai  \    I  ;•"  (  l\  id-\\  a\  ,   l«i<  7,  p     |j)        I'lieicr    in  I  lie   M  nscnni  i  >l   \  cr|c 
lirali-   /o..|oi;\    a  sUin    (no    i    i  .;  •  i    l.iKen   li\     I     (',    C'oopc;    at    l-'orl    Mnliavc.  Jannai  \ 


.^.sS.  Hylociohla  guttata  slcviiu  i.n 

\lo\  i  I.;KI.;\    I  1  1  i;  \i  i  i    TlIRl    ill 

Stains       \    rare   IIIUM  anl  .    u-poiicd   onl\     liom   (lie    llnaclnira   and   OniH.iliu.i 
inoiiDiains   (  Swarth.    Mio.jl).  p.  (>.|  ). 

;>•)  Planeitious  migratorius  propinquus   (Kidgway). 


S\noii\nis      Tnitln*-    ini^i  titonn*  ;    ri,in,-*li,n*    nn^i  ,it,n  in*  .     I'm,  In* 
/•'//I/A  /'/(•/'///(/////.v  .    !/(•;///,/   mi  •   /'>(>/'/;/«//<(/ 

SlatiK      I'.rrrd-.  emnmonh    in    nios|    ol    the    hisdi    inonnlain    ranges  «>|    ea 
\ii.-ona        \\.\-.    lucn    icpoiicil    in    Mimmer    lioni    Ilic     \lo-ollon      Monnlanis,     San 
1'i.iiur.o    Miuiiitain.    llnarhih.i     \lonnl.uns,    md    the    \ienni\    ol     I-'DII    \\liipplc. 
\\intcrs   in   the    valleys   and    lowlands   veneialK 


I'M  I  I'.IKDS     OK     AKI/ONA  si 

{(><>.  Sialia  sialis  fulva    lirewstei 

X/nu-i;    I 'i  ri'.i'.im>. 

Synonym— Mu  I  HI  *ialis  azurea. 

.Status — Rare  in  summer  in  the  \\\^\\  ni«»iniiains  of  extreme  ag_uthern  Arizona: 

Santa   Rita   Mountains,  June    iS  and  J<>,    |KX.|,  three  specimens   (  P.rewstei ,    iSH^a, 

p.  S5)  ;  I  liiacluica  Mountains  (Ridgway,  1907,  p.  146).    The  latter  record,  ac- 

.  oidin^  lo  ml laden   received  l>\    me    limn    Mi     \\      \\     Cooke,   is  based   upon  .1 

ipecinien  l.ikcii  h\  hi.  A.  k.  I'Y.hei,  al  Kml  llnachuca,  \pnl  v  >,  i,S.,.-.  The 
specie's  is  no!  n!  ir;;iil.ii  MI  (>|'  coniniiin  «u-cnrn-in c  in  nllu-i  ,  i  ihc>,c  MK  nintain 
ran^rs,  ulicic  .\ntlui  me  \  i,  nini  hninii  is  tin-  »  <  XIHIK  HI  In  ccdinj;  lilncliii  d  ;  in  l.n  I 

the  aliii\c    rivords   air    llu-   only   ones   known   to  me,   llioii^h    (lie    iei; li.i      l.ccn 

visited    ti  I'ljtienlly   by  collectors. 


}M.  Sialia  mexicana  bairdi  Ridgway. 

C'lll'.S'l'N  UT   ItACKI'H    I'.I.UI'IIIUI). 

Synonyms — Sialia   occidentals;  Siialin   nu-.\'imnu ;   Sialia   >nc.\icana  occiden- 
tal \\. 

Status — Common  resident  in  lii^h  Transition  in  tlu-  mountains  of  northern 

and   ca>tcrn    Arizona,   ran.uin^   west  to  the    Mnal|Mi    Mountains    (Stephens,    1903, 

p.  105).     Also  delinilely  irpoiled  .1     .MMMMIIH  '"  k-ninini'i   on  San  l('raneiseo  Moiii- 

inn,  .mil  in  the  Mogollon,  Chiriealuia,  Santa  CaLalinn,  and  Huachuca  ranges.  Of 

more  general  di:,ti  ihnti-in  during  the  winter:  sHI  In  he  tomid  iu  lh-  hn;li  la-if.rs 
ot  sonthei-n  \II/MIM,  hnl  in  (he  valley^  .md  plains  also,  and  alonj;  the  Colorado 
River. 

y>2.  Sialia  currucoidei  (  Hechstein). 

MOUNTAIN    HI.HKUIUH. 

S v nonym — Sialia  arctica. 

Status — A  summer  visitant  of  the  hi^dn-i   mountain     n-ntli  ••!  the  Mogollon 

Divide.  Repotted  as  hiccdin^  in  the  San  l-'iaini  co  and  MOIM  ill.  >n  nioinitains 
(Mcarns,  \y<ttu,  p.  jo.j ) .  (  )ccnrs  dnrin^  the  winter  at  l-'.,ii  \\  Inppl.,  .I!,,IT>  ihc 
L.wei  Colorado  River,  and  in  the  valley,  oj  sonthern  \ii/.oiia  Tucson,  San 
IVdro  Ri\ei  ,  eti 


IIYI'OTIII-.TICAI.   LIST 

i.  Colymbus  auritui  Linnaeus. 

I  IOUNKD  Cii<i-;ni-;. 

Synonym      1'ntln  c/>.\   toninlns. 

Status — Known  only  tnun  the  records  In  t  .,IK  .,|  n  ....  un.ncc  on  the  Col- 
orado River  (  iKfida,  p.  KM)),  and  at  I'oil  ('.rant  (  iKnK.  p.  ,X.p.  siateiiH-nts  which 
.in-  in.)  nUicientlv  explicit. 


PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

2-  Ga via  pacifica  (Lawrence). 

PACIFIC  LOON. 

Synonyms — Colymbns  pacificus;  Colymbus  arcticus  var.  pacificus. 

Status — The  only  reason  for  including  this  species  in  a  list  of  the  birds  of 
Arizona  lies  in  the  fact  that  it  is  contained  in  Cones'  "List  of  the  Birds  of  Fort 
Whipple"  (i866a,  p.  100).  No  specific  instance  of  its  occurrence  is  cited,  how- 
ever; in  fact  he  does  not  even  explicitly  state  that  the  species  was  found  in  the 
region,  and  though  it  may  occur  in  winter  on  the  Colorado  River,  there  is  at  pres- 
ent no  proof  that  such  is  the  case. 

3.  Lams  occidentalis  Audubon. 

WESTERN  GULL. 

Status — Recorded  as  seen  commonly  in  midwinter  along  the  Colorado  River 
from  its  mouth  to  a  point  forty  miles  south  of  Yuma  (Price,  1899,  p.  90).  If  no 
mistake  was  made  in  identification  the  species  may  be  found  ranging  up  the  river 
to  within  the  Arizona  boundary. 

4.  Larus  heermanni  Cassin. 

HEERMANN  GULL. 

Status — Seen  by  Rhoads,  in  winter,  on  the  lower  Colorado  River,  "as  far 
up  as  Yuma,  Arizona"  (Stone,  1905,  p.  687).  The  improbability  of  the  occurrence 
demands  the  verification  of  specimens  actually  secured. 

5.  Larus  atricilla  Linnaeus. 

LAUGHING  GULL. 

Synonym — Chroecocephalus  atricilla. 

Status — "Colorado  River,  particularly  its  lower  portions.  A  specimen  taken 
over  a  hundred  miles  from  any  body  of  water,  near  the  eastern  border  of  the  Ter- 
ritory" (Coues.  i866a,  p.  99).  This  is  the  only  Arizona  record. 

6.  Larus  franklini  Richardson. 

FRANKLIN  GULL. 

Synonym — Chroecocephalus  franklini. 

Status — "I  am  under  the  impression  that  1  also  saw  Ch.  franklinii  about 
twenty  miles  from  the  river  near  Fort  Mojave"  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  99). 

7.  Branta  bernicla  glaucogastra  (Brehm). 

BRANT. 

Synonym — Bernicla  brenta. 

Status — Mentioned  by  Coues  (1865!;;,  p.  538)  as  occurring  on  the  Gila  River, 
and  by  Woodhouse  (1853,  p.  102)  as  abundant  in  "New  Mexico".  Both  state- 
ments seem  improbable. 

8.  Guara  rubra  (Linnaeus). 

SCARLET  IBIS. 

Status — Known  only  from  the  record  of  a  flock  of  seven  or  eight  birds,  sup- 
posedly this  species,  seen  at  Rillito  Creek,  near  Fort  Lowell,  September  17,  1890 
(Brown,  18993,  p.  270). 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  83 

9-  Creciscus  jamaicensis    (Gmelin). 

BLACK  RAIL. 

Synonym — Porsana  jamaicensis. 

Status — Doubtfully  recorded  from  the  vicinity  of  Tucsoti^oji  the  basis  of  a 
bird,  believed  to  be  of  this  species,  seen  April  23,  1881  (Brewster,  1883,  p.  36). 

10.  Limosa  fedoa  (Linnaeus). 

MARBLED  GODWIT. 

Status — A  bird  supposed  to  be  of  this  species  seen,  but  not  secured,  on  the 
San  Pedro  River,  January  27,  1886  (Scott,  1886,  p.  386). 

11.  Limosa  haemastica  (Linnaeus). 

HUDSON i AN  GODWIT. 

Status — Its  occurrence  in  the  state  can  not  be  considered  as  established  by 
the  record  of  the  observation  of  a  bird  "probably  of  this  species"  (Visher,  igiob, 
p.  280). 

12.  Totanus  flavipes  (Gmelin). 

YELLOWLEGS. 

Status — One  record,  of  its  occurrence  near  Tucson,  in  September  (Visher, 
iQiob,  p.  280).  In  the  absence  of  specimens  it  may  be  questioned. 

13.  Charadrius  dominicus  dominicus  Muller. 

GOLDEN  PLOVER. 

Status — The  only  record  is  that  of  two  seen,  but  not  secured,  near  Tucson 
(Visher,  19100,  p.  281). 

14.  Columba  flavirostris  Wagler. 

RED-BILLED  PIGEON. 

Status — Known  only  from  the  record  by  Bendire  (1892,  p.  128)  of  three 
"birds  (not  seen  by  himself)  said  to  have  been  shot  in  the  foothills  of  the  Graham 
Mountains,  near  Fort  Grant,  July  25,  1886. 

15.  Gymnogyps  californianus  (Shaw). 

CALIFORNIA  CONDOR. 

Synonyms — Cat  hart  es  calif  orniamts;  Psendogryphus  californianus. 

Status — "Resident  in  Southern  Arizona.  Individuals  observed  at  Fort  Yuma 
in  September,  1865"  (Coues,  i866a,  p.  42).  The  statement  as  to  its  occurrence 
in  southern  Arizona  lacks  confirmation ;  Fort  Yuma  is  on  the  California  side  of 
the  river.  There  are  doubtful  records  of  its  occurrence  in  the  Santa  Catalina 
Mountains  (Rhoads,  1892,  p.  114),  and  at  Pierce's  Ferry,  Colorado  River  (north- 
west Arizona),  in  March,  1881  (Brown,  1899^  p.  272). 

16.  Sarcoramphus  papa  (Linnaeus). 

KING  VULTURE. 

Synonym — Gyparchus  papa. 

Status — The  very  doubtful  records  of  its  occurrence  on  San  Francisco  River 
(Coues,  i866a,  p.  49),  and  the  Verde  River  (Coues,  i88ib,  p.  248)  lack  con- 
firmation. 


84  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

17-  Elanus  leucurus  (Vieillot). 

WHITE-TAILED  KITE. 

Status — The  only  definite  record  for  Arizona  is  that  of  F.  T.  Pember,  who 
claimed  to  have  met  with  the  species  near  Gila  Bend,  in  April  (1892,  p.  49). 

1 8.  Buteo  lineatus  elegans  Cassin. 

RED-BELLIED  HAWK. 
•    Synonym — Buteo  elegans. 

Status — The  only  record  of  the  occurrence  of  this  species  in  Arizona  is  thc.t 
of  a  specimen  collected  by  Kennerly  and  Mollhausen  on  the  Colorado  Chiquito, 
November  17,  1853  (Baird,  1858,  p.  28).  According  to  information  received  by 
me  from  Mr.  W.  W.  Cooke  it  is  not  now  to  be  found  in  the  National  Museum 
collection,  although  entered  in  the  catalogue,  with  data  as  given  above.  Under 
the  circumstances  the  species  may  be  excluded  from  the  regular  list  until  the  oc- 
currence can  be  confirmed. 

19.  Xenopicus  albolarvatus   (Cassin). 

WHITE-HEADED  WOODPECKER. 

Status — The  alleged  occurrence  of  this  species  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Moun- 
tains (Yisher,  I9iob,  p.  282)  seems  doubtful. 

20.  Otocoris  alpestris  praticola  Henshaw. 

PRAIRIE  HORNED  LARK. 

Status — One  specimen  recorded  from  Fort  Verde,  in  winter  (Oberholser, 
1902,  p.  825).  The  possibility  presents  itself  of  this  bird  being  an  individual  ex- 
treme of  some  one  of  the  several  races  regularly  frequenting  the  region,  or  an  inter- 
grade  between  two  of  them,  rather  than  belonging  to  the  race  to  which  it  has 
been  referred.  In  treating  slightly  differentiated  subspecies  of  such  a  variable 
species  it  seems  unsafe  to  assert  such  an  extraordinary  extension  of  range  on  such 
slender  evidence. 

21.  Agelaius  phoeniceus  californicus  Nelson. 

BICOLORED  RED-WINGED  BLACKBIRD. 

Synonym — Agelaius  gubernutor  californicns. 

Status — Straggling  east  to  western  Arizona  (A.  O.  U.  Check-List,  1910,  p. 
235).  According  to  information  received  by  me  from  Mr.  W.  W.  Cooke,  this 
statement  is  based  upon  a  specimen  found  dead  July  6,  1907,  by  Mr.  Vernon 
Bailey,  at  Casa  Grande.  I  ntergradation  between  this  form  and  ncutralis  has 
been  demonstrated,  and  the  possibility  suggests  itself  of  the  supposed  specimen 
of  californicus  being  really  an  individual  extreme  of  ncutralis,  a  common  species 
in  the  region.  The  occurrence  of  californicus,  apparently  a  non-migratory  form, 
so  far  from  the  normal  boundaries  of  its  range,  should  receive  the  strongest  pos- 
sible verification. 

22.  Wilsonia  pusilla  pusilla  (Wilson). 

WILSON  WARBLER. 

Status — According  to  Ridgway  (1902,  p.  710)  this  species  is  "occasional 
during  migration  in  ...  Arizona  (Tucson,  May:  Fort  Whipple,  May)". 


1914 


BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA 


85 


23.  Regulus  satrapa  satrapa  Lichtenstein. 

GOLDEN-CROWNED  KFNGLET. 

Synonym — Regulus  satrapa  olivaceus. 

Status — Most  of  the  statements  relative  to  the  occurrence  of  this  species  in 
Arizona  can  be  traced  back  to  Woodhouse's  casual  mention  of  birds  seen  on  San 
Francisco  Mountain  (1853,  pp.  67,  68).  In  the  absence  of  specimens,  and  of  sub- 
sequent confirmation  by  other  observers,  it  seems  best  to  exclude  the  species  from 
the  regular  list.  A  recent  record  from  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  in  July 
(Rhoads,  1892,  p.  125),  can  not  be  considered  as  satisfactory,  as  specimens  were 
not  secured. 

24.  Ixoreus  naevius  naevius  (Gmelin). 

VARIED  THRUSH. 

Synonym — Tnrdus  naevius. 

Status — Said  to  have  been  obtained  by  Lieut.  Ives'  expedition  on  the  Colorado 
River  between  Forts  Mohave  and  Yuma  ( Baird,  1861.  p.  5).  This  may  or  may 
not  have  been  on  the  Arizona  side  of  the  river,  and  on  this  account  alone  the  spe- 
cies may  be  omitted  from  the  Arizona  list.  At  most  it  can  be  but  an  exceedingly 
rare  straggler  into  the  region. 


AN  ANALYSIS  OF  THE  AVIFAUNA  OF  ARIZONA 

From  the  foregoing  data  the  birds  occurring  in  the  state  of  Arizona  may  be 
divided  into  the  following  classes: 

Resident  152 

Summer  visitant  72 

Winter  visitant  57 

Transient  30 

Of  casual  occurrence  51 

giving  a  total  of  362  species  and  subspecies  found  within  the  state. 

RESIDENT  SPECIES 


1.  Mergus  americanus  20. 

2.  Anas  platyrhynchos  21. 

3.  Chaulelasmus  streperus  22. 

4.  Mareca  americana  23. 

5.  Querquedula  discors  24. 

6.  Querquedula  cyanoptera  25. 

7.  Spatula   clypeata  26. 

8.  Dafila  acuta  27. 

9.  Erismatura    jamaicensis  28. 

10.  Botanrus    lentiginosus  29. 

11.  Ardea  herodias  treganzai  30. 

12.  Butorides  virescens  anthonyi  31. 

13.  Nycticorax    nycticorax    naevius  32. 

14.  Grus  mexicana  33. 

15.  Porzana  Carolina  34. 

16.  Gallinula   galeata  35. 

17.  Fulica  americana  36. 

18.  Actitis    macularius 

19.  Oxyechus  vociferus  38. 


Colinus  ridgwayi 

Callipepla  squamata 

Lophortyx  gambeli 

Cyrtonyx    montezumae    mearnsi 

Dendragapus  obscurus  obscurus 

Meleagris  gallopavo  merriami 

Columba    fasciata   fasciata 

Zenaidura  macroura  marginella 

Chaemepelia  passerina  pallescens 

Scardafella  inca 

Cathartes    aura    septentrionalis 

Circus    hudsonius 

Accipiter  velox 

Accipiter  cooperi 

Parabuteo  unicinctus  harrisi 

Buteo  borealis  calurus 

Buteo   abbreviatus 

Urubitinga    anthracina 

Aqtiila  chrysaetos 


86 


PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


39.  Haliaeetus  leucocephalus  leucocephalus        97. 

40.  Falco  mexicanus  98. 

41.  Falco  peregrinus  anatum  99. 

42.  Falco   fusco-caerulescens  100. 

43.  Falco   sparverius   sparverius  101. 

44.  Polyborus  cheriway  102. 

45.  Aluco  pratincola  103. 

46.  Strix  occidentalis  huachucae 

47.  Cryptoglaux  acadica  acadica  104. 

48.  Otus  asio  cineraceus 

49.  Otus  asio  gilmani  105. 

50.  Bubo  virginianus  pallescens  106. 

51.  Speotyto  cunicularia   hypogaea  107. 

52.  Glaucidium  gnoma  pinicola  108. 

53.  Glaucidium  phaloenoides  109. 

54.  Micropallas  whitneyi  110. 

55.  Geococcyx  calif ornianus  111. 

56.  Dryobates  villosus  leucothorectis  112. 

57.  Dryobates    pubescens    homorus  113. 

58.  Dryobates   scalaris   cactophilus  114. 

59.  Dryobates  arizonae  115. 

60.  Picoides  americanus  dorsalis  116. 

61.  Sphyrapicus  thyroideus  117. 

62.  Melanerpes    formicivorus    aculeatus  118. 

63.  Asyndesmus  lewisi  119. 

64.  Centurus  uropygialis  •  120. 

65.  Colaptes  cafer  collaris  121. 

66.  Colaptes  chrysoides  mearnsi  122. 

67.  Phalaenoptilus  nuttalli  nuttalli  123. 

68.  Aeronautes  melanoleucus  124. 

69.  Calypte  costae  125. 

70.  Tyrannus  vociferans  126. 

71.  Myiarchus   cinerascens  127. 

72.  Sayornis  sayus  128. 

73.  Sayornis  nigricans  129. 

74.  Pyrocephalus  rubinus  mexicanus  130. 

75.  Otocoris  alpestris  adusta  131. 

76.  Otocoris  alpestris  pallida  132. 

77.  Otocoris  alpestris  occidentalis  133. 

78.  Cyanocitta   stelleri   diademata  134. 

79.  Aphelocoma   woodhousei  135. 

80.  Aphelocoma  sieberi  arizonae  136. 

81.  Perisoreus  canadensis  capitalis  137. 

82.  Corvus  corax  sinuatus  138. 

83.  Corvus   cryptoleucus  139. 

84.  Corvus  brachyrhynchos  hesperis  140. 

85.  Nucifraga  columbiana  141. 

86.  Cyanocephalus   cyanocephalus  142. 

87.  Molothrus   ater  obscurus  143. 

88.  Xanthocephalus   xanthocephalus  144. 

89.  Agelaius  phoeniceus  sonoriensis  145. 

90.  Agelaius  phoeniceus  neutralis  146. 

91.  Sturnella  magna  hoopesi  147. 

92.  Sturnella  neglecta  148. 

93.  Euphagus  cyanocephalus  149. 

94.  Hesperiphona  vespertina  montana  150. 

95.  Carpodacus  cassini  151. 

96.  Carpodacus  mexicanus  frontalis  152. 


Loxia    curvirostra    stricklandi 

Passer  domesticus 

Astragalinus   tristis   pallidus 

Astragalinus    psaltria    hesperophilus 

Spinus  pinus 

Pooecetes  gramineus  conrtnis 

Passerculus    sandwichensis    nevaden- 
sis 

Ammodramus     savannarum     bimacu- 
latus 

Chondestes  grammacus  strigatus 

Spizella  passerina  arizonae 

Spizella  breweri 

Junco  phaeonotus  palliatus 

Junco   phaeonotus   dorsalis 

Amphispiza   bilineata   deserticola 

Aimophila  carpalis 

Aimophila  ruficeps   scotti 

Melospiza  melodia  saltonis 

Pipilo    maculatus    montanus 

Pipilo  fuscus  mesoleucus 

Pipilo  aberti 

Cardinalis  cardinalis  superbus 

Pyrrhuloxia   sinuata   sinuata 

Phainopepla  nitens 

Lanius    ludovicianus    excubitorides 

Vireo  huttoni  stephensi 

Peucedramus    olivaceus 

Dendroica  auduboni  auduboni 

Cinclus   mexicanus    unicolor 

Mimus  polyglottos  leucopterus 

Toxostoma    curvirostre    palmeri 

Toxostoma    bendirei 
Toxostoma   lecontei   iecontei 
Toxostoma   crissale 
Heleodytes  brunneicapillus  couesi 

Salpinctes    obsoletus    obsoletus 
Catherpes   mexicanus   conspersus 
Thryomanes   bewicki    eremophilus 
Troglodytes  aedon  parkmani 
Telmatodytes  palustris  plesius 
Certhia    familiaris   montana 
Sitta    carolinensis    nelsoni 
Sitta   canadensis 
Sitta  pygmaea  pygmaea 
Bacolophus    inornatus   griseus 
Baeolophus    wollweberi 
Penthestes   sclateri 
Penthestes    gambeli    gambeli 
Psaltriparus  plumbeus 
Auriparus  flaviceps  flaviceps 
Regulus   calendula  calendula 
Polioptila  caerulea  obscura 
Polioptila    plumbea 
Myadestes    townsendi 
Planesticus  migratorius  propinquus 
Sialia    mexicana    bairdi 
Sialia    rurrucoides 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  87 

These  species  are  resident  in  the  sense  that  the  available  data  seems  to  show 
that  they  occur  somewhere  in  the  state  at  all  times  of  the  year.  Many  of  them  arc 
truly  migratory,  and,  in  making  altitudinal  migrations,  spend  the  summer  ?.nd  win- 
ter in  as  widely  different  surroundings  as  if  they  had  travelled  instead  over  the 
length  of  the  continent.  Some  are  almost  entirely  restricted  to  the  warm  valleys 
of  the  lower  parts  of  the  Colorado  and  Gila  rivers  during  the  winter. 

From  the  list  of  residents  may  be  selected  the  following  species  which  are 
probably  to  be  found  over  the  same  grounds  the  year  through,  though  some  of 
them  may,  in  fall  and  winter,  spread  out  over  a  somewhat  wider  territory. 

Colinus  ridgwayi  Passer  domesticus 

Callipepla  squamata  Junco  p.  palliatus 

Lophortyx  gambeli  Junco  p.  dorsalis 

Cyrtonyx   m.   mearnsi  Aimophila  r.  scotti 

Dendragapus  o.  obscurus  Melospiza  m.  saltonis 

Meleagris  g.  merriami  Pipilo  m.  montanus 

Bnteo  b.  calurus  Pipilo  f.  mesoleucus 

Bubo  v.  pallescens  Pipilo  aberti 

Speotyto  c.  hypogaea  Vireo  h.  stephenst 

Geococcyx  californianus  Toxostoma  c.  palmeri 

Dryobates  v.  leucothorectis  Toxostoma  bendirei 

Dryobates  s.  cactophilus  Toxostoma  1.   lecontei 

Dryobates   arizonae  Toxostoma  crissale 

Picoides  a.  dorsalis  Heleodytes  b.  couesi 

Centurus  uropygialis  Salpinctes  o.  obsoletus 

Colaptes    c.    mearnsi  Catherpes   m.    conspersus 

Otocoris  a.  adusta  Thryomanes  b.  eremophilus 

Otocoris  a.  pallida  Sitta  p.  pygmaea 

Cyanocitta    s.    diademata  Baeolophus  wollweberi 

Aphelocoma   woodhousei  Psaltriparus  plumbeus 

Aphelocoma  s.  arizonae  Auriparus  f.  flaviceps 

Perisoreus  c.  capitalis  Polioptila  plumbea 


SUMMER  VISITANTS 

1.  Colymbus  nigricollis  californicus  19.  Basilinna  leucotis 

2.  Plegadis  guarauna  20.  Cynanthus  latirostris 

3.  Mycteria    americana     (not    known    to       21.  Tyrannus  verticalis 

breed)  22.  Myiodynastes  luteiventris 

4.  Melopelia  asiatica  trudeaui  23.  Myiarchus  magister  magister 

5.  Buteo  albicaudatus  sennetti  24.  Myiarchus   lawrencei   olivascens 

6.  Buteo  swainsoni  25.  Nuttallornis   borealis 

7.  Asturina  plagiata  26.  Myiochanes  pertinax  pallidiventris 

8.  Otus  trichopsis  27.  Myiochanes    richardsoni   richardsoni 

9.  Otus  flammeolus  28.  Empidonax  difficilis  difficilis 

10.  Coccyzus   americanus   occidentalis  29.  Empidonax  trailli  trailli 

11.  Trogon   ambiguus  30.  Empidonax   fulvifrons   pygmaeus 

12.  Antrostomus  vociferus  macromystax  31.  Camptostoma   imberbe 

13.  Chordeiles    virginianus    henryi  32.  Tangavius  aeneus  aeneus 

14.  Chordeiles   acutipennis   texensis  33.  Icterus    parisorum 

15.  Eugenes   fulgens  34.  Icterus  cucullatus  nelsoni 

16.  Cyanolaemus   clemencise  35.  Icterus  bullocki 

17.  Archilochus  alexandri  36.  Zonotrichia  leucophrys  leucophrys 

18.  Selasphorus   platycercus  37.  Spizella  atrogularis 


88 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


38.  Peucaea  botterii  56. 

39.  Peucaea  cassini  57. 

40.  Zamelodia  melanocephala   melanocephala  58. 

41.  Guiraca  caerulea  lazula  59. 

42.  Passerina  amoena  60. 

43.  Piranga  ludoviciana  61. 

44.  Piranga  hepatica  62. 

45.  Piranga  rubra  cooperi  63. 

46.  Progne  subis  subis  64. 

47.  Petrochelidon   lunifrons   lunifrons  65. 

48.  Petrochelidon    lunifrons    melanogastra      66. 

49.  Hirundo  erythrogastra  67. 

50.  Tachycineta  thalassina  lepida  68. 

51.  Riparia  riparia  69. 

52.  Stelgidopteryx   serripennis  70. 

53.  Vireosylva  gilva  swainsoni  71. 

54.  Lanivireo    solitarius    plumbeus  72. 

55.  Vireo  belli     arizonae 


Vireo  vicinior 
Vermivora  luciae 
Vermivora  virginiae 
Vermivora  celata  celata 
Dendroica   aestiva    sonorana 
Dendroica  auduboni  nigrifrons 
Dendroica   graciae 
Dendroica  nigrescens 
Oporornis  tolmiei 
Geothlypis  trichas  scirpicola 
Icteria  virens  longicauda 
Wilsonia  pusilla  pileolata 
Setophaga  picta 
Cardellina    rubrifrons 
Certhia  familiaris  albescens 
Hylocichla  guttata   auduboni 
Sialia  sialis  fulva 


For  comments  upon  the  species  included  in  this  list  see  beyond,  under  the 
discussion  of  the  composition  of  the  avifauna  of  the  different  life  zones  within 
the  state. 


WINTER  VISITANTS 


1.  Aechmophorus  occidentalis  30. 

2.  Podilymbus  pbdiceps  31. 

3.  Gavia  immer  32. 

4.  Phalacrocorax  auritus  albociliatus  33. 

5.  Pelecanus  erythrorhynchos  34. 

6.  Mergus  serrator  35. 

7.  Nettion  carolinense  36. 

8.  Marila  americana  37. 

9.  Marila  valisineria  38. 

10.  Marila  marila  39. 

11.  Marila  affinis  40. 

12.  Charitonetta  albeola  41. 

13.  Chen  hyperboreus  hyperboreus  42. 

14.  Anser  albifrons  gambeli  43. 

15.  Branta  canadensis  canadensis  44. 

16.  Branta  canadensis  hutchinsi  45. 

17.  Dendrocygna  bicolor  46. 

18.  Olor  columbianus  47. 

19.  Grus  canadensis  48. 

20.  Rallus  virginianus 

21.  Recurvirostra  americana  50. 

22.  Gallinago  delicata  51. 

23.  Pisobia  minutilla 

24.  Ereunetes  mauri 

25.  Podasocys  montanus  54. 

26.  Archibuteo  ferrugineus 

27.  Falco  columbarius  columbarius  56. 

28.  Asio  wilsonianus 

29.  Asio  flammeus 


Ceryle  alcyon 

Sphyrapicus  varius  nuchalis 

Otocoris  alpestris  leucolaema 

Agelaius  phoeniceus  fortis 

Astragalinus  lawrencei 

Calcarius   ornatus 

Rhynchophanes  mccowni 

Passerculus    sandwichensis   alaudinus 

Ammodramus  bairdi 

Zonotrichia   leucophrys   gambeli 

Junco  hyemalis  hyemalis 

Junco  oreganus  thurberi 

Junco  oreganus  shufeldti 

Junco  mearnsi 

Junco  caniceps 

Amphispiza   nevadensis   nevadensis 

Melospiza  melodia  fallax 

Melospiza   lincolni   lincolni 

Passerella   iliaca   schistacea 

Pipilo  maculatus  curtatus 

Oreospiza    chlorura 

Calamospiza   melanocorys 

Bombycilla   cedrorum 

Geothlypis   trichas   occidentalis 

Anthus   rubescens 

Oreoscoptes    montanus 

Hylocichla  guttata  guttata 

Hylocichla   guttata  namis 


1914 


BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA 


Most  of  these  are  migratory  species  which  spend  the  summer  at  varying  dis- 
tances directly  to  the  northward,  and  it  is  to  be  expected,  of  course,  that  they 
should  occur  in  winter  in  this  state.  The  occurrence  of  Jnnco  o.  thurberi  and 
Hylocichla  g.  nanus  is  further  evidence  of  the  existence  of  a_  migration  route 
across  the  deserts  to  the  westward,  as  shown  by  the  various  Pacific  Coast  birds  mi- 
grating through  Arizona. 


TRANSIENT  SPECIES 


1.  Herodias   egretta 

2.  Egretta  candidissima  candidissima 

3.  Steganopus  tricolor 

4.  Himantopus  mexicanus 

5.  Pisobia  bairdi 

6.  Totanus  melanoleucus 

7.  Helodromas    solitarius    cinnamomeus 

8.  Numenius  americanus 

9.  Aegialitis  semipalmata 

10.  Pandion  haliaetus  carolinensis 

11.  Chaetura  vauxi 

12.  Selasphorus   rufus 

13.  Stellula  calliope 

14.  Empidonax  hammondi 

15.  Empidonax  wrighti 


16.  Empidonax    griseus 

17.  Spizella  pallida 

18.  Passerina  ciris 

19.  Spiza  americana 

20.  Iridoprocne  bicolor 

21.  Lanivireo  solitarius  cassini 

22.  Vermivora    nibricapilla    gutturalis 

23.  Vermivora  celata  lutescens 

24.  Dendroica    aestiva    brewsteri 

25.  Dendroica  townsendi 

26.  Dendroica  occidentalis 

27.  Seiurus  noveboracensis  notabilis 

28.  Wilsonia  pusilla  chryseola 

29.  Hylocichla   ustulata   ustulata 

30.  Hylocichla  guttata  slevini 


The  thirty  species  listed  above  occu'r,  as  far  as  we  know,  merely  as  migrants, 
passing  through  Arizona  on  their  way  to  and  from  their  breeding  grounds, 
neither  nesting  nor  wintering  anywhere  within  the  state.  Twelve  of  these  species 
spend  the  summer  on  the  Pacific  coast  in  California  or  farther  north,  and  their 
abundance  during  the  migrations  indicates  the  presence  of  a  well  defined  migra- 
tion route  from  southeast  Arizona  almost  due  westward  and  across  the  inter- 
vening deserts.  These  species  are :  Chaetura  raiLri,  Selasphorus  rufus,  Stellula 
calliope,  Empidonax  hammondi,  Lanivireo  s.  cassini,  Vermivora  r.  gutturalis, 
Vermivora  c.  lutescens,  Dendroica  tozimsendi,  Dendroica  occidentalis,  Wilsonia 
p.  chryseola,  Hylocichla  u.  ustulata,  and  Hylocichla  g.  slevini. 

Five  of  the  species  listed  breed  in  the  far  north,  and  pass  through  Arizona 
in  the  course  of  a  direct  north  and  south  migration.  These  are :  Pisobia  bairdi, 
Totanus  melanoleucus,  Helodromas  s.  cinnamomeus,  Aegialitis  semipalmata, 
Seiurus  n.  notabilis.  Four  other  species  breeding  at  nearer  points  north  of 
Arizona,  and  hence  following  the  same  migration  route  through  the  state,  are: 
Steganopus  tricolor,  Himantopus  ine.ricanus,  Numenius  americanus,  Dendroica 
a.  brewsteri. 

S'pisella  pallida,  Passerina  ciris,  and  Spiza  americana  are  species  from 
regions  east  of  Arizona  whose  manner  of  occurrence,  usually  in  the  late  summer, 
is  apparently  indicative  of  established  migration  routes.  Of  the  remaining  six 
species  on  the  list  of  migrants.  Herodias  egretta,  Egretta  c.  candidissima,  Pandion 
h.  carolinensls,  Hmpidona.v  zvrighti,  Hmpidona.r  griseus,  and  Iridoprocne  bicolor, 
it  may  be  that  some  or  all  will  be  found  breeding  within  the  state,  but  the 
data  available  at  the  present  time  shows  their  presence  only  during  the  period  of 
migration. 


90 


PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


1.  Gavia   stellata 

2.  Larus  delawarensis 

3.  Larus  Philadelphia 

4.  Sterna  forsteri 

5.  Sterna  hirundo 

6.  Hydrochelidon    nigra    surinamensis 

7.  Phaethon   aethereus 

8.  Anhinga  anhinga 

9.  Lophodytes  cucullatus 

10.  Clangula  clangula  americana 

11.  Dendrocygna  autumnalis 

12.  Ixobrychus  exilis 

13.  Rallus  levipes 

14.  Coturnicops    noveboracensis 

15.  lonornis  martinicus 

16.  Lobipes  lobattts 

17.  Macrorhamphus    griseus    scolopaceus 

18.  Pelidna  alpina  sakhalina 

19.  Catoptrophorus  semipalmatus  inornatus 

20.  Bartramia  longicauda 

21.  Astur  atricapillus  atricapillus 

22.  Archibuteo   lagopus   sanctijohannis 

23.  Falco   columbarius   richardsoni 

24.  Rhynchopsitta  pachyrhyncha 

25.  Crotophaga  sulcirostris 
26. 


SPECIES  OF  CASUAL  OCCURRENCE 

27.  Melanerpes    erythroccphalus 

28.  Calypte  anna 

29.  Selasphorus  alleni 

30.  Atthis  heloisa  morcomi 

31.  Calolhorax  lucifer 

32.  Uranomitra  salvini 

33.  Platypsaris  aglaiae  albiventris 

34.  Pica  pica  hudsonia 

35.  Carpodacus   purpureus  californicus 

36.  Passerculus  rostrativo  rostrntus 

37.  Snizella  monticola  ochracea 

38.  Junco   montanus 

39.  Melospiza    melodia   merrilli 

40.  Zamelodia  ludoviciana 

41.  Passerina  versicolor  pulchra 

42.  Bombycilla  garrula 

43.  Lanius  borealis 

44.  Vireosylva   olivacea 

45.  Protonotaria  citrea 

46.  Dendroica  coronata 

47.  Dendroica  virens 

48.  Setophaga  ruticilla 

49.  Toxostoma  rufum 

50.  Nannus  hiemalis  pacificus 

51.  Hvlocichla  fnscescens  salicicola 


Ceryle  americana  septentrionalis 
That  this  list  is  of  such  length  is  undoubtedly  largely  due  to  the  defective  data 
at  our  command :  and  many  of  the  species  included  may  prove  to  be  of  fairly  com- 
mon, or  at  any  rate  regular,  occurrence,  at  some  season  of  the  year.  Of  certain 
of  them,  however,  the  individuals  taken  were  evidently  beyond  the  normal 
bounds  of  the  species.  These  are:  Phaethon  ncthcrcns,  Rallus  levipes,  Crotophaga 
sulcirostris,  Ceryle  a.  septentrionalis,  Melanerpes  erythrocephaJus,  Platypsaris  a. 
albiventris,  Zamelodia  ludoviciaua,  Passerina  v.  pnlchra,  Lanius  borealis. 
Vireosylva  olivacea,  Protonotaria  citrea,  Dendroica  rirens,  Setophaga  ruticilla, 
To.vostoma  rufiun,  Nannus  h.  pacificus,  Hylocichla  f.  salicicolus. 

Each  of  the  above  is  admitted  to  the  state  list  of  birds  on  the  basis  of  the 
capture  of  at  least  one  specimen,  but  it  is  not  to  be  expected  that  the  species  prove 
to  be  of  regular  occurrence. 

Two  others,  Calypte  anna  and  Selasphorus  alleni,  have  occurred  with  sufficient 
frequency  to  have  entitled  them,  perhaps,  to  a  place  in  the  category  of  migrants, 
but  the  present  definition  seems  to  best  express  their  manner  of  occurrence,  late 
summer  wanderers,  and  not  travelers  to  a  determined  destination. 

SPECIES  OCCURRING  IN  THE  LOWER  SON  OR  AN  ZONE 
SUMMER  VISITANT 

10.  Tangavius  a.  aeneus 

11.  Icterus   c.   nelsoni 
12. 

13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
18. 


Melopelia   a.    trudeaui 
Buteo  a.  sennetti 
Buteo  swainsoni 
Asturina  plagiata 
Chordeiles  a.  texensis 
Tyrannus    verticalis 
Myiarchus  m.  magister 
Empidonax  t.  trailli 
Camptostnma  imberbe 


Peucaea  botterii 
Peucaea  cassini 
Guiraca  c.  lazula 
Piranga  r.  cooperi 
Vireo  b.  arizonae 
Vermivora  luciae 
Dendroica  n.  sonorana 


LOWER  SONORAN 


fl'PER  SONORAX 


TRANSITION 


LIFE    ZONES    OF    ARIZONA 


1914 


BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA 


91 


1.  Colinus  ridgwayi 

2.  Callipepla  squamata 

3.  Lophortyx  gambeli 

4.  Chaemepelia  p.  pallescens 

5.  Scardafella  inca. 

6.  Parabuteo  u.  harrisi 

7.  Falco  fusco-caerulescens 

8.  Polyborus  cheriway 

9.  Otus  a.  gilmani 

10.  Speotyto  c.  hypogaea 

11.  Glaucidium   phaloenoides 

12.  Micropallas  whitneyi 

13.  Geococcyx    californianus 

14.  Dryobates  s.  cactophilus 

15.  Centurus   uropygialis 

16.  Colaptes   c.   mearnsi 

17.  Calypte  costae 

18.  Sayornis  sayus 

19.  Pyrocephalus   r.   mexicanus 


RESIDENT 

20.  Otocoris  a.  adusta 

21.  Otocoris  a.  pallida 

22.  Corvus  cryptoleuctts  - 

23.  Molothrus  a.  obscurus 

24.  Amphispiza    b.    deserticola 

25.  Aimophila   carpalis 

26.  Melospiza  m.   saltonis 

27.  Pipilo  aberti 

28.  Cardinalis  c.   superbus 

29.  Pyrrhuloxia  s.  sinuata 

30.  Phainopepla  nitens 
.31.  Toxostoma  c.  palmeri 

32.  Toxostoma  bendirei 

33.  Toxostoma  1.  lecontei 

34.  Toxostoma  crissale 

35.  Heleodytes  b.  couesi 

36.  Auriparus  f.  flaviceps 

37.  Polioptila    plumbea 


The  Lower  Sonoran  zone  occupies  a  larger  portion  of  the  state  than  any 
other  of  the  faunal  subdivisions.  It  includes  the  vast  desert  area  of  western  Ari- 
zona, and  extends  as  long,  narrow  ribbons  far  up  the  valleys  of  the  Gila  River 
and  its  tributaries,  and  along-  the  Colorado  River  to,  and  including,  the  desert 
of  the  Little  Colorado  River,  in  the  northeastern  corner  of  the  state.  In  these 
Lower  Sonoran  valleys  of  Arizona  many  of  the  distinctive  southwestern  desert 
types  attain  their  greatest  development.  The  group  of  thrashers  is  a  good  ex- 
ample of  this  class ;  while  there  are  distinctive  low  zone  species  of  doves,  quails, 
and  woodpeckers,  several  species  of  each,  with  great  abundance  of  individuals. 

The  various  associations  found  within  the  Lower  Sonoran  zone  present  com- 
binations of  species  quite  as  distinctive  as  those  inhabiting  different  zones. 
Among  these  may  be  mentioned  the  association  of  the  mesquite-bordered  streams, 
in  which  are  found  the  White-winged  Dove,  Vermilion  Flycatcher,  Crissal 
Thrasher,  Lucy  Warbler,  Sonoran  Yellow  Warbler  and  Verdin ;  that  of  the  giant 
cactus,  with  the  Sahuaro  Screech  Owl,  Elf  Owl,  Gilded  Flicker,  and  Arizona 
Crested  Flycatcher;  and  that  of  the  creosote  and  cholla  cactus  covered  mesa, 
with  the  Black-throated  Sparrow,  Palmer,  Bendire  and  Leconte  thrashers,  Cactus 
Wren,  Plumbeous  Gnatcatcher  and  Texas  Nighthawk.  These  lists,  of  course, 
are  not  at  all  complete,  but  include  merely  some  of  the  most  conspicuous  and 
typical  birds  of  each  association.  The  subject  is  deserving  of  careful  study, 
such  as  cannot  be  attempted  in  this  connection,  and  should  include  consideration 
of  the  mammals  and  reptiles  of  the  regions  as  well  as  of  the  birds.  Many  of  the 
correlations  noted  even  in  a  cursory  survey  of  the  available  data,  are  extremely 
interesting. 

SPECIES  OCCURRING   IN  THE  UPPER  SONORAN  ZONE 


SUMMER    VISITANT 


1.  Cynanthus  latirostris 

2.  Myiarchus  1.  olivascens 

.v     Myiochanes  r.   richardsoni 


4.  Icterus   parisorum 

5.  Vireosylva  g.    swainsoni 

6.  Virco   vicinior 


92 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


RESIDENT 


1.  Otus  a.  cineraceus 

2.  Dryobates  arizonae 

3.  Melanerpes  f.  aculeatus 

4.  Tyrannus  vociferans 

5.  Aphelocoma   woodhousei 

6.  Aphelocoma  s.  arizonae 


7.  Aimophila  r.  scotti 

8.  Vireo  h.  stephensi 

9.  Baeolophus  i.  griseus 

10.  Baeolophus  wollweberi 

11.  Polioptila  c.  obscura 


The  Upper  Sonoran  zone  occupies  a  comparatively  limited  area  in  the  state, 
and  the  list  of  birds  confined  to  it  solely  is  a  short  one.  In  southern  Arizona  this 
zone  is  in  few  places  of  greater  width  than  is  comprised  in  the  belt  of  live-oak- 
covered  foothills  between  the  higher  mountains  and  the  valleys  below.  Of  the 
seventeen  species  listed  as  peculiar  to  this  zone,  eleven  are  preeminently  birds 
of  this  live-oak  association,  as  follows :  Otus  J.  cineraceus,  Dryobates  arizonae, 
Melanerpes  f.  aculeatus,  Tyrannus  vociferans,  Myiarchus  I.  olivascens,  Aphelo- 
coma ivoodhousei,  Aphelocoma  s.  arizonae,  Vireo  h.  stephensi,  Baeolophus  i. 
griseus,  Baeolophus  ivollzueberi,  Polioptila  c.  obscura. 

Of  the  remaining  six,  Cynanthus  latirostris,  Myiochanes  r.  richardsoni,  and 
Vireosylva  g.  swainsoni  are  to  a  great  extent  denizens  of  the  sycamores  along 
the  canon  streams  in  the  foothills,  Icterus  parisorum  and  Aimophila  ruficeps 
scotti  frequent  the  agave  and  scrub-oak  covered  hillsides,  while  Vireo  licinior 
is  in  the  denser  brush  of  the  same  region. 


SPECIES  IN  THE  TRANSITION  ZONE  AND  HIGHER,  MORE  NEARLY  RELATED  TO  THE 
ROCKY  MOUNTAIN  FAUNA  TO  THE  NORTH  WARD 


1.  Chordeiles  v.  henryi 

2.  Nuttallornis  borealis 

3.  Zonotrichia   1.   leucophrys 

4.  Zamelodia  m.  melanocephala 

5.  Piranga  ludoviciana 

6.  Tachycineta  t.  lepida 

7.  Lanivireo  s.  plumbeus 


1.  Dendragapus  o.  obscurus 

2.  Columba  f.  fasciata 

3.  Aquila  chrysaetos 

4.  Strix  o.  huachucae 

5.  Cryptoglaux  a.  acadica 

6.  Glaucidium  g.  pinicola 

7.  Dryobates  v.   leucothorectis 

8.  Picoides  a.  dorsalis 

9.  Sphyrapicus    thyroideus 

10.  Cyanocitta  s.   diademata 

11.  Perisoreus   c.   capitalis 

12.  Nucifraga  columbiana 

13.  Hesperiphona   v.    montana 

14.  Carpodacus  cassini 


SUMMER    VISITANT 

8.  Vermivora  virginiae 

9.  Dendroica  a.  auduboni 

10.  Dendroica  gracise 

11.  Dendroica  nigrescens 

12.  Wilsonia  p.  pileolata 

13.  Hylocichla  g.  auduboni 

RESIDENT 

15.  Loxia   c.    Strickland! 

16.  Spinus  pinus 

17.  Pipilo  m.  montanus 

18.  Troglodytes  a.  parkmani 

19.  Certhia  f.  montana 

20.  Sitta  canadensis 

21.  Sitta  p.  pygmaea 

22.  Penthestes  g.   gambeli 

23.  Regulus  c.  calendula 

24.  Myadestes  townsendi 

25.  Planesticus  m.  propinquus 

26.  Sialia  m.  bairdi 

27.  Sialia    currucoides 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  9.? 

SPECIES  ix  THE  TRANSITION  ZONE  AND  HIGHER,  MORE  NEARLY  RELATED  TO  THE 
MEXICAN  PLATEAU  FAUNA  TO  THE  SOUTHWARD. 

SUMMER    VISITANT 

1.  Otus  trichopsis  8.  Myiochanes  p.  pallidivenfns 

2.  Otus   flammeolus  9.  Empidonax    f.   pygmaeus 

3.  Trogon  ambiguus  10.  Piranga  hepatica 

4.  Antrostomus  v.  macromystax  11.  Dendroica  a.  nigrifrons 

5.  Eugenes    fulgens  12.  Setophaga  picta 

6.  Cyanolaemus  clemenciae  13.  Cardellina  rubrifrons 

7.  Myiodynastes  luteiventris  14.  Certhia  f.  albescens 

RESIDENT 

1.  Cyrtonyx  m.  montezumae  4.     Junco  p.  dorsalis 

2.  Meleagris  g.  merriami  5.     Peucedramus  olivaceus 

3.  Junco  p.   palliatus  6.     Penthestes    sclateri 

Dividing  the  sixty  species  occurring  in  the  Transition  zone  and  higher  into 
two  groups  we  find  that  there  are  forty  which  are  the  same  as,  or  closely  related 
to,  species  occurring  to  the  northward,  in  the  Rocky  Mountains  or  in  the  Sierra 
Nevada  of  California,  and  twenty  which  3  re  the  same  as,  or  most  closely  related 
to,  Mexican  forms. 

Many  of  the  first  mentioned  group  find  their  southern  limit  in  northern  or 
central  Arizona,  some  extend  to  southern  Arizona,  and  about  half  the  list  occur 
southward  onto  the  plateau  region  of  northern  Mexico.  A  division  of  this  group 
Into  summer  visitants  and  residents  results  in  thirteen  of  the  former  and  twenty- 
seven  of  the  latter.  From  these  relative  numbers  it  is  evident  that  the  birds  of 
the  high  mountains  of  northern  and  central  Arizona  are  mostly  species  at  the 
southernmost  extension  of  their  range-,  indicating,  in  fact,  the  southern  limit  of 
the  Rocky  Mountain  avifauna. 

Now  turning  to  the  species  of  Mexican  affinities  we  find  conditions  reversed, 
in  that  of  the  twenty  forms  listed,  fourteen  are  summer  visitants,  while  only  six 
are  resident.  These  birds,  of  tropical  derivation,  are  here  at  their  northernmost 
limits,  and  but  a  small  proportion  of  them  can  endure  the  winter  climate  of  this 
latitude.  Of  the  fourteen  summer  visitants  all  but  one  extend  only  into  the  south- 
ern half  of  Arizona,  many  of  them  but  an  extremely  short  distance  north  of  the 
southern  boundary  of  the  state. 

A  great  difference  in  the  bird  life  of  the  higher  zones  of  northern  and 
southern  Arizona  is  that  while  in  the  former  region  a  great  part  of  the  popula- 
tion is  resident,  in  the  latter  most  of  the  species  depart  during  the  winter  months. 
The  highest  parts  of  the  mountains  of  southern  Arizona  are  noticeably  deficient 
of  bird  life  in  winter,  and  many  of  the  birds  seen  at  this  time  belong  to  species 
nesting  farther  north  in  the  state,  which  occur  here  in  winter  only. 

In  general  it  may  be  said  of  the  avifauna  of  the  high  mountains  of  Arizona, 
that  the  ranges  of  the  northern  part  of  the  state  are  more  nearly  like  the  Rocky 
Mountains  to  the  northward,  and  the  northern  Sierra  Nevada,  while  the  southern 
mountain  chains  bear  a  somewhat  closer  resemblance  to  the  mountains  of  south- 
ern California.  In  the  northern  and  central  parts  of  the  state  we  find  such  species 
as  Dendragapus  obscnrus,  Picoides  a.  dorsalis,  Perisoreus  c.  capitalis,  Zonotrichia 


94  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

leucophrys  and  Hylocichla  g.  audnboni.  While  the  distinctive  feature  of  the 
southern  mountain  chains  is,  of  course,  the  strikingly  large  element  of  Mexican 
species,  many  of  them  distinctly  subtropical,  such  as  Cyrtonyx  m.  mearnsi,  Dry- 
obatcs  arisonae,  Peucedramus  olivaceus,  Cardellina  riibrifrons,  Trogon  ambi- 
guus,  and  the  numerous  species  of  hummingbirds,  there  are  besides  these,  many 
others  closely  related  to  southern  California  forms.  In  this  class  may  be  men- 
tioned Strix  o.  huachncae,  Melanerpes  f.  aculeatus,  Aimophila  r.  scotti,  Pipilo  f. 
mcsoleucus,  Vireo  h.  stephensi,  Sitta  pygmaea,  and  Baeolophus  i.  griseus.  Of 
these  the  Strix,  Aimophila,  and  Vireo  are  of  peculiar  interest,  for  although  but 
slightly  distinguished  from  their  California  relatives,  the  habitats  of  the  Pacific 
Coast  and  Arizona  representatives  are  so  widely  separated  that  there  is  no  possi- 
bility of  their  joining  at  any  point.  These  birds  must  be  treated  as  subspecies 
rather  than  species  on  the  ground  of  the  slight  degree  of  difference  between  the 
races,  for  they  are  resident  wherever  they  occur,  and  from  the  manner  in  which 
they  are  isolated  in  comparatively  limited  areas  of  Upper  Sonoran  and  Transition 
in  the  vast  surrounding  extent  of  Lower  Sonoran  desert,  there  is  no  possibility  of 
continuity  of  range  with  their  closest  allies. 

To  sum  up,  it  thus  appears  that  the  bird  life  of  the  higher  mountains  of  Ari- 
zona is  a  rather  curious  composite,  of  more  northern  Rocky  Mountain  forms  ex- 
tending southward,  and  of  the  southern,  Mexican  plateau  forms  extending  north- 
ward, the  two  faunas  meeting,  and  to  a  certain  extent  interdigitating.  Added  to 
these  are  other  species,  probably  of  southern  derivation,  closely  allied  to  Pacific 
Coast  races  but  entirely  isolated  from  them.  Somewhat  similar  conclusions  were 
reached  by  Mearns  in  a  paper  on  the  avifauna  of  the  mountains  of  central  Arizona 
( 1890,  pp.  45-50) ,  but  with  an  assumption  of  more  continuous  connection  of  the 
Arizona  mountains  with  the  Sierras  of  central  California  than  seems  to  exist. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY 
LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS  RELATING  TO  ARIZONA  ORNITHOLOGY 

The  titles  are  arranged  chronologically.  Under  each  year  the  authors  are 
entered  in  alphabetical  order,  and  the  works  of  each  listed  chronologically  in  or- 
der of  publication.  The  brief  explanatory  notes  appended  aim  to  assist  to  a  clear 
idea  of  the  scope  and  character  of  a  book  or  paper  when  such  is  not  apparent 
from  the  title,  and  also  to  call  attention  to  any  point  of  particular  interest  in  con- 
nection with  the  present  publication. 

1843.  Gambel,  W.  Descriptions  of  some  new  and  rare  Birds  of  the  Rocky 
Mountains  and  California.  <  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  i,  1843,  PP- 
259-262. 

Woodhouse,  S.  W.  Report  of  an  Expedition  down  the  Zuni  and  Colorado 
Rivers,  by  Captain  L.  Sitgreaves,  Corps  Topographical  Engineers.  Accom- 
panied by  Maps,  Sketches,  Views,  and  Illustrations.  Washington:  Robert 
Armstrong,  Public  Printer.  1853.  8vo,  pp.  1-198,  77  pis.,  map.  >  Birds. 
By  S.  W.  Woodhouse,  M.  D.  Pp.  58-105,  pis.  I,  III-VI. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  •« 

1854.  Baird,  S.  F.  Descriptions  of  New  Birds  collected  between  Albuquerque, 
N.  M.,  and  San  Francisco,  California,  during  the  Winter  of  1853-54,  by  Dr. 

C.  B.  R.  Kennedy  and  H.  B.  Mollhausen,  naturalists  attached  to  the  survey 
of  the  Pacific  R.  R.  Route,  under  Lt.  A.  W.  Whipple.     <  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phila.,  June,  1854,  pp.  118-120. 

Cypselus  (  =  Aeronaut  es)  melanoleucus;  Culicivora  (  =  Polioptila)  plumbed, 
Psaltriu  (  =  Psaltriparus)  plnmbeus;  Carpodacus  casfini;  Zonotrichia  fallax  (  =  Me- 
lospisa  melodia  fallax) ;  Pipilo  mesoleucus;  Centurus  uropygialis;  all  described  from 
localities  in  Arizona. 

1854.  Heermann,  A.  L.  Additions  to  North  American  Ornithology,  with  de- 
scriptions of  new  species  of  the  genera  Actidurus,  Podiceps  and  Podylymbus. 
<Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  October,  1854,  pp.  177-180. 

1856.  Kennerly,  C.  B.  R.  Pacific  Railroad  Reports,  Vol.  IV,  1856.  Route  near 
the  thirty-fifth  parallel,  explored  by  Lieutenant  A.  W.  Whipple,  topograph- 
ical engineers,  in  1853  an<^  l&54-  >Part  VI.  Report  on  the  Zoology  of  the 
Expedition.  No.  i.  Field  Notes  and  Explanations.  By  C.  B.  R.  Kennerly, 
M.  D.,  Physician  and  Naturalist  to  the  Expedition.  Pp.  1-17. 

1858.  Baird,  S.  F.,  Cassin,  J.,  and  Lawrence,  G.  N.     Pacific  Railroad  Reports, 
Vol.  IX,  1858.    Explorations  and  Surveys  for  a  Railroad  Route  from  the 
Mississippi  River  to  the  Pacific  Ocean.    War  Department.     Birds :  By  Spen- 
cer F.  Baird.     Assistant  Secretary  Smithsonian  Institution.    With  the  co- 
operation of  John  Cassin  and  George    N.    Lawrence.     Washington,  D.  C., 
1858.    Pp.  Hvi,  1-1005. 

1859.  Baird,  S.  F.    Report  on  the  United  States  and  Mexican  Boundary  Survey, 
made  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  by  William  H. 
Emory,   Major  First  Cavalry  and  United   States  Commissioner.     Vol.   II. 
Washington,  1859.     >  P&rt  H,  Zoology  of  the  Boundary.     > Birds  of  the 
Boundary,  by  Spencer  F.  Baird.     Pp.  1-32,  25  pis. 

1859.  Heermann,  A.  L.  Pacific  Railroad  Reports,  Vol  X,  1859.  >  Route  near 
the  thirty-second  parallel,  from  the  Rio  Grande  to  the  Pimas  Villages,  etc.  > 
No.  i.  Report  upon  Birds  collected  on  the  Survey.  By  A.  L.  Heermann,  M. 

D.  Pp.  9-20  +  n,  3  pis. 

1859.  Kennerly,  C.  B.  R.  Pacific  Railroad  Reports,  Vol.  X,  1859.  >  Part  VI. 
Route  near  the  thirty-fifth  parallel,  explored  by  Lieutenant  A.  W.  Whipple, 
topographical  engineers,  in  1853  and  1854.  >  no.  3.  Report  on  Birds  col- 
lected on  the  Route.  Pp.  19-35,  u  pis. 

1861.  Baird,  S.  F.  Report  upon  the  Colorado  River  of  the  West,  Explored  in 
1857  and  1858  by  Lieutenant  Joseph  C.  Ives,  Corps  of  Topographical  Engi- 
neers, Under  the  Direction  of  the  Office  of  Explorations  and  Surveys,  A.  A. 
Humphreys,  Captain  Topographical  Engineers,  in  Charge.  By  Order  of  the 
Secretary  of  War.  Washington:  Government  Printing  Office.  1861.  >  V. 
Zoology.  By  Professor  S.  F.  Baird.  Pp.  1-6.  >  List  of  Birds  collected  on 
the  Colorado  Expedition.  Pp.  5-6. 


%  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

1861.  Cooper,  J.  G.  New  California  Animals.  <Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  Sci.,  II, 
1861,  pp.  118-123. 

Includes  original  descriptions  of  Athene  whitneyi  and  Helminthophaga  luciae,  both 
from  Fort  Mohave,  Arizona ;  also  notes  on  sixteen  species  of  birds  from  Fort  Mohave 
and  various  localities  in  California. 

1864-1866.  Baird,  S.  F.  Review  of  American  Birds,  in  the  Museum  of  the 
Smithsonian  Institution.  Part  i.=Smithsonian  Miscellaneous  Collections. 
181.  Pp.  i-vi,  1-478,  figs. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Dendroica  graciae,  type  from  Fort  Whipple, 
Arizona. 

i865a.  Coues,  E.  Ornithology  of  a  Prairie- Journey,  and  Notes  on  the  Birds  of 
Arizona.  <  Ibis,  2d  Series,  I,  1865,  pp.  157-165. 

Running  account  of  the  birds  seen  on  an  overland  journey  from  Washington,  D.  C., 
to  Fort  Whipple,  Arizona. 

18655.  Coues,  E.  [Notes  on  birds  observed  at  Fort  Whipple,  Arizona.]  <  Ibis, 
2d  Series,  I,  1865,  pp.  535-538- 

Extracts  from  a  letter  written  from  Fort  Whipple. 

i866a.  Coues,  E.  List  of  the  BIRDS  of  Fort  Whipple,  Arizona:  with  which  are 
incorporated  all  other  species  ascertained  to  inhabit  the  Territory ;  with  brief 
critical  and  field  notes,  descriptions  of  new  species,  etc.  <  Proc.  Acad.  Nat. 
Sci.  Phila.,  XVIII,  1866,  pp.  39-100. 

One  of  the  most  important  publications  relating  to  Arizona  ornithology.  Two 
hundred  and  forty-four  species  are  listed,  but  this  includes  several  now  known  not  to 
occur  in  the  state  (Nauclerus  furcatus,  Ictinia  mississippiensis,  Certhiola  flaveoia 
and  others)  ;  while  in  some  cases  several  names  numbered  separately  are  now 
known  to  refer  to  one  species  (Buteo  swainsoni,  B.  oxypterus,  and  B.  insignatus; 
Sphyrapicus  urilliamsoni  and  S.  thyroideus,  etc.). 

Contains  the  original  descriptions  of  Vireo piumbeus  (  =  Lammreo  solitarius 
plumbeus),  and  of  Vireo  vicinior,  both  from  Fort  Whipple. 

i866b.      Coues,  E.      Field  Notes  on  Lophortyx  gambeli.     <Ibis,  2d  Series,  II, 
1866,  pp.  46-55. 
Habits,  etc.,  as  observed  at  Fort  Whipple,  Arizona. 

i866c.     Coues,  E.     From  Arizona  to  the  Pacific.     <Ibis,  2d  Series,  II,  1866,  pp. 

259-275- 

Remarks  on  the  species  of  birds  seen  on  a  journey  from  Fort  Whipple,  Arizona,  to 
Fort  Mohave,  down  the  Colorado  River  to  Fort  Yuma  and  back  to  Fort  Mohave,  then 
across  the  desert  to  the  coast  of  California  at  San  Pedro.  Extremely  interesting  notes 
on  many  (at  the  time)  rare  and  little  known  birds — Crissal  and  Leconte  thrashers,  and 
many  others. 

1868.  Coues,  E.    List  of  Birds  collected  in  Southern.  Arizona  by  Dr.  E.  Palmer ; 
with  remarks.     <  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1868,  pp.  81-85. 

Fifty-six  species  from  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Grant,  about  sixty  miles  east  of  Tucson. 

1869.  Cooper,  J.  G.    The  Naturalist  in  California.     <  American  Naturalist,  III, 
1869,  pp.  470-481. 

Observations   made   at   Fort   Mohave. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  97 

1870.  Cooper,  J.  G.     Geological  Survey  of  California.     J.  D.  Whitney,  State 
Geologist.     Ornithology.     Volume  I.     Land  Birds.     Edited  by  S.  F.  Baird, 
from  the  Manuscript  and  Notes  of  J.  G.  Cooper.    Published  by  Authority  of 
the  Legislature.    Pp.  i-xi,  1-592,  many  figs. 

Many  observations   from  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Mohave,   Arizona. 

1871.  Coues,  E.      The  Long-crested  Jay.     <  American  Naturalist,  V,  1871,  pp. 

770-775,  i  fig- 
Life  history  and  habits  as  observed  in  northern  Arizona. 

18723.     Coues,  E.    A  New  Bird  to  the  United  States.     <  American  Naturalist, 

VI,  1872,  p.  370. 

Glaucidium  ferrugineum   (  =  Glaucidium  phalocnoides)   taken  near  Tucson. 

i872b.     Coues,  E.    The  Nest,  Eggs,  and  Breeding  Habits  of  Harporhynchus  cris- 
salis.     <  American  Naturalist,  VI,  1872,  pp.  370-371. 
Near  Tucson. 

i872c.  Coues,  E.  Nest  and  Eggs  of  Helrrinthophaga  Luciae.  <  American 
Naturalist,  VI,  1872,  p.  493. 

Nest  and  eggs,  supposed  to  be  of  this  species,  from  the  vicinity  of  Tucson. 

i872d.  Coues,  E.  Occurrence  of  Couch's  Flycatcher  in  the  United  States. 
<  American  Naturalist,  VI,  1872,  p.  493. 

18726.     Coues,  E.     Observations  on  Picicorvus  colutnbianits.     <  Ibis,  1872,  pp. 

52-59- 

18721.  Coues,  E.  Key  to  North  American  Birds,  Containing  a  Concise  Account 
of  Every  Species  of  Living  ami  Fossil  Bird  at  Present  Known  from  the  Con- 
tinent North  of  the  Mexican  and  United  States  Boundary.  Illustrated  by  6 
vSteel  Plates  and  Upwards  of  250  Woodcuts.  Salem :  Naturalists'  Agency. 
New  York:  Dodd  and  Mead.  Boston:  Estes  and  Lauriat.  1872.  Pp.  4, 
1-361,  pis.  I-VI,  figs.  1-238. 

Contains  original  descriptions  of  Spisclla  socialis  var.  arizonae,  type  from  Fort 
Whipple,  Arizona,  and  Harporhynchus  curvirostris  var.  pahneri,  type  from  Tucson, 
Arizona. 

1872.  Ridgway,  R.    On  the  Occurrence  of  Setophaga  picta  in  Arizona.    <  Am- 
erican Naturalist,  VI,  1872,  p.  436. 

Near  Tucson. 

1873.  Bendire,  C.     Nest,    Eggs    and    Breeding  Habits  of  the  Vermilion  Fly- 
catcher (Pyroccphalus  rubineus  var.  Me.vicann-s').    <  American  Naturalist, 

VII,  1873,  pp.  170-171. 

As  observed  in  southern  Arizona. 

1873.     Brewer,  T.  M.     Description  of  some  Nests  and  Eggs  of  Arizona  Birds. 
<Proc.  Boston  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  XVI,  1873,  pp.  106-111. 
From  specimens  collected  by  Lieut.  C.  Bendire  near  Tucson. 


98  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

1873.  Coues,  E.     Some  United  States  Birds,  New  to  Science,  and  other  things 
Ornithological.     <  American  Naturalist,  VII,  1873,  pp.  321-331,  figs.  65- 
70. 

Original  descriptions  of  Pcucaea  carpalis  and  Harporhynchus  bendirei,  taken  near 
Tucson. 

1874.  Coues,  E.     Birds  of  the  Northwest:  A  Hand-book  of  the  Ornithology  of 
the  Region  Drained  by  the  Missouri  River  and  its  Tributaries.     =Miscel- 
laneous  Publications  No.  3.  U.  S.  Geol.  Surv.  of  the  Terr.    Washington:  1874, 
8vo,  pp.  i-xi,  1-791. 

1874.  Henshaw,  H.  W.  On  a  Hummingbird  new  to  our  Fauna,  with  certain 
other  facts  ornithological.  <  American  Naturalist,  VIII,  1874,  pp.  241-243. 

Eugenes  fulgens  taken  at  Camp  Grant ;  Centrony.v  Bairdi  found  abundantly  in 
southern  Arizona  in  the  fall. 

1874.  Yarrow,  H.  C.,  and  Henshaw,  H.  W.  Report  upon  Ornithological  Speci- 
mens collected  in  the  years  1871,  1872,  and  1873.  <  Geog.  Surv.  West  looth 
Merid.  by  George  M.  Wheeler,  1874,  pp.  1-148. 

1874.  Ridgway,  R.  Two  Rare  Owls  from  Arizona.  <  American  Naturalist, 
VII,  1874,  pp.  239-240. 

Syrnium  occidentaie  (  =  Strix  occidentalis  huachucae),  the  second  known  speci- 
men, and  Micrathene  whitneyi  (  =  Micropallas  whitneyi),  the  fourth  known  specimen. 

i875a.  Henshaw,  H.  W.  Annual  Report  G'eol.  Surv.  West  looth  Merid.  by 
George  M.  Wheeler.  —Appendix  LL  of  the  Annual  Report  Chief  of  En- 
gineers for  1875.  8vo.,  pp.  i-iv,  1-196,  pis.  I-IX,  maps,  figs.  >  App.  Ii,  12, 
pp.  139-166.  >  "Notes  upon  the  ornithology  of  the  regions  traversed",  pp. 
149-150;  ''Annotated  list  of  the  birds  of  Arizona'',  pp.  153-166. 

The  list  of  the  birds  includes  294  species  (erroneously  numbered  291).  Of  these 
twelve  are  now  considered  not  to  occur  in  Arizona,  leaving  282  species,  as  compared 
with  362  now  accredited  to  the  state. 

i875b.  Henshaw,  H.  W.  Report  upon  the  Ornithological  Collections  made  in 
portions  of  Nevada,  Utah,  California,  Colorado,  New  Mexico,  and  Arizona, 
during  the  years  1871,  1872,  1873,  and  1874.  -—Rep.  Geog.  Surv.  West 
looth  Merid.  by  George  M.  Wheeler,  1875,  vol.  V,  chapter  III,  pp.  120,  131- 
507,  977-989,  Pis.  I-XV. 

1877.  Lawrence,  G.  N.  Note  on  Doricha  enicura  (Fieill.}.  <  Bull.  Nuttall 
Orn.  Club,  II,  1877,  pp.  108-109. 

The  specimen  of  hummingbird  from  Arizona  recorded  by  Henshaw  (1875a,  p.  162) 
as  Doric  ha  enicura  proves  to  be  a  female  of  Calothorax  htcifcr. 

1877.  Sharpe,  R.  B.     Catalogue  of  the  Passeriformes,  or  Perching  Birds,  in  the 
Collection  of  the  British  Museum.     Coliomorphae,  Containing  the  Families 
Corvidae,  Paradiseidae,    Oriolidae,    Dicruridae,     and     Prionopidae.      =Cat. 
Birds,  III,  1877,  pp.  i-xiii,  1-343,  pis.  I-XIV,  many  figs,  in  text. 

1878.  Brewer,  T.  M.     Notes  on  Junco  cav.iccps  and  the  Closely  Allied  Forms. 
<  Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  III,  1878,  pp.  72-75. 

Contains  descriptions  of  the  eggs  of  Junco  cinercus  (  —  Junco  phaeonotus  palliatus] 
and  Junco  dorsalis  (  =  Jimco  phaeonotus  dorsalis}  from  Arizona. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  99 

1878.  Coues,  E.  Birds  of  the  Colorado  Valley.  A  repository  of  Scientific  and 
Popular  Information  concerning  North  American  Ornithology.  =  Miscel- 
laneous Publications  No.  n.  U.  S.  Geol.  Snrv.  of  the  Terr.  Washington,  1878. 
8vo.,  pp.  i-xvi,  1-807,  66  figs,  in  text. 

1878.  Stephens,  F.  Notes  on  a  few  Birds  observed  in  New  Mexico  and  Arizona 
in  1876.  <  Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  III,  1878,  pp.  92-94. 

Observations  on  twenty  species,  generally  without  exact  localities  given.  Mr.  Stephens 
has  informed  me  that  the  region  covered  was  in  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Bayard,  New 
Mexico,  and  in  southeastern  Arizona  (Fort  Bowie,  San  Pedro  River,  and  Tucson). 

18793.     Brewer,  T.  M.    The  Cow-Blackbird  of  Texas  and  Arizona  (Molothrus 
obscums).    <  Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  IV,  1879,  p.  123. 
Regarding  the  size  of  the  eggs. 

i879b.  Brewer,  T.  M.  Notes  on  the  Nests  and  Eggs  of  the  Eight  North  Am- 
erican Species  of  Empidonaces.  <  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  II,  1879,  pp. 
i -10. 

E.  obscurus  from  Arizona,  but  the  identification  is  questionable. 

1 88 1  a.     Brewster,  W.     Notes  on  Some  Birds  from  Arizona  and  New  Mexico, 
with  a  Description  of  a  Supposed  New  Whip-poor-will.     <   Bull.  Nuttall 
Orn.  Club,  VI,  1881,  pp.  65-73. 
Seventeen   species   mentioned. 

i88ib.  Brewster,  W.  On  the  Affinities  of  Certain  Polioptilae,  with  a  Descrip- 
tion of  a  New  Species.  <  Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  VI,  1881,  pp.  101-107. 

Polioptila  phtmbca  and  P.  melanura  shown  to  be  the  same  species,  while  the  Cali- 
fornia bird  is  described  under  the  name  of  Polioptila  californica. 

i88ic.  Brewster,  W.  Additions  to  the  Avi-fauna  of  the  United  States.  <  Bull. 
Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  VI,  1881,  p.  252. 

Parus  meridionalis  (  —  Penthestes  sclateri)  from  the  Chiricahua  Mountains; 
Myiarchus  cooperi  (  =  Myiarchus  magister  magister)  from  Fort  Lowell ;  and  Myi- 
archus lawrencei  (  :z=  M.  1.  olivascens)  from  the  Santa  Rita  Mountains. 

r88i.  Bryant,  W.  E.  Nest  and  Eggs  of  the  Painted  Flycatcher  (Setophaga 
picta).  <  Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  VI,  1881,  pp.  176-177. 

Descriptions  of  nests  and  eggs  taken  by  Mr.  Herbert  Brown  in  the  Santa  Rita 
Mountains  in  June,  1880. 

i88ia.  Coues,  E.  A  Curious  Colaptes.  <  Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  VI,  1881, 
p.  183. 

i88ib.  Coues,  E.  Probable  Occurrence  of  Sarcorhamphus  papa  in  Arizona. 
<  Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  VI,  1881,  p.  248. 

A  pair  of  birds  supposed  to  be  of  this  species,  killed  on  the  Verde  River,  but  not 
preserved. 

i88ia.  Holterhoff,  E..  Jr.  A  Collector's  Notes  on  the  Breeding  of  a  Few  West- 
ern Birds.  <  American  Naturalist,  XV,  1881,  pp.  208-219. 

Accounts  of  several  species  from  Tucson,  and  westward  to  Los  Angeles. 

i88ib.  Holterhoff,  G.  Verdin  or  Yellow  Headed  Titmouse.  (Paroides  flavi- 
ceps  (Baird)).  <  Ornithologist  and  Oologist,  VI,  1881,  p.  27. 

Breeding  habits,  as  observed  on  the  Colorado  River,  and  at  Tucson,  Arizona. 


1<>0  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

1881.  Wood,   W.     California   Pigmy  Owl    (Glaucidium  gnoma).      < Ornithol- 
ogist and  Oologist,  VI.  1881,  pp.  33-35.  47-48. 

,i882a.     Bendire,  C.  E.     American  Long-eared  Owl.     < Ornithologist  and  Oolo- 
gist.  VI.  1882.  pp.  81-82. 

Mention  of  its  occurrence  in  winter  on  Rillito  Creek,  near  Tucson,  Arizona. 

18820.  Bendire,  C.  E.  Mexican  Goshawk.  <  Ornithologist  and  Oologist.  VI, 
1882,  pp.  87-88. 

An  interesting  account  of  the  breeding  habits  of  the  Mexican  Goshawk,  Asturina 
nitida  plagiata  (  =  Asturina  plagiata),  as  observed  in  southern  Arizona  (Santa  Cruz 
River,  San  Pedro  River,  Rillito  Creek). 

i882c.  Bendire,  C.  E.  Whitney  Owl.  <  Ornithologist  and  Oologist.  VI, 
1882,  pp.  94-96. 

Observations  on  Micrathcnc  (  =  Micropallas)  whitneyi  as  observed  on  Rillito  Creek, 
Arizona. 

i882d.  Bendire,  C.  E.  The  Spotted  Owl.  <  Ornithologist  and  Oologist,  VII, 
1882,  p.  99. 

Notes  on  two  birds  and  an  egg  taken  near  Tucson  in  1872. 

i882e.  Bendire,  C.  E.  The  Rufous- winged  Sparrow.  <  Ornithologist  and 
Oologist,  VII,  1882,  pp.  121-122. 

An  account  of  the  habits  of  Peucaca  (  =  Aimophila}  carfalis,  as  observed  in  the 
vicinity  of  Tucson  and  Camp  Lowell,  Arizona. 

1882-83.  Brewster.  W.  On  a  Collection  of  Birds  Lately  Made  by  Mr.  F. 
Stephens  in  Arizona.  <  Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  VII,  1882,  pp.  65-86,  135- 
147,  193-212;  VIII,  1883,  pp.  21-36. 

1882.  Brewster,  W.     Nest  and  Eggs  of  Setophaga  picta — a  Correction.     <  Bull. 
Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  VII,  1882,  p.  249. 

1882.     Coues,  E.     Nesting  of  the    White-bellied    Wren     (Thryothonis    bctvicki 
Iciicogaster).    <  Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  VII,  1882,  pp.  52-53. 
In  northwestern  Arizona. 

1882.  Evermann.  B.  W.  Black-Crested  Flycatcher.  <  Ornithologist  and  Oolo- 
gist, VII,  1882,  pp.  169-170,  177-179. 

Phainopepla  nitcns  as  observed  in  southern  California.  Quotes  from  a  letter  of 
Capt.  Bendire  in  regard  to  the  species  as  observed  in  Arizona. 

18823.  Ridgway,  R.  List  of  Additions  to  the  Catalogue  of  North  American 
Birds.  <Bull.  Nuttall  Orn.  Club,  VII,  1882,  pp.  257-258. 

i882b.  Ridgway,  R.  Critical  Remarks  on  the  Tree-creepers  (Certhia)  of 
Europe  and  North  America.  <  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus..  V,  1882,  pp.  III- 
116. 

Contains  original  description  of  Certhia  familiaris  in  on  tana,  type  from  Camp  Apache. 
Arizona. 

1884.     Adios.    Some  Arizona  Quails.     <  Forest  and  Stream,  XXII.  1884,  p.  103. 

1884.  tBrown,  HJ  Ortyx  virginianus  in  Arizona.  <  Forest  and  Stream. 
XXII,  1884,  p.  104. 

Announcement  of  the  capture  of  "a  pair  of  genuine  Bob  White  quail  .  .  .  in 
the  Barboquiviri  range,  about  sixty  miles  southwest  of  Tuscon"  (  =  Tucson). 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  101 

1884.  Grinnell,  G.  B.  A  Quail  new  to  the  United  States  Fauna.  <  Forest  and 
Stream,  XXII,  1884,  p.  243. 

Imperfect  specimens  collected  by  Herbert  Brown  ("An  almost  complete  skin  of  a 
female  bird,  and  portions  of  the  wing,  breast  and  tail  of  a  male")  identified  by  Ridg- 
way  as  Ortyx  graysoni. 

1884?..  Ridgway,  R.  Ort\.v  inrgiwanns  not  in  Arizona.  <  Forest  and  Stream, 
XXII,  1884,  p.  124. 

Refers  to  the  note  published  in  the  preceding  number  of  the  same  paper  (sec 
Brown,  1884,  p.  104).  The  bird  is  presumed  to  be  Cyrtonyx  massena,  or  else  "one  of 
the  Mexican  species  of  Ortyx  (perhaps  O.  Graysoni}." 

18840.'  Ridgway,    R.      Descriptions   of    Some    New     North    American     Birds. 

<  Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash..  II,  1884,  pp.  89-95. 

Includes  original  descriptions  of  Myiarchus  mexicanus  magistcr  and  Myiarchus 
loiarcncei  olivascens. 

i88-jc.  Ridgway,  R.  Remarks  on  the  Type  Specimens  of  Muscicapa  fulvifrons, 
Girand,  and  Mitrephorus  pallescens,  Coues.  <  Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash.,  II. 
1884,  pp.  108-110. 

18853.  Brewster,  W.  Preliminary  Notes  on  Some  Birds  Obtained  in  Arizona  by 
Mr.  F.  Stephens  in  1884.  <  Auk.  II,  1885,  pp.  84-85. 

i885b.  Brewster,  W.  Additional  Notes  on  Some  Birds  Collected  in  Arizona 
and  the  Adjoining  Province  of  Sonora,  Mexico,  by  Mr.  F.  Stephens  in  1884: 
with  a  Description  of  a  New  Species  of  Ortyx.  <  Auk,  II,  1885.  pp.  196- 
200. 

Notes  on  nineteen  species ;  contains  the  original  description  of  Colinus  ridgwayi. 

18853.  Brown,  H.  Peculiar  Eggs  of  Scops  Trichopsis.  <  Ornithologist  and 
Oologist,  X.  1885,  p.  96. 

Description  of  a  set  of  blotched  eggs  of  Scops  trichopsis  (  =  Otus  asw  gilmani}  ; 
considered  as  possibly  the  result  of  hybridism  between  that  species  and  Falco  spar- 
Tcrius! 

i88sb.     Brown,  H.     Arizona  Bird  Notes.     <  Forest  and  Stream,  XXIV,  1885, 

P-  36/. 
i885c.     Brown.  H.     Arizona  Quail  Notes.     <  Forest  and  Stream,  XXV,  1885. 

P-  445- 

Deals  chiefly  with  Colinus  ridgwayi,  now  considered  as  the  bird  previously  identi- 
fied by  Ridgway  as  Ortyx  graysoni.    Detailed  account  of  habits,  distribution,  etc. 

18853.  Ridgway,  R.  Icterus  cucullatus,  Swainson,  and  its  Geographical  Varia- 
tions. <  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  VIII,  1885,  pp.  18-19. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Icterus  cucullatus  nelsoni,  type  locality  Tucson, 
Arizona. 

i885b.     Ridgway.    R.      Some    Emended    Names    of    North    American    Birds. 

<  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  VIII,  1885,  pp.  354-356. 

i885c.     Ridgway,  R.     Description  of  a  New  Cardinal  Grosbeak  from  Arizona. 

<  Auk,  II.  1885,  pp.  343-345- 

Cardinnlis  cnrdinalis  superbus,  new  subspecies,  type  locality  near  Fort  Lowell. 


102  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

18850!.     Ridgway.  R.    On  Junco  cinereus  (Swains.)  and  its  Geographical  Races. 

<  Auk,  II,  1885,  PP-  363-364- 

18853.  Scott,  W.  E.  D.  On  the  Breeding  Habits  of  Some  Arizona  Birds.  First 
Paper.  Icterus  parisorum.  <  Auk,  II,  1885,  pp.  1-7.  Second  Paper.  Ic- 
terus ciicullatus.  Pp.  159-165.  Third  Paper.  Phainopepla  nitens.  Pp,  242- 
246.  Fourth  Paper.  Vireo  vicinior.  Pp.  321-326. 

As  observed  in  the  vicinity  of  Tucson  and  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains. 

i885b.     Scott,  W.  E.  D.     Winter  Mountain  Notes    from    Southern    Arizona. 

<  Auk,  II,  1885,  pp.  172-174. 

Running  account  of  the  birds  seen  at  the  summit  of  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains, 
November  26  to  29,  1884. 

i885c.  Scott,  W.  E.  D.  Early  Spring  Notes  from  the  Mountains  of  Southern 
Arizona.  <  Auk,  II,  1885,  PP-  34-8-356. 

Birds  seen  in  the  Santa  Catalina  Mountains,  April  19  to  24,  1885. 

i885d.  Scott.  W.  E.  D.  A  Mule  Bird.  <  Forest  and  Stream,  XXIII,  1885,  p. 
484- 

Hybrid  between  Colaptes  cafer  collaris  and  Colonies  chrysoidcs  mearnsi.     (Origin- 
ally published  in  the  "Arizona  Daily  Star",  Tucson,  Dec.  16,  1884.) 

1885.  Sharpe,  R.  B.  Catalogue  of  the  Passeriformes,  or  Perching  Birds,  in  the 
Collection  of  the  British  Museum.  Fringilliformes :  Part  r.  Containing  the 
Families  Dicaeidae,  Hirundinidae,  Ampelidae,  Mniotiltidae,  and  Motacillidae. 
=Cat.  Birds,  X,  1885,  pp.  i-xiii,  1-682,  pis.  I-XII,  figs. 

1885.  Stephens,  F.     Notes  on  an  Ornithological  Trip  in  Arizona  and  Sonora. 

<  Auk,  II,  1885,  pp.  225-231. 

Running  account  of  birds  seen  in  the  valley  of  the  Santa  Cruz  River,  from  Tuc- 
son southward,  in  August,  1884. 

i886a.     Allen,  J.  A.    The  Masked  Bob- white  (Colinus  rid^vayi}  of  Arizona,  and 
its  Allies.     <  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  I,  1886,  pp.  273-290,  i  pi. 
Complete  history  of  the  species  up  to  date.     Habits,   distribution,  bibliography,   etc. 

i886b.     Allen,  J.  A.     The  Masked  Bob-white   (Colinus  ridgwayi}   in  Arizona. 

<  Auk,  III,  1886,  pp.  275-276. 

Thirteen  specimens  from  Barboquiviri  Mountain. 

i886c.  Allen,  J.  A.  The  Type  Specimen  of  Colinus  ridgwayi.  <  Auk,  Til,  1886. 
p.  483. 

A  brief  note  stating  that  the  type  is  in  the  collection  of  G.  F.  Morcom. 

1886.  Hargitt,  E.     Notes  on  Woodpeckers.     On  a  new  Species  from  Arizona. 

<  Ibis,  1886,  pp.  112-115. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Picus  arizonac   (  =  Dryobates  arizonae),  type 
from  the   Santa  Rita  Mountains. 

i886a.     Mearns,  E.  A.     Some  Birds  of  Arizona.     <  Auk,  III,  1886,  pp.  60-73. 

Buteo  abbreviatus  and  Urubitinga  anthracina  breeding  in  central  Arizona.     Descrip- 
tions of  adults  and  young,  habits,  etc. 


1914  BIRDS     OF     ARIZONA  103 

i886b.     Mearns,  E.  A.     Some  Birds  of  Arizona.     <  Auk,  III,  1886,  pp.  289-307. 
Crissal  and  Leconte  thrashers,  as  observed  in  Arizona. 

1886.     Parker,  H.  G.     Nest  and  eggs  of  the  Plumbeous  Gnatcatcher.     <  Orni- 
thologist and  Oologist,  XI,  April,  1886,  p.  54. 
Pnlioplila  phtmbea  breeding  in  Final  County,  Arizona. 

1886.    Ridgway,  R.    Arizona  Quail.     <  Forest  and  Stream,  XXV,  1886,  p.  484. 
Mr.  Ridgway  does  not  think  "that  Mr.  Brown  has  demonstrated  the  specific  identity 
of  Colinus  ridgwayi  Brewst.  and  the  pair  cf  birds  I  identified  as  Ortyx  (now  Colinus) 
graysoni  Lawr." 

1886.  Sclater,  P.  L.  Catalogue  of  the  Passeriformes,  or  Perching  Birds,  in  the 
Collection  of  the  British  Museum.  Fringilliformes :  Part  II.  Containing  the 
Families  Coerebidae,  Tanagridae,  and  Icteridae.  =  Cat.  Birds,  XI,  1886, 
pp.  i-xvii,  1-431,  pis.  I-XVIII,  many  figs. 

1886.  Scott,  W.  E.  D.  On  the  Breeding  Habits  of  Some  Arizona  Birds.    <  Auk, 

III,  1886,  pp.  81-86. 

Aphelocoma  sieberii  arisonae,  Peucaea  ruficeps  boucardi  (  —  Aimophila  ruficeps 
scotti),  and  Lophophanes  wollweberi  (  —  Daeolophus  wottweberi)  in  the  Santa  Catalina 
Mountains. 

1886-1888.  Scott,  W.  E.  D.  On  the  Avi-Fauna  of  Pinal  County,  with  Remarks 
on  Some  Birds  of  Pima  and  Gila  Counties,  Arizona.  With  annotations  by 
J.  A.  Allen.  <  Auk,  III,  1886,  pp.  249-258,  383-389,  421-432;  IV,  1887, 
pp.  16-24,  196-205;  V,  1888,  pp.  29-36,  159-168. 

Two  hundred  and  forty-six  species  listed,  with  extensive  annotations. 

1887.  Allen,  J.  A.     A  Further  Note  on  Colinus  ridgwayi.     <  Auk,  IV,  1887, 
PP-  74-75- 

1887.  Bendire,  C.  E.  Notes  on  a  Collection  of  Birds'  Nests  and  Eggs  from 
Southern  Arizona  Territory.  <  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  X,  1887,  pp. 
551-558. 

i887a.     Brewster,  W.     Three  New  Forms  of  North  American  Birds.     <  Auk. 

IV,  1887,  pp.  145-149- 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Phalacnoptilu.s  nuttalli  nitidus;  Arizona  ex- 
amples mentioned. 

i887b.     Brewster,  W.     Further  Notes  on  the  Masked  Bob-white  (Colinus  ridg- 

wayi).     <  Auk,  IV,  1887,  pp.  159-160. 

Found  commonly  in  northern  Sonora,  Mexico.     Habits,  etc. 
1887.     Brown.  H.      Arizona  Bird  Notes.     <  Forest  and  Stream,  XXVII,  18.87, 

p.  464. 

1887.     Morcom,  G.  F.     Notes  on  the  Birds  of  Southern  California  and  South- 
western Arizona.     <  Ridgway  Orn.  Club,  Bull.  No.  2,  1887,  pp.  36-57. 
The  Arizona  observations  are  of  a  few  species  from  the  vicinity  of  Yuma. 

1887.     Parker,  H.  G.     Notes  on  the  Eggs    of    the    Thrushes    and    Thrashers. 
<  Ornithologist  and  Oologist,  XII,  1887.  pp.  69-73. 
Includes   descriptions  of  some   Arizona   specimens. 


104  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

18873.     Ridgway.  R.     The  Coppery-tailed  Trogon  (Trogon  ambigmts)  breeding 
in  Southern  Arizona.     <  Auk,  IV,  1887,  pp.  161-162. 
In   the   Huachuca   Mountains. 

i887b.     Ridgway,  R.     Trogon  ambiguus  breeding  in  Arizona.     <   Proc.  V.  S. 
Nation.  Mus.,  X,  1887,  p.  147. 
In  the  Huachuca  Mountains. 

18870.  Ridgway,  R.  Description  of  a  new  Psaltriparus  from  Southern  Arizona. 
<  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  X,  1887,  p.  697. 

Psaltriparus    santaritac,    type    locality    Santa   Rita    Mountains     (    —    Psaltriparus 
plumbeus  in  Juvenal  plumage). 

1888.  Bendire,  C.  E.  Notes  en  the  Habits,  Nests  and  Eggs  of  the  Genus  Glait- 
cidium  Boie.  <  Auk,  V,  1888,  pp.  366-372. 

Including  an  account  of  G.  phaloenoides,  as  observed  in  southern  Arizona. 
i888a.     Brown,  H.    lonornis  martinica  in  Arizona.     <  Auk,  V,  1888,  p.  109. 

One  specimen,  Tucson,  October  20,  1887. 

i888b.  Brown,  H.  On  the  Nesting  of  Palmer's  Thrasher.  <  Auk,  V,  1888, 
pp.  116-118. 

In  southern  Arizon^a. 

i888a.  Price,  W.  W.  Nesting  of  the  Red-faced  Warbler  (Cardellina  rubrifrons) 
in  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Southern  Arizona.  <  Auk,  V,  1888,  pp.  385- 
386. 

i888b.     Price,  W.  W.    Xantus's  Becard  (Platypsaris  albiventris}  in  the  Huachuca 
Mountains,  Southern  Arizona.     <  Auk.  V,  1888,  p.  425. 
One  specimen,  an  adult  male,  June  20,  1888. 

1888.  Sharpe,  R.  B.  Catalogue  of  the  Passeriformes,  or  Perching  Birds,  in  the 
Collection  of  the  British  Museum.  Fringilliformes :  Part  III.  Containing 
the  Family  Fringillidae.  =  Cat.  Birds  XII,  1888,  pp.  i-xv.  1-871,  pis.  I- 
XVI,  many  figs. 

1888.  Sennett,  G.  B.     Notes  on  the  Peucaea  ruficeps  Group,  with  Description 
of  a  New  Subspecies.     <  Auk,  V,  1888,  pp.  40-42. 

Peucaea  ruficeps  scottii,  new  subspecies,   described   from   Final  County,  Arizona. 

i888a.  Swinburne,  J.  Breeding  of  the  Evening  Grosbeak  (Coccothraustes  res- 
pertina)  in  the  White  Mountains  of  Arizona.  <  Auk.  V,  1888,  pp.  113-114. 

i888b.  Swinburne,  J.  Occurrence  of  the  Chestnut-collared  Longspur  (Cal- 
carius  ornafjis]  and  also  of  Maccown's  Longspur  (Rhyncophanes  maccownii) 
in  Apache  Co.,  Arizona.  <  Auk,  V.  1888.  pp.  321-322. 

1889.  Allen,  J.  A.     Note  on  the  First  Plumage  of  Colinus  ridgwayi.     <  Auk, 
VI,  1889,  P-  l89- 

Description  of  a  young  male  taken  at  Tubal    (70  miles  south  of  Tucson),  October 
10,  1888. 

1889.  Cones,  E.  fA  New  Generic  Name  for  the  Elf  Owl.l  <  Auk,  VI,  1889, 
P-  7T- 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  105 

18893.  X [orris].,  J.  P.  A  Series  of  Eggs  of  Bendire's  Thrasher.  <  Ornitholo- 
gist and  Oologist,  XIV,  1889,  pp.  23-25. 

Detailed   descriptions   of  twenty-nine  nests    and   sets    of  eggs,    all   from    southern 
Arizona    (Pima  and  Final  counties). 

1889)3.     N [orris].,  J.  P.     Eggs  of  the  Mexican  Ground  Dove.     <  Ornithologist 
and  Oologist,  XIV,  1889,  pp.  59-60. 
Taken  near  Tucson. 

1890.  Bendire,  C.  E.  Notes  on  Pipilo  fuscns  incsolencus  and  Pipilo  aberti,  their 
Habits,  Nests  and  Eggs.  <  Auk,  VII,  1890,  pp.  22-29. 

1890.     Brewster,  W.     A  New  Subspecies  of  the  Solitary  Sandpiper.      <   Auk, 

VII,  1890,  pp.  377-379- 
1890.  Dvvight,  J.,  Jr.  The  Horned  Larks  of  North  America.  <  Auk,  VII, 

1890,  pp.  138-158,  i  pi. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Otocoris  alpestris  adusta,  type  locality  Fort 

Huachuca,  Arizona. 

1890.  Hargitt,  E.  Catalogue  of  the  Picariae  in  the  Collection  of  the  British 
Museum.  Scansores,  containing  the  Family  Picidae.  =  Cat.  Birds,  XVIII, 
1890,  pp.  i-xv,  1-597,  pis.  I-XV,  many  figs. 

18903.  Mearns,  E.  A.  Observations  on  the  Avifauna  of  Portions  of  Arizona. 
<  Auk,  VII,  1890,  pp.  45-55,  251-264. 

Annotated  list  of  species  from  the  high  mountains  of  central  Arizona. 

i89ob.  Mearns,  E.  A.  Descriptions  of  a  New  Species  and  Three  New  Sub- 
species of  Birds  from  Arizona.  <  Auk,  VII,  1890,  pp.  243-251. 

Junco  ridgzvayi,  type  locality  Fort  Whipple,  Spinus  tristis  pallidus,  Fort  Verde,  and 
Mclancrpes  formicivorns  aculcatus,    Squaw  Peak,  central  Arizona. 

1890.  Merriam,  C.  H.  Annotated  List  of  Birds  of  the  San  Francisco  Moun- 
tain Plateau  and  the  Desert  of  the  Little  Colorado  River,  Arizona.  <  North 
American  Fauna  No.  3,  1890,  pp.  87-101. 

Birds  observed  at  the  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado  are  listed  on  pp.  38-41. 
1890.     N  [orris]. J.  P.     A  Series  of  Eggs  of  Palmer's  Thrasher.     <  Ornitholo- 
gist and  Oologist,  XV,  1890,  pp.  154-156. 

Descriptions  of  twenty-one  nests  and  sets  of  eggs,  all  from  the  vicinity  of  Tucson, 
Arizona. 

18903.  Poling,  O.  C.  The  Presence  of  McCown's  and  the  Chestnut-collared 
Longspur  in  Southern  Arizona.  Near  the  Mexican  Border.  < Ornithologist 
and  Oologist,  XV,  1890,  p.  71. 

At  Fort  Huachuca  during  February  and  March. 

i89ob.  Poling,  O.  C.  Nesting  of  the  Arizona  Jay.  <  Ornithologist  and 
Oologist,  XV,  1890,  p.  138. 

In  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 

i89oc.     Poling,  O.  C.     On  the  Nesting  Habits  and  Eggs  of  the  Vermilion  Fly- 
catcher.    <  Ornithologist  and  Oologist.  XV,  1890,  p.  140. 
As  observed  at  Fort  Huachuca,  Arizona. 


106  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

rSgod.  Poling,  O.  C.  Notes  on  Eugenes  fnlgcns.  <  Auk,  VII,  1890,  pp.  402- 
403- 

As  observed  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains. 

1890.  Sharpe,  R.  B.  Catalogue  of  the  Passeriformes,  or  Perching  Birds,  in  the. 
Collection  of  the  British  Museum.  Sturniformes,  Containing  the  Families 
Artamidae,  Sturnidae,  Ploceidae,  Alaudiclae.  Also  the  Families  Atrichiidae 
and  Menuridae.  =  Cat.  Birds.  XIII,  1890,  pp.  i-xvi,  1-701,  pis.  I-XV.  many 
figs. 

1890.  White,  H.  G.     Geographical  Variation  of  Eggs.      <   Ornithologist  and 
Oologist,  XV,  1890,  pp.  1-4. 

Descriptions  of  several  sets  of  eggs  from  points  in  Arizona. 

1891.  Anthony,  A.  W.     Notes  on  the  Cactus  Wren.     <  Zoe,  II,  1891,  pp.  133- 
134. 

Comparison  of  nesting  habits  in  southern  California  and  in  New  Mexico  and  Arizona. 

1891.     Ladd,  S.  B.     Description  of  the  Nests  and  Eggs  of  Dendroica  graciac 
and  Contopus  pertina.v.     <  Auk,  VIII,  1891,  pp.  314-315. 
From  Yavapai  County,  Arizona. 

1891.  Poling,  O.  C.  Groove-billed  Ani  (Crotophaga  suldrostris)  in  Arizona. 
<  Auk,  VIII,  1891,  pp.  313-314. 

A  specimen  taken  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains  in  May,   1888. 

1891.  Sclater,  P.  L-,  and  Shelley,  G.'  E.     Catalogue  of  the  Picariae  in  the  Col- 
lection of  the  British  Museum.     Scansores  and  Coccyges,   Containing  the 
Families  Rhamphastidae,  Galbulidae,  and  Bucconidae,  by  P.  L.  Sclater,  and 
the  Families  Indicatoridae,  Capitoniclae,  Crculidae,  and  Musophagidae.  by  G. 
E.  Shelley.    =  Cat.  Birds.  XIX,  1891,  pp.  i-xii,  1-484.  pis.  I-XIII. 

1892.  Bendire,  C.     Life  Histories  of  North  American  Birds  with  special  refer- 
ence to  Their  Breeding  Habits  and  Eggs,  with  Twelve  Lithographic  Plates. 
—  Special  Bulletin  No.  i,  IT.  S.  Nation.  Mrs.  Washington:  1892.  Pp.  i-viii. 
1-446. 

1892.  Brown,  H.  The  Habits  and  Nesting  of  Palmer's  Thrasher.  (Harpo- 
rhynchus  curvirostris  palrneri.}  <  Zoe,  III,  1892,  pp.  243-248. 

18923.  Coues,  E.  Wintering  of  the  Canvasback  in  Arizona.  <Auk,  IX,  1892, 
p.  198. 

On  the  Verde  River  near  Fort  Whipple. 

i892b.  Coues,  E.  Nesting  of  the  Golden  Eagle  in  Arizona.  <  Auk,  IX,  1892, 
p.  201. 

Near  Prescott. 

1892.     Fisher,  A.  K.    Myiarchus  nuttingi  in  Arizona.     <  Auk,  IX,  1892,  p.  394. 
The  birds  here  recorded  as  Myiarchus  nuttingi  eventually  proved  to  be  females  of 
M.  cinerascens   (see  Nelson,  1904). 

1892.     Hartert,  E.     [See  Salvin  and  Hartert.  | 


1914  BIRDS     OF     ARIZONA  107 

1892.  M earns,  E.  A.  A  Study  of  the  Sparrow  Hawks  (Subgenus  Tinnunculus} 
of  America,  with  Especial  Reference  to  the  Continental  Species  (Falco 
sparveriiis  Linn.)  <  Auk,  IX.  1892,  pp.  252-270. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Falco  sparverius  descrticolus+  type  locality  Fort 
Verde,  Arizona. 

1892.  Pember,  F.  T.  Collecting  in  the  Gila  Valley.  <  Wilson  Quarterly,  IV, 
pp.  1-9,  49-54. 

A  narrative  account  of  the  birds  in  the  vicinity  of  Gila  Bend,  of  considerable  in 
terest,   though   unfortunately  none  but  the   English    names    of    birds    are    used.     Of 
especial  note  is  the  description  of  the  nesting  of  the  Mexican  Goshawk,  this  being  the 
westernmost  record  of  the  species  in  Arizona. 

1892.  Rhoads,  S.  N.  The  Birds  of  Southeastern  Texas  and  Southern  Arizona 
Observed  during  May,  June,  and  July.  1891.  <  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila., 
1892,  pp.  99-126. 

Arizona  localities   visited   were   Tucson,    Santa    Catalina    Mountains,    ''Santa    Clara 
River"  (  =  Santa  Cruz  River  ?),  and  Oracle. 

1892.  Salvin,  O.,  and  Hartert,  E.    Catalogue  of  the  Picariae  in  the  Collection 
of  the  British  Museum.     Upupae  and  Trochili  by  Osbert  Salvin.  Coraciae, 
of  the  Families  Cypselidae,  Caprimulgidae,  Podargidae,  and  Steatornithidae, 
by  Ernst  Hartert.    =  Cat.  Birds,   XVI,  1892,  pp.  i-xvi,  1-703,  pis.  I-XIV. 

1893.  Allen,  J.  A.     List  of  Mammals  and  Birds  collected  in  Northeastern  So- 
nora  and  Northwestern  Chihuahua.  Mexico,  on  the  Lumholtz  Archaeological 
Expedition.  1890-92.     <  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  V,  1893,  pp.  27-42. 

Some  specimens  collected  near  Bisbee,  Arizona. 

18933.  Fisher,  A.  K.  The  Hawks  and  Owls  of  the  United  States  in  their  Rela- 
tion to  Agriculture.  =  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric..  Div.  Orn.  and  Mam.,  Bull.  No. 
3,  pp.  I-2IO,  pis.  1-26. 

i893b.  Fisher,  A.  K.  Report  on  the  Ornithology  of  the  Death  Valley  Expedi- 
tion of  1891,  comprising  Notes  on  the  Birds  Observed  in  Southern  California, 
Southern  Nevada,  and  Parts  of  Arizona  and  Utah.  <  North  American 
Fauna  No.  7,  1893,  pp.  7-158. 

Contains  notes  on  species  seen  in  extreme  northwestern  Arizona. 

1893.  Hasbrouck,  E.  M.  The  Geographical  Distribution  of  the  Genus  Mega- 
scops  in  North  America.  <  Auk,  X,  1891,  pp.  250-264,  pi.  VI,  a,  b  (distri- 
bution maps). 

1893.     Ogilvie-Grant,  W.  R.     Catalogue  of  the  Game  Birds   (Pterocletes,  Gal- 
linae,  Opisthocomi,   Hemipodii)    in  the  Collection  of  the  British  Museum. 
=  Cat.  Birds,  XXII,  1893,  pp.  i-xvi.  1-585,  pis.  I-VIII. 

1893.  Salvadori,  T.     Catalogue  of  the  Columbae,  or  Pigeons,  in  the  Collection 
of  the  British  Museum.    =  Cat.  Birds,  XXI,  1893,  pp.   i-xvii,  1-676,  pis, 
I-XV. 

1894.  Coale,  H.  K.     Ornithological  Notes  on  a  Flying  Trip  Through  Kansas, 
New  Mexico,  Arizona  and  Texas.     <  Auk,  XI,  1894,  pp.  215-222. 

Includes  brief  notes  on  the  birds  seen  at  Forts  Verde,  Whipple,  Mohave,  Lowell, 
Huachuca,  Grant,  and  Thomas,  and  at  San  Carlos. 


108  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

1894.     Fisher,  A.  K.     The  Capture  of  Basilinna  leitcotis  in  Southern  Arizona. 

<  Auk,  XI,  1894,  pp.  325-326. 

One  specimen  taken  in  the  Chiricahua  Mountains,  June  9,   1894.     The  first   record 
for  the  United  States. 

1894.  Ridgway,  R.     On  Geographical  Variation  in  Sialia  me.vicana  Swainson. 

<  Auk,  XI,  1894,  pp.  145-160. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Sialia  mexicana  bairdi,  type  locality  "Camp  110, 
New  Mexico"  (  =  Cactus  Pass,  near  Kingman,  Arizona). 

1895.  Bendire,  C.     Life  Histories  of  North  American  Birds,  from  the  Parrots 
to  the  Crackles,  with  special  reference  to  Their  Breeding  Habits  and  Eggs. 
With  Seven  Lithographic  Plates.     Special  Bulletin  No.  3,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus, 
Washington:   1895,  pp.     i-ix,  1-518. 

1895.  Mearns,  E.  A.  Description  of  a  New  Heron  (Ardea  -mrescens  anthoiiyi) 
from  the  Arid  Region  of  the  Interior  of  North  America.  <  Auk,  XII,  1895, 
pp.  257-259. 

1895.     Merriam,  C.  H.  The  Leconte  Thrasher,  Harporhynchus  lecontei.    <  Auk, 
XII,  1895,  pp.  54-60,  i  pi.,  i  fig. 
Distribution,  breeding  habits,  etc. 

1895.  Price,  W.  W.  The  Nest  and  Eggs  of  the  Olive  Warbler.  (Dendroica 
olivacea).  <  Auk,  XII,  1895,  pp.  17-19. 

General  account  of  the  species  as  observed  in  Arizona.    Breeding  habits,  nest  and 
eggs,  distribution,  etc. 

1895.  Ridgway,  R.    On  the  Correct  Subspecific  Names  of  the  Texan  and  Mexi- 
can Screech  Owls.     <  Auk,  XII,  1895,  pp.  389-390. 

1896.  Saunders,  H.,  and  Salvin,  O.     Catalogue  of  the  Gaviae  and  Tubinares  in 
the  Collection  of  the  British  Museum.    Gaviae  (Terns,  Gulls,  and  Skuas)  by 
Howard  Saunders.     Tubinares  (Petrels  and  Albatrosses)  by  Osbert  Salvin. 
=  Cat.  Birds,  XXV,  1896,  pp.  i-xv,  1-475,  pis.  I-VIII,  figs. 

1896.  Sharpe,  R.  B.  Catalogue  of  the  Limicolae  in  the  Collection  of  the  Brit- 
ish Museum.  =  Cat.  Birds,  XXIV,  1896,  pp.  i-xii,  1-794,  pis.  I-VII,  many 
figs. 

18973.  Breninger,  G.  F.  A  roosting  method  of  the  Inca  dove.  <  Osprey,  I, 
1897,  p.  in. 

At  Phoenix,  Arizona. 

i897b.     Breninger,  G.  F.    An  unusual  nesting  site.     <  Osprey,  I,  1897,  p  122. 

Six  eggs  of  the  Gambei  quail  "deposited  in  a  hollow  of  a  Mesquite  tree,  several 
feet  from  the  ground,  and  probably  eighteen  inches  from  the  opening  of  the  cavity". 

i897c.     Breninger,  G.  F.    An  albino  green-tailed  towhee.     <  Osprey,  I,  1897,  p. 

137- 

At  Phoenix,  Arizona. 

i897d.     Breninger,  G.  F.     Coues  Flycatcher.     <  Osprey,  IT,  1897,  p.  12. 
Tn   the   Huachuca   Mountains,   Ari/ona. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  109 

18976.     Breninger,  G.  F.     Nocturnal  Flights  of  the  Turkey  Vulture.     <  Osprey, 
II,  1897,  pp.  54-55. 

A  roost  at  San  Andreas  Canyon,  thirty  miles  southwest  of  Tucson. 

18983.     Breninger,  G.  F.     Barn  Swallows  in  southern  Arizona^  <;  Osprey,  II, 
1898,  p.  117. 

Breeding  at  Elgin,  Saaita  Cruz  County,  Arizona. 

18985.     Breninger,  G.  F.     The  ferruginous  pygmy  owl.     <  Osprey,  II,  1898,  p. 
128,  i  fig. 

As  observed  on  the  Gila  and  Salt  rivers. 
18980.     Breninger,  G.  F.    Hybridization  of  Flickers.     <  Osprey,  III,  1898,  p.  13. 

Supposed   hybrids   between    Colaptcs   chrysoides   and   C.   auratus    and    between    C. 
cl'rysoidcs  and  C.  cafer,  from  southern  Arizona. 

1898.     Brewster,  W.     Occurrence  of  the  Spotted  Screech  Owl   (Mcgascops  as- 
persits)  in  Arizona.     <  Auk,  XV,  1898,  p.  186. 

Two  specimens  of  Mcgascops  aspersus    (  =  Otus  trick-apsis   [Wagler]),  taken   in 
the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona,  on  August  10,  1891,  and  June  20,  1895,  respectively. 

1898.     Oberholser,  H.  C.     A  Revision  of  the  Wrens  of  the  Genus  Thryomanes 
Sclater.     <   Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  XXI.  1898,  pp.  421-450. 

i898a.     Ridgway,  R.     Descriptions  of  Supposed  New  Genera,  Species,  and  Sub- 
species of  American  Birds.     I.  Fringillidae.     <  Auk,  XV,  1898,  pp.  223-230. 
Contains  the  description  of  Amphispiza   bilineuta   dcserticola,  type  locality  Tucson, 
Arizona. 

i898b.     Ridgway,  R.     Description  of  a  New    Species    of  Hummingbird    from 
Arizona.    <Auk,  XV,  1898,  pp.  325-326. 

Atthis  morcomi,  type  locality  Huachuca  Mountain?,  Arizona. 
1898.     Willard,  F.  C.     Quails  going  to  roost.     <  Osprey,  II,  1898,  p.  134. 

Callipchld  sqnamata,  as  observed  near  Tombstone. 

18993.     Breninger.  G.  F.     Gambel's  Quail.     <  Osprey,  III,  1899,  pp.  84,  85,  2 
figs. 

As  observed  in   southern   Arizona. 

1899!).     Breninger,  G.  F.     A  Nest  of  the  Blue-throated  Hummingbird.     < Os- 
prey, III,  1899,  p.  86. 

A  nest  with  eggs  of  Cocligena  clcmenciac  taken  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains  in  June, 
1897. 

18990.     Breninger,  G.  F.     White-tailed  Hawk  in  Arizona.     <  Auk.  XVI,  1899. 

P-  352. 

Specimens  of  Bitteo  albicaudatns  scnnetti  taken  between  Florence  and   Red   Rock, 
where  breeding,  and  at  Phoenix. 

18993.     Brown,  H.    The  Scarlet  Ibis  (Gitara  rnbra}  in  Arizona.     <  Auk,  XVI, 
1899,  p.  270. 

A  flock,  supposed  to  be  of  this  species,  seen  near  Fort  Lowell,  September  17,  1890. 

i899b.     Brown.  H.     The  California  Vulture  in  Arizona.     <  Auk,  XVI,  1899,  p. 
272. 


110  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

1899.  Henninger,  W.  F.  Note  of  the  Spotted  Screech  Owl  (Megascops  tri- 
chopsis).  <  Osprey,  IV,  1899,  p.  29. 

An  adult  male  taken  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  May  27,  1899. 

18993.     Howard,  O.  W.    Summer  Resident  Warblers  of  Arizona.    < Bull.  Cooper 
Orn.  Club,  I,  1899,  pp.  37-40,  2  figs. ;  pp.  63-65. 
Field  observations  on  nine  species  of  warblers. 

i899b.  Howard,  O.  W.  Some  of  the  Summer  Flycatchers  of  Arizona.  <  Bull. 
Cooper  Orn.  Club,  I,  1899,  pp.  103-107,  2  figs. 

Field  observations  on  the  Sulphur-bellied,    Olivaceous,  and  Buff-breasted  flycatchers. 

18993.     Lusk,  R.  D.     New  Nesting  Location  of  Rivoli  Hummer  (Eugenes  ful- 
gens).     <  Osprey,  III,  1899,  pp.  140-141. 
In  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 

i899b.  Lusk,  R.  D.  Nesting  of  the  Sulphur-bellied  Flycatcher.  <  Bull.  Cooper 
Orn.  Club,  I,  1899,  pp.  112-113. 

In  "southern  Arizona."    Locality  not  given. 

1899.     Price,  W.  W.     Some  Winter  Birds  of    the    Lower    Colorado    Valley. 
<  Bull.  Cooper  Orn.  Club,  i,  1899,  pp.  89-93. 

Ninety-one  species  observed  between  Yuma  and  the  mouth  of  the  Colorado  River. 

1899.  Willard,  F.  C.     Notes  on  Eugenes  fulgens.    <  Osprey,  III,  1899,  pp.  65- 
66,  i  pi. 

Nesting  in  the  Huachuca  Mountains. 

1900.  Dwight,  J.,  Jr.     The  Moult  of  the  North  American  Shore  Birds  (Limi- 
colae).     <Auk,  XVII,  1900,  pp.  368-385. 

Makes  mention  of  specimens  of  several  species  secured  in  Arizona. 

19003.  Howard,  O.  W.  Nesting  of  the  Mexican  Wild  Turkey  in  the  Huachuca 
Mts.,  Ariz.  (Meleagris  gallopavo').  <  Condor,  II,  1900,  pp.  55-57,  2  figs. 

i9Oob.     Howard,  O.  W.    Nesting  of  the  Rivoli  Hummingbird  in  Southern  Ari- 
zona.   <  Condor,  II,  1900,  pp.  101-102,  2  figs. 
In  the  Huachua  Mountains. 

1900.  Jones,  L.,  and  Dawson,  W.  L.  A  Summer  Reconnoissance  in  the  West. 
=  Wilson  Bulletin,  No.  33,  1900,  pp.  1-39. 

Contains  lists  of  birds  seen  on  San  Francisco  Mountain  and  at  Mellen,  on  the  Colo- 
rado River. 

1900.     Lusk,  R.  D.    Parrots  in  the  United  States.    < Condor,  II,  1900,  p.  129. 
Rhynchopsitta  pachyrhyncha  in  the  Chiricahua  Mountains,  Arizona. 

19003.  Nelson,  E.  W.  Description  of  a  New  Subspecies  of  Meleagris  gallopavo 
and  Proposed  Changes  in  the  Nomenclature  of  Certain  North  American 
Birds.  <  Auk,  XVII,  1900,  pp.  120-126. 

Meleagris  gallopavo  merriami,  type  locality  47  miles  southwest  of  Winslow,  Arizona. 

i9Oob.  Nelson,  E.  W.  Descriptions  of  Thirty  New  North  Americsn  Birds,  in 
the  Biologicsl  Survey  Collection.  <  Auk,  XVII,  1900,  pp.  253-270. 

Contains   the   original   description   of  Cyrtony.v   montczumae   mcarnsi,  type   locality 
Fort  Huachuca,  Arizona. 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  111 

1900.  Smith,  P.  W.     Nesting  of  Stephens  Whippoorwill.     <  Osprey,  IV,  1900, 
p.  89. 

In  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 

19013.     Breninger,  G.  F.     A  List  of  Birds  Observed  on  the  Ptma  Indian  Reser- 
vation, Arizona.    <  Condor,  III,  1901,  pp.  44-46. 
Eighty-six  species  seen   during  four  days  in  September. 

i9Oib.     Brening-er,  G.  F.   The  Painted  Redstart.    <  Condor,  III,  1901,  pp.  147- 
148,  i  fig. 

Field  observations  in  the  Huachuca  and  Santa  Rita  mountains. 
1901  a.     Brown,  H.     Bendire's  Thrasher.     <   Auk,  XVIII,   1901,  pp.  225-231. 

Nest,  eggs  and  habits,  as  observed  in  southern  Arizona. 

i9Oib.     Brown,  H.     A  Band-tailed  Hawk's  Nest — An  Arizona  Incident  of  Bio- 
graphical Interest.     <  Auk,  XVIII,  1901,  pp.  392-393. 

1901.  Loomis,  L.  M.     An  Addition    to    the    A.   O.   U.    Check-List.     <  Auk, 
XVIII,  1901,  pp.  109-110. 

Dcndro-ica   nigrifrons  taken   in   the   Huachuca   and   Chiricahua  mountains,   Arizona. 

1901.     Lusk,  R.  D.     In  the  Summer  Home    of    the    Buff-breasted    Flycatcher. 

<  Condor,  III,  1901,  pp.  38-41,  i  fig. 

Field  observations  in  the  Santa  Rita  and  Chiricahua  mountains. 

1901.     Mearns,  E.  A.     An  Addition    to    the    avifauna    of    the    United    States. 

<  Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash.,  XIV,  1901,  pp.  177-178. 

Pctrochclidon  melanogaster  in  the  valleys  of  the  San   Bernardino  and   Santa  Cruz 
rivers,  southern  Arizona. 

1901.  Ridgway,  R.    The  Birds  of  North  and  Middle  America.    =  U.  S.  Nation. 
Mus.  Bull.,  no.  50,  part  i,  pp.  i-xxx,  1-715,  pis.  i-xx. 

1902.  Brewster,  W.     Birds  of  the  Cape  Region  of  Lower  California.    =  Bull. 
Mus.  Comp.  Zool.,  XLI,  1902,  pp.  1-241,  map. 

Contains  many  references  to  Arizona  birds. 

1902.     Brown,  H.     Unusual  Abundance  of  Lewis's  Woodpecker  near  Tucson, 
Arizona,  in  1884.     <  Auk,  XIX,  1902,  pp.  80-83. 

1902.     Goldman,  E.  A.    In  Search  of  a  New  Turkey  in  Arizona.     <  Auk,  XIX, 
1902,  pp.  121-127. 

Mcleagris  gallopatio  mcrriami,  as  observed  in  the  Mogollon  Mountains. 

1902.     Howard,  O.  W.     Nesting  of  the  Prairie  Falcon.     <  Condor,  IV,  1902, 

PP-  57-59- 

In  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 

i9O2a.     Mearns,  E.  A.     Description  of  a  Hybrid  between  the    Barn    and    Cliff 
Swallows.     <  Auk.  XIX,  1902,  pp.  73-74. 

190213.     Mearns,  E.  A.    The  Cactus  Wrens  of  the  United  States.     <  Auk,  XIX, 
1902,  pp.  141-145- 

Helcodytes  brunncicapilhis  anthony>    new   subspecies,  described   from   Adonde   Sid- 
ing, Arizona. 


112  PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

19020.     Mearns,  E.  A.     Descriptions  of  Three  New  Birds  from  the  Southern 
United  States.     <  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Alus.,  XXIV,  1902,  pp.  915-926. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Sitla  caroliiiciisis  nclsoni,  type  locality  Huachuca 
Mountains,  Arizona. 

1902.     .Oberholser,  H.    C.      A    Review    of  the    Larks    of  the    Genus    Otocoris. 
<Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  1902,  XXIV,  pp.  801-884,  7  pis. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Otocoris  alpestris  leucansiptila,  type  locality 
Yuma,  Arizona. 

1902.  Ridgway,  R.    The  Birds  of  North  and  Middle  America.    =  U.  S.  Nation. 
Mus.  Bull.,  no.  50,  part  2,  pp.  i-xx,  1-834,  pis.  i-xxii. 

1903.  Bailey,  V.     The  White-necked  Raven.    <  Condor,  V,  1903,  pp.  87-89,  2 
figs. 

Field  observations  on  breeding  habits,  etc. 

1903.     Breninger,  G.  F.     Nest  and  Eggs  of  Coeligcna  clemenciac.     <  Auk,  XX, 

I903»  P-  435- 

In  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 

1903.     Brown,  H.    Arizona  Bird  Notes.    <  Auk,  XX,  1903,  pp.  43-50. 
Running  account  of  several  species  from  the  vicinity  of  Yuma. 

1903.     Fisher,  A.  K.     A  Partial  List  of  the  Birds  of  Keam    Canyon,    Arizona. 

<  Condor,  V,  1903,  pp.  34-36. 
Thirty-nine  species  observed  in  July,   1894. 

1903.     Fowler,  F.  H.     Stray  Notes  from  Southern  Arizona.     <  Condor,  V.  1903, 
pp.  68-71,  106-107. 

Habits  and  manner  of  occurrence  in  Arizona  of  the  following  species  of  birds : 
Cyrtonyx  montesumac  mcarnsi,  Cokimba  fasciata,  Trogon  anibiguus,  Urubitinga 
anthracina,  Micropallas  whitneyi,  Dryobates  arizonac,  Eugenes  fulgeits,  Basillina 
leucotis. 

1903.     Lusk,  R.  D.     Wasted  Talent.  <  Condor,  V,  1903,  p.  135. 
Descriptive  of  a  nest  of  Myiarchus  I.  olivascens. 

19033.     Oberholser,  H.  C.     A  Review   of   the  Genus    Catherpcs.    <  Auk,    XX, 
1903,  pp.  196-198. 

1903!).     Oberholser,  H.  C.     A  Synopsis  of  the  Genus  Psaltriparus.     <  Auk,  XX, 
1903,  pp.  198-201. 

Psaltriparus  santaritae  considered  to  be  the  immature  of  P.  wclanofis  lloydi. 

19030.    Oberholser,  H.  C.    The  North  American  Forms  of  Astragalinus  psaltria 
(Say).     <  Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash.,  XVL  1903,  pp.  113-116. 

1903.     Osgood,  W.  H.     A  List  of  Birds  Observed  in  Cochise  County,  Arizona. 

<  Condor,  V,  1903,  pp.  128-131,  149-151. 

An  annotated  list  of  one  hundred  and  twenty-three  species  observed  from  November 
1,  1894,  to  June  1,  1895. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  113 

1903.  Stephens,  F.     Bird  Notes  from  Eastern  California  and  Western  Arizona. 
<  Condor,  V,  1903,  pp.  75-78,  100-105. 

An  annotated  list  of  the  species  of  birds  observed  in  portions  of  the  Colorado  and 
Mohave  Deserts,  California,  and  from  the  Colorado  River,  at  _the  Needles,  to  the 
Hualpai  Mountains,  in  Arizona. 

1904.  Brown,  H.    Masked  Bob-white  (Colinus  ridgivayi).    <  Auk,  XXI,  1904, 
pp.  209-213. 

History  of  the  species  up  to  date,  with  field  observations,  on  habits,  range,  etc.  Be- 
lieved to  be  extinct  in  Arizona. 

1904.     Cooke,  W.  W.    Distribution  and  Migration  of  North  American  Warblers. 
=  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  Div.  Biol,  Surv.,  Bull.  no.  18,  pp.  1-142. 
Contains  the  only  Arizona  record  of  the  Prothonotary  Warbler. 

1904.     Fisher,  A.  K.     [Review  of  Swarth's  Birds  of  the  Huachuca  Mountains, 
Arizona.]     <  Condor,  VI,  1904,  pp.  80-81. 

Twelve  species  are  added  to  the  list  contained  in  the  paper  reviewed,  one  of  them, 
Dendroica  virens,  being  here  recorded  from  Arizona  for  the  first  time. 

1904.     Howard,  O.  W.     The  Cones  Flycatcher  as    a  Guardian  of    the    Peace. 

<  Condor,  VI,  1904,  pp.  79-80. 

An  account  of  some  of  the  breeding  habits  of  the  species,  as  observed  in  the 
Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 

1904.     Nelson,  E.  W.     A  Revision  of  the  North  American  Mainland  Species  of 
Myiarchus.     <  Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash.,  XVII,  1904,  pp.  21-50. 

Supposed  Arizona  specimens  of  M.  nuttingi  prove  to  be  females  of  M.  cinerascens. 

Oberholser,  H.  C.     A  Revision  of  the  American  Great  Horned  Owls. 

<  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  XXVII,  1904,  pp.  177-192. 

Oberholser,  H.  C.     A  Review  of  the  Wrens  of  the  Genus  Troglodytes. 

<  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  XXVII,  1904,  pp.  197-210,  pi.  V. 

1904.     Ridgway,  R.    The  Birds  of  North  and  Middle  America.    =  U.  S.  Nation. 
Mus.  Bull.,  no.  50.  part  3,  pp.  i-xx,  1-901,  pis.  i-xix. 

19043.     Swarth,  H.   S.     The  Status  of  the  Southern  California  Cactus  Wren. 

<  Condor,  VI,  1904,  pp.  17-19. 


Swarth,  H.  S.     Birds  of  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona.     =  Pac. 
Coast  Avifauna  no   4,  1904,  pp.  1-70. 
One  hundred  and  ninety-six  species  listed. 

T905a.     Breninger,  G.  F.     Are  the  Habits  of  Birds  Changing?     <  Auk,  XXII. 
1905.  pp.  360-363. 

Running  account  of  some  unusual  nesting  sites  used  by  several  species  in  southern 
Arizona. 

Breninger;  G.  F.    The  Yellow-billed  Tropic  Bird  near  Phoenix,  Arizona. 
<  Auk,  XXII,  1905,  p.  408. 

One  specimen  taken  alive  near  Phoenix,  in  April,  1905,  and  recorded  as  Phaethon 
aiucricainis.    It  eventually  proved  to  be  P.  aethereus  (see  Miller,  1910). 


114  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

19050.  Breninger,  G.  F.  The  English  Sparrow  at  Tucson,  Arizona.  <  Auk, 
XXII,  1905,  p.  417. 

First  recorded  appearance  of  the  species  in  the  state. 

1905.  [Childs,  J.  L.]  Eggs  of  the  Olive  Warbler  (Dendroica  olivacca]  <  The 
Warbler,  I,  1905,  p.  17,  I  col.  pi.,  i  fig. 

Brief  account  of  a  set  from  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  with  a  colored  plate  show- 
ing the  eggs,  and  figure  of  a  pair  of  birds  with  nest 

1905.  Oberholser,  H.  C.  The  Forms  of  Vermivora  celata  (Say).  <  Auk, 
XXII,  1905,  pp.  242-247. 

Vermivora  celata  orestcra,  new  subspecies,  described  from  Willis,  New  Mexico, 
is  mentioned  as  occurring  at  various  points  in  Arizona ;  breeding  at  Mount  Graham. 

1905.  Stone,  W.  On  a  Collection  of  Birds  and  Mammals  from  the  Colorado 
Delta,  Lower  California.  With  Field  Notes  by  Samuel  N.  Rhoads.  <  Proc. 
Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1905,  pp.  676-690. 

Includes  observations  made  in  the  vicinity  of  Yuma. 

i9O5a.  Swarth,  H.  S.  Summer  Birds  of  the  Papago  Indian  Reservation  and  of 
the  Santa  Rita  Mountains,  Arizona.  <  Condor,  VII,  1905,  pp.  22-28,  47- 
50,  77-81. 

Giving  separate  annotated  lists  of  sixty-four  and  sixty-nine  species,  respectively,,  for 
the  two  localities. 

T905b.     Swarth,  H.  S.    A  Correction.     <  Condor,  VII,  1905,  p.  144. 

19050.  Swarth,  H.  S.  Atratus  versus  Megalonyx.  <  Condor,  VII,  1905,  pp. 
171-174,  map. 

A  discussion  of  the  races  of  Pipilo  maculatus  occurring  in  the  southwestern  United 
States,  with  description  of  a  new  subspecies,  Pipilo  maculatus  montanus,  the  type  from 
the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 

1905.  Willard,  F.  C.    Notes  from  Cochise  Co.,  Ariz. :  Purple  Gallinule.     <  Con- 
dor, VII,  1905,  p.  112. 

Account  of  the  capture  of  a  specimen  of  the  Purple  Gallinule  (lonornis  martinica) 
at  Tombstone,  Arizona,  in  June,  1904,  with  mention  of  an  alleged  occurrence  of  the 
same  species  in  the  Dragoon  Mountains,  in  April,  1903. 

1906.  Bishop,  L.  B.    Uranomitra  salvini  in  Arizona.     <  Auk,  XXIII,  1906,  pp. 
337-338- 

A  young  female,  the  second  known  example  of  the  species,  taken  at  Palmerlee, 
Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona,  on  July  4,  1905. 

1906.  Brown,  H.  The  Water  Turkey  and  Tree  Ducks  near  Tucson,  Arizona. 
<  Auk,  XXIII,  1906,  pp.  217-218. 

Anhinga  anhinga,  Dendrocygna  aiitumnalis,  and  D.  fitlva,  in  parts  of  southern  Ari- 
zona. 

1906.     [Childs,  J.  L.]      Nest  and    Eggs    of    the    Blue-throated    Hummingbird 
(Coeligena  clemenciae).    <  The  Warbler,  II,  1906,  p.  65,  i  col.  pi. 
From  the  Huachuca  Mountains. 

1906.  ?Ioward,  O.  W.  The  English  Sparrow  in  the  Southwest.  <  Condor, 
VIII,  1906,  pp.  67-68. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  115 

1906.     Miller,  W.  De  W.     List  of  Birds  Collected  in  Northwestern  Durango, 
Mexico,  by  J.  H.  Batty,  during  1903.     <  Bull.  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.,  XXII, 

1906,  pp.  161-183. 

Contains  critical  comments  upon  several  Arizona  species. 

1906.  Oberholser,  H.  C.    The  North  American  Eagles  and  their  Economic  Re- 
lations.    =  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  Biol.  Surv.,  Bull.  No.  27,  pp.  1-31,  2  pis., 
2  figs. 

19063.     Ridgway,   R.     "Atratus  versus   Megalonyx".      <    Condor,  VIII,   1906, 

P-  53- 

Critical :  Pipilo  maculatus  montanus  Swarth  considered  a  synonym  of  P.  m.  mega- 
lonyx  Baird. 

iox>6b.     Ridgway,  R.     ''Atratus  versus   Megalonyx".      <    Condor,  VIII,   1906, 
p.  100. 

Critical :  Recognizing  the  validity  of  Pipilo  maculatus  montanus  Swarth. 

1907.  Ridgway,  R.    The  Birds  of  North  and  Middle  America.  =  U.  S.  Nation. 
Mus.  Bull.,  no.  50,  part  4,  pp.  i-xxii,  1-973,  P^s-  i-xxxiv. 

19073.     Smith,  A.  P.    The  Thick-billed  Parrot  in  Arizona.     <  Condor,  IX,  1907, 
p.  104. 

Account  of  the  appearance  of  a  flock  of  "700  to  1000"  in  the  Chiricahua  Moun- 
tains, Arizona,  in  August,  1904. 

190713.     Smith,  A.  P.  Summer  Notes  from  an  Arizona  Camp.     <  Condor,  IX, 

1907,  pp.  196-197. 

A  running  account  of  some  twenty-four  species  of  birds  observed  in  the  Whetstone 
Mountains,  from  May  to  August. 

1908.  Grinnell.  J.     The  Name  of  the  California  Least  Vireo.     <  Auk,  XXV, 

1908,  pp.  85-86. 

1908.     Henderson,  J.    The  Mountain  Bluebird  in  Northern  Arizona.     <  Condor, 
X,  1908.  p.  94. 

1908.     Hollister.  X.     Birds  of  the  Region  about  Needles,  California.     <  Auk, 

xxv,  1908,  pp.  455-462. 

References  to  several  species  seen  on  the  Arizona   side  of  the  Colorado  River  at 
Fort  Mohave. 

19083.     Smith,  A.  P.     Is  the  Mountain  Bluebird  Resident  at  High  Altitudes? 
<  Condor,  X,  1908,  p.  50. 

Sialia  currucoidcs  at  Flagstaff,  Arizona,  during  February  and  March,  1907. 

I9o8b.     Smith,  A.  P.     Some  Data  and  Records  from  the  Whetstone  Mountains. 
Arizona.     <  Condor,  X,  1908,  pp.  75-78. 

A  running  account  of  some  of  the  species  of  birds  observed  in  the  region  during 
the  summer  months. 

I9o8c.     Smith,  A.  P.     Brain  Parasite  in  White-necked  Raven.     <  Condor,  X, 
1908,  p.  92. 

.     Smith,  A.  P.    Albinism  of  Scaled  Partridge.     <  Condor,  X,  1908,  p.  93. 
Two  albino  specimens  of  Callipepla  squamata  from  the  San  Pedro  Valley,  Arizona. 


116  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

1908.     Swarth,  H.  S.     Some  Fall  Migration  Notes  from  Arizona.     <  Condor, 

X,  1908,  pp.  107-116. 

Annotated  list  of  species  of  birds  seen  in  the  Rincon  and  Huachuca  Mountains, 
Arizona,  from  September  21  to  November  8,  1907. 

1908.  Wetmore.  A.    Notes  on  Some  Northern  Arizona  Birds.     <  Kansas  Univ. 
Sci.  Bull.,  IV  (whole  series,  XIV),  1908,  pp.  377-388. 

An  annotated  list  of  forty  species,  observed  at  Williams.  Arizona,  and  on  Bill  Wil- 
iams  Mountain,  February  24  to  April  1,  1907.  Specimens  of  Sturnclla  inagna  haopesi 
secured  on  the  Coconino  plains. 

19083.     Willard,  F.  C.    An  Arizona  Nest  Census.    <  -Condor,  X,  1908,  pp.  44-45. 

Running  account  of  the  species  of  birds  found  breeding  in  a  garden  in  Tombstone, 
Arizona. 

19080.     Willard,  F.  C.    Huachuca  Notes.     <  Condor,  X,  1908,  pp.  206-207. 

I9o8c.     Willard,  F.  C.    Three  Vireos :  Nesting  Notes  from  the  Huachuca  Moun- 
tains.    <  Condor,  X,  1908,  pp.  230-234,  3  figs. 

Lanivirco  solitaries  plumbeus,  Virco  huttoni  stephensi,  and  Vircosylva  gilva 
swainsoni;  probably  the  southernmost  breeding  record  of  the  last  mentioned  species. 

lo/xja.     Oilman,  M.  F.    Among  the  Thrashers  in  Arizona.     <  Condor,  XI,  1909, 
pp.  49-54,  i  fig. 

Observations  on  five  species  found  on  the  Pima  Indian  Reservation,  southern 
Arizona. 

190913.     Oilman,  M.  F.    Some  Owls  Along  the  Gila  River  in  Arizona.     <  Condor, 

XI,  1909,  pp.  145-1 50,  5  figs. 

Six  species  treated :  Bubo  v.  pallesccns,  Aluco  praiihcola,  Otus  trichopsis  (  =  Otus 
asio  gilmani),  Speotyto  c.  hypogaca,  Glaucidium  phaloenoidcs,  and  Micropallas 
whitncyi. 

19000.     Oilman,  M.  F.     Nesting  Notes  on  the  Lucy  Warbler.     <  Condor,  XI, 
1909,  pp.  166-168. 

19090!.     Oilman,  M.  F.    Red-eyed  Cowbird  at  Sscaton,  Arizona.     <  Condor,  XI, 
1009,  p.  173. 

1909.  Grinnell,  J.   Three  New  Song  Sparrows  from  California.    <  Univ.  Calif. 
Publ.  Zool.,  V,  1909,  pp.  265-269. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Mclospiza  mclodia  saltonis,  the  breeding  song 
sparrow  of  the  lower  Colorado  River  valley,  here  considered  a  different  form  from  M. 
m.  fallax  Baird. 

1909.     Swarth,  H.  S,     Distribution  and  Molt  of  the  Mearns  Quail.     <  Condor, 

XI,  1909,  pp.  39-43.  4  ngs- 
1909.     Visher,  S.  S.    The  Capture  of  the  Red-eyed  Cowbird  in  Arizona.     <  Auk, 

XXVI,  1909,  p.  307. 
Near  Tucson. 

I909a.     Willard,  F.  C.    Behavior  of  a  Young  Rivoli  Hummingbird.     <  Condor. 
XI,  1909,  pp.  102-103. 
Willard,  F.  C.    Nesting  of  the  Arizona  Junco.     <  Condor,  XI,  1909,  pp. 

129-131,  i  fig. 

In   the   Huachuca   Mountains. 


1914  BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA  117 

19090.  Willard,  F.  C.  The  Flammnlated  Screech  Owl.  <  Condor,  XI,  1909, 
pp.  199-202,  5  figs. 

Breeding  in  the   Huachuca   Mountains. 

1910.  American  Ornithologists'  Union.  Check-List  of  North  American  Birds. 
Third  Edition  (Revised).  New  York,  1910.  Pp.  1-430,  2  pis.  (maps). 

1910.  Cooke,  W.  W.  Distribution  and  Migration  of  North  American  Shore- 
birds.  =  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.,  Biol.  Surv.,  Bull.  No.  35,  1910,  pp.  i-ioo,  pis. 
I-IV. 

Pisobia  minittilla  and  Xumcnius  americanus  recorded  for  the  first  time  as  winter 
visitants  in  Arizona. 

1910.  Oilman,  M.  F.  Notes  from  Sacaton,  Arizona.  <  Condor,  XII.  1910, 
pp.  45-46. 

1910.  McGee,  W.  J.  Notes  on  the  Passenger  Pigeon.  <  Science,  n.  s.  XXXII, 
1910,  pp.  958-964. 

The  writer  claims  to  have  found  Passenger  Pigeons  in  abundance  at  Tinajas  Altas, 
in  the  Gila  Mountains,  some  seventy-five  miles  southeast  of  Yuma,  in  1894,  1895,  1900, 
and  1905.  Undoubtedly  a  misidentification. 

1910.  Miller,  W.  De  W.  The  Red-billed  Tropic-bird  in  Arizona.  <  Auk, 
XXVII,  1910,  pp.  450,  451. 

Correction  of  a  previous  erroneous  record  of  Phacthon  americanus  (see  Breninger, 
1905b). 

1910.  Nelson,  E.  W.  A  New  Subspecies  of  Pigmy  Owl.  <  Proc.  Biol.  Soc. 
Wash.,  XXIII,  1910,  pp.  103-104. 

Glaucidium  gnotna  pinicola,  from  the  "Rocky  Mountain  region  of  the  United 
States  and  the  Sierra  Madre  of  northwestern  Mexico,"  the  type  from  Alma,  New 
Mexico.  Specimens  from  Arizona  mentioned. 

19103.  Swarth,  H.  S.  Two  New  Owls  from  Arizona,  with  description  of  the 
juvenal  plumage  of  Strix  occidcntalis  occidentals  (Xantus).  <  Univ.  Calif. 
Publ.  Zool.,  VII,  pp.  1-8. 

Otus  asio  gilmam,  type  locality  Blackwater,  Final  County,  and  Strix  occidentalis 
huachucae,  type  locality  Huachuca  .Mountains. 

1 9  rob.  Swarth,  H.  S.  Miscellaneous  Records  from  Southern  California  and 
Arizona.  <  Condor,  XII,  1910,  pp.  107-110. 

I9ioa.  Visher,  S.  S.  A  Correction:  A  New  Bird  for  the  United  States.  <  Auk, 
XXVII,  IQIO,  p.  210. 

The  Red-eyed  Cowbird  recorded  from  Tucson  proves  to  be  Tangavius  aencus  acncus, 
and  not  T.  a.  involucratus,  as  previously  stated. 

1910!).  Visher,  S.  S.  Notes  on  the  Birds  of  Pima  County,  Arizona.  <  Auk, 
XXVII,  1910,  pp.  279-288. 

One  hundred  and  twenty-seven  species  listed,  including  several  not  otherwise  known 
to  occur  in  the  state.  Many  of  them  are  unquestionably  misidentifications,  and  the 
paper  contains  besides  so  many  obvious  mistakes  and  absurd  statements  that  the  re- 
cords contained  in  it  must  perforce  be  disregarded. 


118  PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA  No.  10 

19103.     Willard,  F.  C.  Nesting  of  the  Western  Evening  Grosbeak  (Hcsperiphona 
vespertina  montana).     <  Condor,  XII,  1910,  pp.  60-62,  i  fig. 
In  the  Huachuca.  Mountains.  Arizona. 

I9iob.  Willard,  F.  C.  The  Olive  Warbler  (Dcndrnca  olivacea)  in  Southern 
Arizona.  <  Condor,  XII,  1910.  pp.  104-107,  i  fig. 

19100.  Willard,  F.  C.  Seen  on  a  Day's  Outing  in  Southern  Arizona.  <  Con- 
dor, XII,  1910,  p.  1 10. 

Records  the  capture  of  the  Texas  Kingfisher   (Cerylc  amcricana  seplcntrionalis)   on 
the  San  Pedro  River. 

191  ia.  Oilman,  M.  F.  Notes  from  Sacaton,  Arizona.  <  Condor,  XIII,  1911. 
P-  35- 

191  [b.  Oilman,  M.  F.  Doves  on  the  Pima  Reservation.  <  Condor,  XIII,  1911, 
pp.  51-56. 

Zcnaidura  m.  carolinensis.  Melopclia  asiatica,  Chacrnepelia  p.  pallescens,  and  Scarda- 
fella  inca,  as  observed  at  Sacaton,  Arizona. 

1911.  Grinnell,  T.  Description  of  a  New  Spotted  Towhee  from  the  Great  Basin. 
<  Univ.  Calif.  Publ.  Zool.,  VII.  1911,  pp.  309-311. 

Pipilo   maculatus  curtatus,  type  locality  Pine   Forest    Mountains,    Nevada.     Speci- 
mens taken  in  the  lower  Colorado  Valley  in  winter. 

19113.  Oberholser,  H.  C.  A  Revision  of  the  Forms  of  the  Hairy  Woodpecker 
(Dryobates  villosus  [Linnaeus]).  <  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  XL,  1911. 
pp.  595-621. 

Dryobates   villosus   leucothorectis   and   Dryobates   villosus   icastus,   new    forms    de- 
scribed, ascribed  to  northern  and  southern  Arizona,  respectively. 

191  ib.  Oberholser,  II.  C.  A  Revision  of  the  Forms  of  the  Ladder-backed  Wood- 
pecker (Dryobates  scalaris  [Wagler]).  <  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  XLL 
1911,  pp.  139-1 59,  i  pi.  [map!. 

Contains  the  original  description  of  Dryobates  scalaris  cactophilus,  type  locality  Tuc- 
son, Arizona. 

iQiia.  Ridgway,  R.  Diagnoses  of  Some  New  Forms  of  Picidae.  <  Proc.  Biol. 
Soc.  Wash.,  XXIV,  1911,  pp.  31-36. 

Contains  Ihe  original  description  of  Colaptcs  chrysoides  mcurnsi,  type  locality  Quito- 
vaquito,  Arizona. 

191  ib.  Ridgway,  R.  The  Birds  of  North  and  Middle  America.  =  U.  S.  Nation. 
Mus.  Bull.,  no.  50,  part  5,  pp.  i-xxiii,  1-859,  P^s-  i-xxxiii. 

1911.  Willard,  F.  C.  The  Blue-throated  Hummingbird.  <  Condor,  XIII, 
1911,  pp.  46-49,  4  figs. 

Breeding  in  the   Huachuca  Mountains. 

19123.  Oberholser,  H.  C.  A  Revision  of  the  Subspecies  of  the  Green  Heron 
(Butorides  virescens  [Linnaeus]).  <  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  XLII,  1912, 
PP-  529-577- 

I9i2b.  Oberholser,  H.  C.  A  Revision  of  the  Forms  of  the  Great  Blue  Heron 
(Ardea  herodias  Linnaeus).  <  Proc.  U.  S.  Nation.  Mus.,  XLIH,  1912,  pp. 

531-559- 


1914  BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA  119 

1912.     Sloanaker,  J.  L.     Two  New  Arizona  Records.     <  Condor,  XIV,  1912, 

P-  154- 

Grus  canadensis  and  Clangula  clangula  amcricana  from  the  vicinity  of  Tucson. 

1912.  Swarth.  H.  S.     Report  on  a  collection  of  birds  and- mammals  from  Van 
couver  Island.     <  Univ.  Calif.  Publ.  Zool.,  X,  pp.  1-124,  pis.  1-4. 

Critical  remarks  on  the  subspecies  of  Gcolhlypis  trichas  occurring  in  Arizona. 

191 2a.     Willard,  F.  C.     A  Week  Afield  in  Southern  Arizona.     <  Condor,  XIV, 
1912,  pp.  53-63,  7  figs.  . 

Running  account  of  birds  seen  on  an  automobile  trip    from    the    Huachuca    Moun- 
tains to  Tucson,  and  then  to  Tombstone. 

191 2b.     Willard,  F.  C.     Migration  of  White-necked  Ravens.     <  Condor,  XIV, 
1912,  pp.  107-108. 

In  Cochise  County,  in  November. 

191 2c.     Willard,  F.  C.    Breeding  of  the  Scott  Sparrow.     <  Condor,  XIV,  1912, 
pp.  195-196,  i  fig. 

In  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 
I9i2d.     Willard,  F.  C.     Nesting  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  Nuthatch.     <  Condor. 

XIV,  1912,  pp.  213-215,  2  figs. 

In  the  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 

1913.  Cooke,  W.  W.  Distribution  and  Migration  of  North  American  Herons  and 
their  Allies.     =  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric..  Biol.  Surv.,  Bull.     No.  45,   1913,  pp. 
1-70,  21  figs,   (distribution  maps). 

Contains  statements  of  the  manner  of  occurrence  of  several  species  in  Arizona. 
1913.     Sloanaker,  J.  L.     Bird  Notes  from  the  South-west.      <    Wilson    Bull., 
XXV,  1913,  pp.  187-199. 
In  the  vicinity  of  Tucson. 

1913.     Swarth,   H.   S.     The   Status  of  Lloyd's   Bush-tit  as  a   Bird  of  Arizona. 
<  Auk,  XXX,  1913.  pp.  399-401. 

Critical.     Arizona  records  of  Psaltriparus  m.  lloydi  shown  to  pertain  to  a  Juvenal 
plumage  of  P.  plumbeus. 

1913.     Todd,  W.  F..  C.     A  Revision  of  the  Genus  Chacmepelia.     <  Annals  of 
the  Carnegie  Museum,  VIII,  1913,  pp.  507-603. 

References  to  Arizona  specimens  of  Chaemepelia  passerina  pallescens. 

19133.     Willard,  F.  C.   Some  Late  Nesting  Notes  from  the  Huachuca  Moun- 
tains, Arizona.     <  Condor,  XV,  1913,  p.  41. 

Breeding  of  Toxostoma  c.  palmerl,  Cyanolaemus  clemcnciae,  and  Columba  f.  fasciata. 

I9i3b.     Willard,  F.  C.     Late  Nesting  of  Certain  Birds  in  Arizona.  <  Condor, 

XV,  1913,  p.  227. 

Seven  species  treated,  from  the  Huachuca  Mountains. 

I9I3C.     Willard,  F.  C     Sharp-shinned  Hawk   Nesting  in  Arizona.     <  Condor, 
XV,  1913,  p.  229. 

In  the  Huachuca  Mountains. 


120 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


INDEX 


Acanthylis  pelasgia,  36 

saxatalis,  37 
Accipiter  atricapillus,  25 

atricapillus  striatulus,  25 

cooperi,  24,  85 

fuscus,  24 

mexicanus,  24 

velox,  24,  85 

velox  pacificus,  24 

velox  rufilatus,  24 
Actitis  macularius,  20,  85 
Actiturus  bartramius,  20 
Actodromas  bairdi,  19 

minutilla,  19 

Aechmophorus  occidentalis,  9,  88 
yEgialitis  montanus,  21 

semipalmata,  21,  89 

vociferus,  21 

Aeronautes  melanoleucus,  37,  86 
Agelaius  gubernator,  47 

gubernator  californicus,  84 

phoeniceus,  47 

phoeniceus  californicus,  84 

phoeniceus  fortis,  47,  88 

phoeniceus  longirostris,  47 

phoeniceus  neutralis,  47,  86 

phoeniceus  sonoriensis,  47,  86 

xanthocephalus,  47 
Aimophila  carpalis,  57,  86,  91,  100 

ruficeps  scotti,  57,  86,  87,  92,  94,  103 
Aluco  flammeus  pratincola,  29 

pratincola,  29,  86,  116 
Ammodramus  bairdi,  52,  88 

passerinus,  53 

sandwichensis  alaudinus,  52 

savannarum  bimaculatus,  53,  86 

savannarum  perpallidus,  53 
Ammodromus  savannarum,  53 
Ampelis  cedrorum,  64 

garrulus,  64 
Amphispiza  belli  cinerea,  56 

belli  nevadensis,  56 

bilineata,  56 

bilineata  deserticola,  56,  86,  91,  109 

nevadensis  nevadensis,  56,  88 
Anas  americana,  12 

boschas,  11 

carolinensis,  12 

cyanoptera,  12 

discors,  12 

penelope,  12 

platyrhynchos,  11,  85 

strepera,  12 


Anhinga,  10 

Anhinga  anhinga,  10,  90,  114 
Ani,  Groove-billed,  32,  106 
Anser  albifrons,  14 

albifrons  gambeli,  14,  88 

gambeli,  14 

hyperboreus,  14 
Anthus  ludovicianus,  72 

pensilvanicus,  72 

rubescens,  72,  88 
Antrostomus  nuttallii,  36 

vociferus,  36 

vociferus  arizonae,  36 

vociferus  macromystax,  36,  87,  92 
Aphelocoma  floridana   woodhousei,   45 

sieberi  arizonae,  45,  86,  87,  92,  103 

sordida  arizonae,  45 

woodhousei,  45,  86,  87,  92 
Aquila  canadensis,  27 

chrysaetos,  27,  85,  92 

chrysaetus  canadensis,  27 
Archibuteo  ferrugineus,  26,  88 

lagopus,  26 

lagopus  sancti-johannis,  26,  90 
Archilochus  alexandri,  37,  87 
Ardea  candidissima,  16 

egretta,  16 

herodias,  16 

herodias  treganzai,  16,  85 

virescens,  16 

virescens  anthonyi,  16,  108 
Ardetta  exilis,  16 
Asio  accipitrinus,  29 

americanus,  29 

flammeus,  29,  88 

magellanicus  pacificus,  30 

magellanicus  pallescens,  30 

wilsonianus,  29,  88 
Astragalinus  lawrencei,  51,  88 

psaltria,  51 

psaltria  arizonae,  51 

psaltria  hesperophilus,  51,  86 

triads  pallidus,  50,  86 
Astur  atricapillus  atricapillus,  25,  90 
Asturina  nitida,  26 

nitida  plagiata,  26,  100 

plagiata,  26,  87,  90,  100 
Asyndesmus  lewisi,  35,  86 

torquatus,  35 
Athene  cunicularia,  31 

hypugaea,  31 

whitneyi,  31,  96 
Atlapetes  chlorurus,  59 


1914 


BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA 


121 


Atthis  cost 

heloisa  morcomi,  39,  90 

morcomi,  39,  109 

Auriparus  flaviceps  flaviceps,  78,  86,  87,  91 
Avocet,  American,  18 
Aythya  affinis,  13 

americana,  13 

marila  nearctica,  13 

vallisneria,  13 

B 
Baeolophus  inornatus  griseus,  77,  86,  92,  94 

wollweberi,  77,  86,  87,  92,  103 

wollweberi  annexus,  77 
Balanosphyra  formicivora  aculeata,  34 
Baldpate,  12 

Bartramia  longicauda,  20,  90 
Basilinna  leucotis,  39,  87,  108,  112 
Becard,  Xantus,  40,  104 
Bernicla  brenta,  82 

•  canadensis,  14 
hutchinsi,  14 

Bittern,  American,  15 

Least,  16 
Blackbird,  Bicolored  Red-winged,  84 

Brewer,  49 

Northern  Red-winged,  47 

San  Diego  Red-winged,  47 

Sonora  Red-winged,  47 

Yellow-headed,  47 
Bluebird,  Azure,  81 

Chestnut-backed,  81 

Mountain,  81,  115 
Bob-white,  Masked,  21,  113 
Bombycilla  cedrorum,  64,  88 

garrula,  64,  90 
Botaurus  lentiginosus,  15,  85 

minor,  15 

Brachyotus  cassinii,  29 
Brant,  82 
Branta  bernicla  glaucogastra,  82 

canadensis  canadensis,  14,  88 

canadensis  hutchinsi,  14,  88 
Bubo  magellanicus,  30 

magellanicus  pallescens,  30 
virginianus,  30 

•  virginianus  arcticus,  30 
virginianus  pacificus,  30 
virginianus  pallescens,  30,  86,  87,  116 
virginianus  saturatus,  30 
virginianus  subarcticus,  30 

Bucephala  albeola,  13 
Buffle-head,  13 
Bunting,  Beautiful,  61 

Lark,  61 

Lazuli,  61 

Painted,  61 


Bush-tit,  Lead-colored,  78 

Lloyd,  119 
Buteo  abbreviatus,  25,  85,  102 

albicaudatus  sennetti,  26,  87,  90,  109 

bairdi,  26 

borealis,  25 

borealis  calurus,  25,  85,  87 

calurus,  25 

elegans,  84 

insignatus,  26,  96 

lineatus  elegans,  84 

montanus,  25 

oxypterus,  26,  96 

swainsoni,  26,  87,  90,  96 

zonocercus,  25 
Butorides  virescens,  16 

virescens  anthonyi,  16,  85 


Calamospiza  bicolor,  61 
meianocorys,  61,  88 
Calcarius  ornatus,  51,  88,  104 
Callipepla  gambeli,  22 

squamata  squamata,  21,   85,.  87,  91,  109, 

115 

Calothorax  lucifer,  39,  90,  98 
Calypte  anna,  38,  90 

costae,  37,  86,  91 
Camptostoma  imberbe,  44,  87,  90 
Campylorhynchus  brunneicapillus,  74 
Canace  obscurus,  22 
Canvas-back,  13,  106 
Caprimulgus  nuttallii,  36 
Caracara,  Audubon,  28 
Cardellina  rubrifrons,  72,  88,  93,  94,  104 
Cardinal,  Arizona,  60 

Cardinalis    cardinalis    superbus,  60,  86,    91, 
101 

igneus,  60 

superbus,  60 

virginianus,60 

virginianus  igneus,  60 
Carpodacus  californicus,  50 

cassini,  50,  86,  92,  95 

familiaris,  50 

frontalis,  50 

mexicanus  frontalis,  50,  86 

mexicanus  obscurus,  50 

pileatus,  50 

purpureus,  50 

purpureus  californicus,  49,  90 
Cathartes  aura,  24 

.  aura  septentrionalis,  24,  85 

californianus,  83 


122 


PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


Catherpes  mexicanus,  74 

mexicanus  conspersus,  74,  86,  87 

mexicanus  polioptilus,  74 

mexicanus  punctulatus,  74 
Catoptrophorus  semipalmatus  inornatus,  20, 

90 

Celeus  torquatus,  35 
Centronyx  bairdi,  52,  98 
Centurus  uropygialis,  35,  86,  87,  91,  95 
Certhia  americana,  76 

familiaris,  76 

familiaris  albescens,  76,  88,  93 

familiaris  americana,  76 

familiaris  mexicana,  76 

familiaris  montana,  76,  82,  92,  100 
Certhioia  flaveola,  96 
Ceryle  alcyon  alcyon,  32,  88 

americana,  33 

americana  septentrionalis,  33,  90,  118 
Chaemepelia    passerina    pallescens,    23,  85, 

91,  118,  119 

Chaetura  vauxi,  36,  89 
Chamaepelia  passerina,  23 
Charadrius  dominicus  dominicus,  83 

vociferus,  21 

Charitonetta  albeola,  13,  88 
Chat,  Long-tailed,  71 
Chaulelasmus  streperus,  12,  85 
Chelidon  erythrogaster,  63 
Chen  hyperboreus  hyperboreus,  14,  88 
Chickadee,  Mexican,  77 

Mountain,  77 
Chondestes  grammaca,  53 

grammacus  strigatus,  53,  86 
Chordeiles  acutipennis  texensis,  36,  87,    90 

henryi,  36 

popetue,  36 

popetue  henryi,  36 

texensis,  36 

virginianus,  36 

virginianus  henryi,  36,  87,  92 
Chroecocephalus  atricilla,  82 

franklini,  82 

Chroicocephahis  Philadelphia,  10 
Chrysomitris  lawrencei,  51 

mexicana,  51 

mexicanus  arizonae,  51 

pinus,  51 

psaltria,  51 

psaltria  arizonae,  51 

tristis,  50 

Cichlopsis  nitens,  64 
Cinclus  mexicanus,  72 

mexicanus  unicolor,  72,  86 
Circe  latirostris,  39 


Circus  cyaneus,  24 

cyaneus  hudsonius,  24 

hudsonius,  24,  85 
Cistothorus  palustris,  75 

palustris  paludicola,  75 

palustris  plesius,  75 
Clangula  albeola,  13 

clangula  americana,  13,  90,  119 
Ciivicola  riparia,  63 
Coccothraustes  vespertina,  49,  104 

vespertina  montana,  49 
Coccyzus  americanus,  32 

americanus  occidentalis,  32,  87 
Coeligena  clemenciae,  37,  109,  112 
Colaptes  auratus  mexicanus,  35 

ayresii,  35 

cafer,  35,  109 

cafer  collaris,  35,  86,  102 

chrysoides,  35,  109 

chrysoides  mearnsi,  35,  86,   87,   91,  102, 
118 

mexicanus,  35 

rubricatus,  35 
Colinus  ridgwayi,    21,    85,    87,    91,    101,    102, 

103,  104,  113 
Collurio  borealis,  65 

excubitoroides,  65 

ludovicianus  excubitorides,  65 
Collyrio  borealis,  65 

excubitorides,  65 

Columba  fasciata  fasciata,  23,  85,  92,  112, 
119 

flavirostris,  83 

leucoptera,  23 

Coiumbigallina  passerina,  23 
Colymbus  arcticus  pacificus,  82 

auritus,  81 

nigricollis  californicus,  9,  87 

pacificus,  82 

torquatus,  9 
Condor,  California,  83 
Contopus  borealis,  42 

pertinax,  42,  106 

pertinax  pallidiventris,  42 

richardsoni,  42 

veliei,  42 

virens  richardsoni,  42 
Coot,  American,  18 
Cormorant,  Farallon,  11 
Corvus  americanus,  46 

brachyrhynchos  hesperis,  46,  86 

cacalotl,  46 

carnivorus,  46 

corax,  46 

corax  carnivorus,  46 


1914 


BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA 


123 


Corvus  corax   sinuatus,  46,  86 

cryptoleucus,  46,  86,  91 

splendens,  46 

Coturnicops  noveboracensis,  17,  90 
Coturniculus  bairdi,  52 

passerinus,  53 

passerinus  perpallidus,  53 

savannarum  bimaculatus,  53 
Cotyle  riparia,  63 

serripennis,  64 
Cowbird,  Bronzed,  47 

Dwarf,  47 

Red-eyed,  116,  117 
Crane,  Little  Brown,  17 

Sandhill,  17 
Craxirex  harrisii,  25 

unicinctus,  25 
Creciscus  jamaicensis,  83 
Creeper,  Mexican,  76 

Rocky  Mountain,  76 
Crossbill,  Mexican,  50 
Crotophaga  sulcirostris,  32,  90,  106 
Crow,  Western,  46 

Cryptoglaux  acadica  acadica,  29,    86,    92 
Cuckoo,  California,  32 
Culicivora  plumbea,  79,  95 
Curlew,  Long-billed,  21 
Curvirostra  americana,  50 
Cyanocephalus  cyanocephalus,  46,  86 
Cyanocitta  californica,  45 

floridana  woodhousei,  45 

macrolopha,  45 

sordida,  45 

stelieri,  45 

stelleri  diademata,  45,  86,  87,  92 

stelleri  macrolopha,  45 

ultramarina  arizonae,  45 

woodhouseii,  45 
Cyanocorax  californica,  45 

stelleri,  45 

Cyanolaemus  clemenciae,  37,  87,  93,  119 
Cyanospiza  amoena,  61 

ciris,  61 
Cyanura  macrolopha,  45 

stelleri  macrolopha,  45 
Cygnus  americanus,  15 
Cynanthus  latirostris,  39,  87,  91 
Cypselus  melanoleucus,  37,  95 
Cyrtonyx  massena,  22 

montezumae,  22 

montezumae  mearnsi,  22,  85,  87,  93,  94, 
110,  112 

D 

Dafila  acuta,  13,  85 

Dendragapus  obscurus  obscurus,  22,  85,    87, 
92,  93 


Dendrocopus  arizonae,  33 

harrisi,  33 
Dendrocygna  autumnalis,  14,  90,  114 

bicolor,  15,  88 

fulva,  15,  114  ~ 
Dendroica  aestiva,  68 

aestiva  brewsteri,  68,  89 

aestiva  morcomi,  68 

aestiva  sonorana,  68,  88,  90 

auduboni  auduboni,  69,  86,  92 

auduboni  nigrifrons,  69,  88,  93 

coronata,  69,  90 

graciae,  69,  88,  92,  96,  106 

nigrescens,  69,  88,  92 

nigrifrons,  69,  111 

occidentalis,  70,  89 

olivacea,  68,  108,  114,  118 

townsendi,  70,  89 

virens,  70,  90,  113 
Dickcissel,  61 
Dipper,  American,  72 
Doricha  enicura,  39,  98 
Dove,  Inca,  24,  108 

Mexican  Ground,  23,  105 

Western  Mourning,  23 

White-winged,  23,  91 
Dowitcher,  Long-billed,  19 
Dryobates  arizonae,  33,   86,   87,   92,   94,   102, 
112 

pubescens  gairdneri,  33 

pubescens  homorus,  33,  86 

pubescens  oreoecus,  33 

scalaris,  33 

scalaris  bairdi,  33 

scalaris  cactophilus,  33,  86,    87,    91,    118 

stricklandi,  33 

villosus  harrisi,  33 

viilosus  hyloscopus,  33 

villosus  icastus,  33,  118 

villosus  leucothorectis,  33,     86,     87,     92, 

118 
Duck,  Greater  Scaup,  13 

Lesser  Scaup,  13 

Ruddy,  14 

E 

Eagle,  Bald,  27 

Golden,  27,  106 
Ectopistes  carolinensis,  23 
Egret,  American,  16 

Egretta  candidissima  candidissima,    16,    89 
Elanus  leucurus,  84 
Empidonax  difficilis  difficilis,  42,  87 

flaviventris  difficilis,  42 

fulvifrons  pygmaeus,  43,  87,  93 

griseus,  43,  89 


124 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  1U 


Empidonax,  hammondi,  42,  89 

obscurus,  43,  99 

pusillus,  42 

pygmaeus,  43 

trailli  pusillus,  42 

trailli  trailli,  42,  87,  90 

wrighti,  43,  89 
Eremophila  alpestris  chrysolaema,  44 

cornuta,  44 
Ereunetes  mauri,  20,  88 

cccidentalis,  20 

pusillus,  20 
Erismatura  jamaicensis,  14,  85 

rubida,  14 

Eudromias  montanus,  21 
Eugenes  fulgens,  37,  87,  93,  98,  106,  110,  112 
Euphagus  cyanocephalus,  49,  86 
Euspiza  americana,  61 


Falcinellus  ordii,  15 
Falco  aesalon,  28 

anatum,  27 

columbarius  columbarius,  27,  88 

coiumbarius  richardsoni,  28,  90 

communis  anatum,  27 

femoralis,  28 

fusco-caerulescens,  28,  86,  91 

lanarius  polyagrus,  27 

mexicanus,  27,  86 

nigriceps,  27 

peregrinus  anatum,  27,  86 

polyagrus,  27 

richardsoni,  28 

saker  polyagrus,  27 

sparverius  deserticolus,  28,  107 

sparverius  phaloena,  28 

sparverius  sparverius,  28,  86,  101 
Falcon,  Aplomado,  28 

Prairie,  27,  111 
Finch,  California  Purple,  49 

Cassin  Purple,  50 

House,  50 
Flicker,  Mearns  Gilded,  35,  91 

Red-shafted,  35 
Flycatcher,  Arizona  Crested,  40,  91 

Ash-throated,  41 

Black-crested,  100 

Beardless,  44 

Buff-breasted,  43,  110,  111 

Coues,  42,  108,  113 

Gray,  43 

Hammond,  42 

Olivaceous,  41,  110 

Olive-sided,  42 

Painted,  99 


Flycatcher,  Sulphur-bellied,  40,  110 

Traill,  42 

Vermilion,  43,  91,  97,  105 

Western,  42 

Wright,  43 
Fringilla  blandingiana,  59 

frontalis,  50 
Fulica  americana,  18,  85 


Gadwall,  12 

Gallinago  delicata,  19,  88 

wiisonii,  19 

Gallinula  galeata,  18,  85 
Gallinule,  Florida,  18 

Purple,  17,  114 
Gambetta  melanbleuca,  20 
Garzetta  candidissima,  16 
Gavia  immer,  9,  88 

pacifica,  82 

stellata,  9,  90 
Geococcyx  californianus,  32,  86,  87,  91 

viaticus,  32 
Geothlypis  macgillivrayi,  70 

Philadelphia  macgillivrayi,  70 

tolmiei,  70 

trichas,  70,  71 

trichas  occidentalis,  70,  71,  88 

trichas  scirpicola,  71,  88,  119 
Glaucidium  ferrugineum,  31,  97 

gnoma,  31,  100 

gnoma  pinicola,  31,  86,  92,  117 

passerinum  californicum,  31 

phaloenoides,  31,  86,  91,  104,  116 
Gnatcatcher,  Plumbeous,  79,  91,  103 

Western,  78 
Godwit,  Hudsonian,  83 

Marbled,  83 

Golden-eye,  American,  13 
Goldfinch,  Green-backed,  51 

Lawrence,  51 

Pale,  50 
Goniaphea  coerulea,  60 

melanocephala,  60 
Goose,  Canada,  14 

Hutchins,  14 

Lesser  Snow,  14 

White-fronted,  14 
Goshawk,  American,  25 

Mexican,  26,  100,  107 
Graculus  dilophus,  11 
Grebe,  American  Eared,  9 

Horned,  81 

Pied-billed,  9 

Western,  9 


1914 


BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA 


125 


Grosbeak,  Black-headed,  60 

Rose-breasted,  60 

Western  Blue,  60 

Western  Evening,  49,  118 
Grouse,  Dusky,  22 
Grus  canadensis,  17,  88,  119 

mexicana,  17,  85 
Guara  rubra,  82,  109 
Guiraca  caerulea,  60 

caerulea  eurhyncha,  60 

caerulea  lazula,  60,  88,  90 

melanocephala,  60 
Gull,  Bonaparte,  10 

Franklin,  82 

Heermann,  82 

Laughing,  82 

Ring-billed,  9 

Western,  82 

Gymnogyps  californianus,  83 
Gymnokitta  cyanocephala,  46 
Gyparchus  papa,  83 

H 

Habia  melanocephala,  60 
Haliaeetus  leucocephalus  leucocephalus,   27, 

86 
Harporhynchus  bendirei,  73,  98 

cinereus  bendirei,  73 

crissalis,  74,  97 

curvirostris,  73 

curvirostris  palmeri,  73,  97,  106 

lecontei,  74,  108 

redivivus  lecontei,  74 
Hawk,  American  Rough-legged,  26 

American  Sparrow,  28 

Band-tailed,  111 

Cooper,  24 

Duck,  27 

Ferruginous  Rough-legged,  26 

Harris,  25 

Marsh,  24 

Mexican  Black,  26 

Pigeon,  27 

Red-bellied,  84 

Sennett  White-tailed,  26,  109 

Sharp-shinned,  24,  119 

Swainson,  26 

Western  Red-tailed,  25 

Zone-tailed,  25 

Hedymeles  meianocephalus,  60 
Heleodytes  brunneicapillus,  74 

brunneicapillus  anthonyi,  74,  111 

brunneicapillus  couesi,  74,  86,    87,    91 
Helminthophaga  celata,  67 

luciae,  67,  96,  97 

ruficapilla,  67 

virginiae,  67 


Helminthophila  celata,  67 

celata  lutescens,  68 

luciae,  67 

rubricapilla  gutturalis,  67 

ruficapilla,  67 

ruficapilla  gutturalis,  67 

virginiae,  67 
Helodromas  solitarius,  20 

solitarius  cinnamomeus,  20,  89 
Herodias  alba  egretta,  16 

egretta,  16,  89 
Heron,  Anthony  Green,  16 

Black-crowned  Night,  16 

Pallid  Great  Blue,  16 

Snowy,  16 

Herse  thalassina,  63 
Hesperiphona  vespertina,  49 

vespertina  montana,  49,  86,  92,  118 
Himantopus  mexicanus,  18,  89 

nigricollis,  18 
Hirundo  bicolor,  63 

erythrogastra,  63,  88 

horreorum,  63 

lunifrons,  62 

rufa,  63 

thalassina,  63 
Horizopus  pertinax  pallidiventris,  42 

richardsoni,  42 
Hummingbird,  Allen,  38 

Anna,  38 

Black-chinned,  37 

Blue-throated,  37,  109,  118 

Broad-billed,  39 

Broad-tailed,  38 

Calliope,  39 

Costa,  37 

Lucifer,  39 

Morcom,  39 

Rivoli,  37,  110,  116 

Rufous,  38 

Salvin,  39 

White-eared,  39 
Hydrobata  mexicana,  72 
Hydrochelidon  fissipes,  10 

lariformis,  10 

nigra,  10 

nigra  surinamensis,  10,  90 

surinamensis,  10 
Hylocichla  fuscescens  salicicola,  79,  90 

guttata  auduboni,  80,  88,  92,  94 

guttata  guttata,  80,  88 

guttata  nanus,  80,  88,  89 

guttata  slevini,  80,  89 

nana,  80 

ustulata  swainsoni,  79 

ustulata  ustulata,  79,  89 


126 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


Hypotriorchis  columbarius,  27 
femoralis,  28 

I 

lache  latirostris,  39 
Ibis,  Scarlet,  82,  109 

White-faced  Glossy,  15 

Wood,  15 
Ibis  guarauna,  15 

ordii,  15 

thalassinus,  15 
Icteria  longicauda,  71 

virens  longicauda,  71,  88 

viridis,  71 
Icterus  bullocki,  49,  87 

cucullatus,  49,  102 

cucullatus  nelsoni,  49,  87,  90,  101 

parisorum,  48,  87,  91,  102 
Ictinia  mississipiensis,  96 
lonornis  martinicus,  17,  90,  104,  114 
Iridoprocne  bicolor,  63,  89 
Ixobrychus  exilis,  16,  90 
Ixoreus  naevius  naevius,  85 


Jay,  Arizona,  45 

Long-crested,  45,  97 

Pinon,  46 

Rocky  Mountain,  45 

Woodhouse,  45 
Junco,  Arizona,  56,  105,  116 

Gray-headed,  55 

Montana,  55 

Pink-sided,  55 

Red-backed,  56 

Shufeldt,  55 

Sierra,  55 

Slate-colored,  55 
Junco  annectens,  55 

caniceps,  55,  88,  98 

cinereus,  56,  98,  102 

cinereus  caniceps,  55 

cinereus  dorsalis,  56 

cinereus  palliatus,  56 

connectens,  55 

dorsalis,  56,  98 

hyemalis  connectens,  55 

hyemalis  hyemalis,  55,  88 

hyemalis  mearnsi,  55 

hyemalis  montanus,  55 

hyemalis  oregonus,  55 

hyemalis  thurberi,  55 

mearnsi,  55,  88 

montanus,  55,  90 

oregonus,  55 

oreganus  thurberi,  55,  88,  89 


Junco  oreganus  shufeldti,  55,  88 
phaeonotus  caniceps,  55 
phaeonotus  dorsalis,  56,  86,  87,  93,    98 
phaeonotus  palliatus,  56,  86,  87,  93,    98 
ridgwayi,  55,  105 

K 

Killdeer,  21 
Kingbird,  Cassin,  40 

Western,  40 
Kingfisher,  Belted,  32 

Texas,  33,  118 
Kinglet,  Golden-crowned,  85 

Ruby-crowned,  78 
Kite,  White-tailed,  84 


Lanius  borealis,  65,  90 

ludovicianus,  65 

ludovicianus  excubitorides,  65,  86 
Lanivireo  solitarius  cassini,  65,  89 

solitarius  plumbeus,  66,  88,  92,  116 
Lark,  Desert  Horned,  44 

Montezuma  Horned,  44 

Prairie  Horned,  84 

Scorched  Horned,  44 

Sonora  Horned,  44 
Larus  atricilla,  82 

delawarensis,  9,  90 

franklini,  82 

heermanni,  82 

occidentalis,  82 

Philadelphia,  10 
Limonites  minutilla,  19 
Limosa  fedoa,  83 

haemastica,  83 
Lobipes  lobatus,  18,  90 
Longspur,  Chestnut-collared,  51,  104,  105 

McCown,  52,  104,  105 
Loon,  Common,  9 

Pacific,  82 

Red-throated,  9 
Lophodytes  cucullatus,  11,  90 
Lophophanes  inornatus,  77 

wollweberi,  77,  103 
Lophortyx  californicus,  22 

gambeli,  22,  85,  87,  91,  96 
Loxia  curvirostra  americana,  50 

curvirostra  mexicana,  50 

curvirostra  stricklandi,  50,  86,  92 

M 

Macrorhamphus  griseus,  19 

griseus  scolopaceus,  19,  90 
Magpie,  45 
Mallard,  11 


1914 


BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA 


127 


Mareca  americana,  12,  85 
Marila  affinis,  13,  88 

americana,  13,  88 

marila,  13,  88 

valisineria,  13,  88 
Martin,  Purple,  62 
Meadowlark,  Texas,  48 

Western,  48 
Megascops  asio  cineraceus,  30 

asio  trichopsis,  30 

aspersus,  30,  109 

flammeolus,  30 

trichopsis,  30,  110 
Melanerpes  erythrocephalus,  34,  90 
Melanerpes  formicivorus,  34 

formicivorus  aculeatus,  34,  86,     92,     94, 
105 

formicivorus  bairdi,  34 

melanopogon,  34 

torquatus,  35 

uropygialis,  35 
Meleagris  gallopavo,  23,  110 

gallopavo  merriami,  23,  85,  87,  93,    110, 
111 

mexicana,  23 
Melopelia  asiatica,  23,  118 

asiatica  trudeaui,  23,  87,  90 

leucoptera,  23 
Melospiza  cinerea  fallax,  57 

fallax,  57 

fasciata  fallax,  57 

fasciata  montana,  57   • 

lincolni  lincolni,  58,  88 

melodia,  57 

melodia  fallax,  57,  88,  116 

melodia  heermanni,  57 

melodia  merrilli,  58,  90 

melodia  montana,  57 

melodia  saltonis,  57,  86,  87,  91,  116 
Merganser,  American,  11 

Hooded,  11 

Red-breasted,  11 
Merganser  americanus,  11 

serrator,  11 
Mergus  americanus,  11,  85 

serrator,  11,  88 
Merlin,  Richardson,  28 
Merula  migratoria  propinqua,  80 
Micrathene  whitneyi,  31,  98,  100 
Micropallas  whitneyi,  31,  86,  91,  98,  100,  112, 

116 

Micropus  melanoleucus,  37 
Mimus  montanus,  72 

polyglottus,  73 

polyglottus  caudatus,  73 

polyglottos  leucopterus,  73,  86 


Mitrephorus  fulvifrons  pallescens,  43 

pallescens,  43 
Mockingbird,  Western,  73 
Molothrus  ater,  47 

ater  obscurus,  41V  8fi,  91 

obscurus,  47,  99 

pecoris,  47 

pecoris  obscurus,  47 
Morphnus  unicinctus,  25 
Myadestes  townsendi,  79,  86,  92 
Mycteria  americana,  15,  87 
Myiarchus  cinerascens  cinerascens,     41,  86, 
106,  113 

cooperi,  40,  99 

crinitus  cinerascens,  41 

lawrencei,  41,  99 

lawrencei  olivascens,  41,  87,  91,  99,  101 

lawrencei  olivaceus,  41 

magister  magister,  40,  87,  90,  99,  101 

mexicanus,  41 

mexicanus  cooperi,  40 

mexicanus  magister,  40 

nuttingi,  41,  106,  113 

Myiochanes  pertinax  pallidiventris,    42,    87, 
93 

richardsoni  richardsoni,  42,  87,  91 
Myiodioctes  pileolatus,  71 

pusillus,  71 

pusillus  pileolatus,  71 
Myiodynastes  luteiventris,  40,  87,  93 

N 

Nannus  hiemalis  pacificus,  75,  90 
Nauclerus  furcatus,  96 
Nettion  carolinense,  12,  88 
Nighthawk,  Texas,  36,  91 

Western,  36 
Nisus  cooperi,  24 

fuscus,  24 

Nucifraga  columbiana,  46,  86,  92 
Numenius  americanus,  21,  89,  117 

longirostris,  21 
Nuthatch,  Red-breasted,  76 

Pigmy,  77 

Rocky  Mountain,  76,  119 
Nutcracker,  Clarke,  46 
Nuttallornis  borealis,  42,  87,  92 
Nyctale  acadica,  29 
Nyctiardea  gardeni,  16 

grisea  naevia,  16 
Nycticorax  nycticorax  naevius,  16,  85 


Olbiorchilus  hiemalis  pacificus,  75 
Olor  columbianus,  15,  88 
Oporornis  tolmiei,  70,  88 


128 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


Oreoscoptes  montanus,  72,  88 
Oreospiza  chlorura,  59,  88 
Oriole,  Arizona  Hooded,  49 

Bullock  49 

Scott,  48 

Ornithion  imberbe  ridgwayi,  44 
Ortyx  graysoni,  21,  101 

ridgwayi,  21 

virginianus,  21,  100,  101 
Osprey,  American,  28 
Otocoris  alpestris,  44 

alpestris  actia,  44 

alpestris  adusta*  44,  86,  87,  91,  105 

alpestris  aphrasta,  44 

alpestris  arenicola,  44 

alpestris  chrysolaema,  44 

alpestris  enthymia,  44 

alpestris  leucansiptii'a,  44,  112 

alpestris  leucolaema,  44,  88 

aipestris  occidentalis,  44,  86 

alpestris  pallida,  44,  86,  87,  91 

alpestris  praticola,  84 
Otocorys  arenicola,  44 
Otus  americanus,  29 

brachyotus,  29 

asio  cineraceus,  30,  86,  92 

asio  gilmani,  30,  86,  91,  101,  116,    117 

flammeolus,  30,  87,  93 

trichopsis,  30,  87,  93,  109,  116 

vulgaris  wilsonianus,  29 

wilsonianus,  29 
Owl,  American  Barn,  29 

American  Long-eared,  29,  100 

Arizona  Spotted,  29 

Burrowing,  31 

California  Pigmy,  100 

Elf,  31,  91,  104 

Ferruginous  Pigmy,  31,  109 

Flammulated  Screech,  30,  117 

Mexican  Screech,  30 

Rocky  Mountain  Pigmy,  31 

Sahuaro  Screech,  30,  91 

Saw-whet,  29 

Short-eared,  29 

Spotted,  100 

Spotted  Screech,  30,  109,  110 

Western  Horned,  30 

Whitney,  100 
Oxyechus  vociferus,  21,  85 


Pandion  carolinensis,  28 

haliaetus  carolinensis,  28,  89 
Panyptila  melanoleuca,  37 
Parabuteo  unicinctus  harrisi,  25,  85,  91 
Paroides  flaviceps,  78 


Parrot,  Thick-billed,  32,  115 
Parus  gambeli,  77 

inornatus  griseus,  77 

inornatus  ridgwayi,  77 

meridionalis,  77,  99 

montanus,  77 

wollweberi,  77 

Passer  domesticus,  50,  86,  87 
Passerculus  alaudinus,  52 

bairdi,  52 

rostratus  rostratus,  52,  90 

sandwichensis  alaudinus,  52,  88 

sandwichensis  nevadensis,  52,  86 

savanna,  52 
Passerella  iliaca  schistacea,  58,  88 

townsendi  schistacea,  58 
Passerina  amoena,  61,  88 

ciris,  61,  89 

versicolor,  61 

versicolor  pulchra,  61,  90 
Pelecanus  erythrorhynchos,  11,  88 

trachyrhynchus,  11 
Pelican,  American  White,  11 
Pelidna  alpina  sakhalina,  19,  90 
Penthestes  gambeli  gambeli,  77,  86,  92 

sclateri,  77,  86,  93,  99 
Perisoreus  canadensis  capitalis,  45,     86,    87, 

92,  93 
Petrochelidon  lunifrons  lunifrons,  62,  88 

lunifrons  melanogastra,  63,  88 

lunifrons  tachina,  62 

melanogaster,  63,  111 
Peucaea  aestivalis  arizonae,  56 

arizonae,  56 

botterii,  56,  88,  90 

carpalis,  57,  98,  100 

cassinii,  56,  57,  88,  90 

homochlamys,  57 

lincolni,  58 

ruficeps  boucardi,  57,  103 

ruficeps  scotti,  57,  104 
Peucedramus  olivaceus,  68,  86,  93,  94 
Pewee,  Western  Wood,  42 
Phaethon  aethereus,  10,  90,  113 

americanus,  10,  113,  117 
Phainopepla,  64 

Phainopepla  nitens,  64,  86,  91,  100,  102 
Phalacrocorax  auritus  albociliatus,  11,  88 
Phalaenoptilus  nuttalli  nitidus,  36,  103 

nuttallii  nuttallii,  36,  86 
Phalarope,  Northern,  18 

Wilson,  18 
Phalaropus  lobatus,  18 

wilsoni,  18 
Phoebe,  Black,  41 

Say,  41 


1914 


BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA 


Pica  caudata  hudsonica,  45 

hudsonica,  45 

pica  hudsonia,  45,  90 
Picicorvus  columbianus,  46,  97 
Picoides  americanus  dorsalis,  34,  86,  87,  92, 

93 
Picus  arizonae,  33,  102 

gairdneri,  33 

harrisii,  33 

pubescens,  33 

pubescens  gairdneri,  33 

scalaris,  33 

stricklandi,  33 

varius,  34 

villosus  harrisi,  33 
Pigeon,  Band-tailed,  23 

Passenger,  117 

Red-billed,  83 
Pintail,  13 
Pipilo  aberti,  59,  86,  87.  91,  105 

arctica,  58 

chlorura,  59 

erythrophthalmus,  58 

fuscus  mesoleucus,  59,  86,  87,  94,  105 

maculatus  curtatus,  59,  88,  118 

maculatus  megalonyx,  58 

maculatus  montanus,  58,  86,  87,  92, 
114,  115 

megalonyx,  58 

mesoleucus,  59,  95 

oregonus,  58 
Pipit,  American,  72 
Piranga  hepatica,  62,  88,  93 

ludoviciana,  62,  88,  92 

rubra  cooperi,  62,  88,  90 
Pisobia  bairdi,  19,  89 

minutilla,  19,  88,  117 
Planesticus  migratorius,  80 

migratorius  propinquus,  80,  86,  92 
Platypsaris  aglaiae  albiventris,  40,  90 

albiventris,  40,  104 
Plectrophanes  maccownii,  52 

melanomus,  51 

ornatus,  51 
Plegadis  autumnalis,  15 

guarauna,  15,  87 
Plover,  Golden,  83 

Mountain,  21 

Semipalmated,  21 
Podasocys  montanus,  21,  88 
Podiceps  auritus  californicus,  9 

californicus,  9 

cornutus,  81 

occidentalis,  9 
Podilymbus  carolinensis,  9 

podiceps,  9,  88 


Poecile  montanus,  77 
Polioptila  caerulea,  78 

caerulea  obscura,  78,  86,  92 

caerulea  plumbea,  79 

melanura,  79,  9D   ~ 

plumbea,  79,  86,  87,  91,  99,  103 
Polyborus  audubonii,  28 

cheriway,  28,  86,  91 

tharus,  28 

tharus  auduboni,  28 
Polytmus  rufus,  38 
Pooecetes  gramineus,  52 

gramineus  confinis,  52,  86 
Poorwill,  36 
Poospiza  belli,  56 

belli  nevadensis,  56 

bilineata,  56 
Porzana  Carolina,  17,  85 

jamaicensis,  83 
Progne  purpurea,  62 

subis  hesperia,  62 

subis  subis,  62,  88 
Protonotaria  citrea,  67,  90 
Psaltria  plumbea,  78,  95 
Psaltriparus  melanotis  lloydi,  78,  112,    119 

minimus  plumbeus,  78 

plumbeus,  78,  86,  87,  104,  119 

santaritae,  78,  104,  112 
Pseudogryphus  californianus,  83 
Pterocyanea  caeruleata,  12 
Ptiliogonys  nitens,  64 
Pyranga  aestiva,  62 

aestiva  cooperi,  62 

azarae,  62 

cooperi,  62 

hepatica,  62 

ludoviciana,  62 
Pyrocephalus  mexicanus,  43 

rubineus,  43 

rubinus  mexicanus,  43,  86,  91,  97 
Pyrrhuloxia,  Arizona,  60 
Pyrrhuloxia  sinuata  beckhami,  60 

sinuata  sinuata,  60,  86,  91 


Quail,  Desert,  22 

Fool,  22 

Gambel,  108,  109 

Mearns,  22,  116 

Scaled,  21 
Querquedula  carolinensis,  12 

cyanoptera,  12,  85 

discors,  12,  85 


Rail,  Black,  83 


1.30 


PACIFIC     COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


Rail,  Light-footed,  17 
Virginia,  17 
Yellow,  17 
Rallus  levipes,  17,  90 

virginianus,  17,  88 
Raven,  American,  46 

White-necked,  46,  112,  115,  119 
Recurvirostra  americana,  18,  88 
Redhead,  13 
Redstart,  American,  71 

Painted,  72,  111 
Regulus  calendula  calendula,  78,  86,  92 

satrapa  olivaceus,  85 
satrapa  satrapa,  85 
Rhinogryphus  aura,  24 
Rhyacophilus  solitarius,  20 
Rhynchophanes  mccowni,  52,  88,  110 
Rhynchopsitta  pachyrhyncha,  32,  90,  110 
Riparia  riparia,  63,  88 
Roadrunner,  32 
Robin,  Western,  80 

S 

Salpinctes  obsoletus  obsoletus,  74,  86,  87 
Sandpiper,  Baird,  19 

Bartramian,  20 

Least,  19 

Spotted,  20 

Red-backed,  19 

Western,  20 

Western  Solitary,  20 
Sapsucker,  Red-naped,  34 

Williamson,  34 
Sarcoramphus  papa,  83,  99    . 
Sayornis  nigricans,  41,  86 

nigricans     semiatra,  41 

sayus,  41,  86,  91 
Scardafella  inca,  24,  85,  91,  118 
Sciurus  tenuirostris,  70 
Scolecophagus  cyanocephalus,  49 

ferrugineus,  49 
Scolopax  wilsonii,  19 
Scops  asio,  30 

asio  maccalli,  30 

asio  trichopsis,  30,  101 

flammeola,  30 

mccalli,  30 

trichopsis,  30 
Seiurus  noveboracensis,  70 

noveboracensis  notabilis,  70,  89 
Selasphorus  alleni,  38,  90 

costae,  37 

platycercus,  38,  87 

rufus,  38,  89 
Setophaga  picta,  72,  88,  93,  97,  99,  100 

ruticilla,  71,  90 
Shoveller,  12 


Shrike,  Northern,  65 

White-rumped,  65 
Sialia  arctica,  81 

currucoides,  81,  86,  92,  115 

mexicana,  81 

mexicana  bairdi,  81,  86,  92,  108 

mexicana  occidentalis,  81 

occidentalis,  81 

sialis  azurea,  81 

sialis  fulva,  81,  88 
Siskin,  Pine,  51 
Sitta  aculeata,  76 

canadensis,  76,  86,  92 

carolinensis,  76 

carolinensis  aculeata,  76 

carolinensis  nelsoni,  76,  86,  112 

pusilla  pygmaea,  77 

pygmaea  pygmaea,  77,  86,  87,  92,  94 
Siurus  naevius,  70 
Snipe,  Wilson,  19 
Solitaire,  Townsend,  79 
Sora,  17 
Sparrow,  Baird,  52 

Black-chinned,  54 

Botteri,  56 

Brewer,  54 

Cassin,  57 

Clay-colored,  54 

Desert,  56 

Desert  Song,  57 

English,  50,  114 

Intermediate,  53 

Large-billed,  52 

Lincoln,  58 

Merrill  Song,  58 

Mountain  Song,  57 

Nevada  Savannah,  52 

Rufous-winged,  57,  100 

Sage,  56 

Scott,  57,  119 

Slate-colored  Fox,  58 

Western  Chipping,  54 

Western  Grasshopper,  53 

Western  Lark,  53 

Western  Savannah,  52 

Western  Tree,  54 

Western  Vesper,  52 

White-crowned,  53 
Spatula  clypeata,  12,  85 
Speotyto  cunicularia  hypogaea,  31,  86,    87, 

91,  116 
Sphyrapicus  nuchalis,  34 

thyroideus,  34,  86,  92,  96 

varius,  34 

varius  nuchalis,  34,  88 

williamsonii,  34,  96 


1914 


BIRDS     OF    ARIZONA 


131 


Spinus  lawrencei,  51 
pinus,  51,  86,  92 
psaltria,  51 
psaltria  arizonae,  51 
tristis,  50 

tristis  pallidus,  50,  105 
Spiza  americana,  61,  89 

amoena,  61 

Spizella  atrogularis,  54,  .87 
breweri,  54,  86 
canadensis,  54 
evura,  54 
monticola,  54 

monticola  ochracea,  54,  90 
pallida,  54,  89 
pallida  breweri,  54 
passerina  arizonae,  54,  86 
pusio,  54 
socialis,  54 

socialis  arizonae,  54,  97 
Steganopus  tricolor,  18,  89 

wilsoni,  18 

Stelgidopteryx  serripennis,  64,  88 
Stellula  calliope,  39,  89 
Sterna  forsteri,  10,  90 

hirundo,  10,  90 
Stilt,  Black-necked,  18 
Strigiceps  uliginosus,  29 
Strix  americana,  29 
flammea,  29 
flammea  americana,  29 
occidentalis,  29,  117 
occidentalis  huachucae,  29,  86,  92,    94, 

98,  117 

pratincola,  29 
Struthus  caniceps,  55,  56 

oregonus,  55 

Sturnella  magna  hoopesi,  48,  86,  116 
magna  mexicana,  48 
magna  neglecta,  48 
neglecta,  48,  86 
Swallow,  Bank,  63 
Barn,  63,  109,  111 
Cliff,  62,  111 
Mexican  Cliff,  63 
Northern  Violet-green,  63 
Rough-winged,  64 
Tree,  63 

Swan,  Whistling,  15 
Swift,  Vaux,  36 

White-throated,  37 
Sylvania  pusilla,  71 

pusilla  pileolata,  71 
audubonii,  69 

Symphemia  semipalmata,  20 
Syrnium  occidentale,  29,  98 


Tachycineta  bicolor,  63 

thalassina,  63 

thalassina  lepida,  .£3,  88,  92 
Tanager,  Cooper,  62 

Hepatic,  62 

Western,  62 
Tangavius  aeneus  aeneus,  47,  87,  90,  117 

aeneus  involucratus,  47,  117 
Tantalus  loculator,  15 
Teal,  Blue-winged,  12 

Cinnamon,  12 

Green-winged,  12 
Telmatodytes  palustris,  75 

palustris  plesius,  75,  86 
Tern,  Black,  10 

Common,  10 

Forster,  10 
Thrasher,  Bendire,  73,  91,  105,  111 

Brown,  73 

Crissal,  74,  91,  96,  103 

Leconte,  74,  91,  96,  103,  108 

Palmer,  73,  91,  104,  105,  106 

Sage,  72 
Thrush,  Dwarf  Hermit,  80 

Kadiak  Hermit,  80 

Monterey  Hermit,  80 

Rocky  Mountain  Hermit,  80 

Russet-backed,  79 

Varied,  85 

Willow,  79 
Thryomanes  bewickii  bairdi,  75 

bewickii  drymoecus,  75 

bewicki  eremophilus,  75,  86,  87 

bewicki  'leucogaster,  75 
Thryothorus  bewickii,  75 

bewickii  bairdi,  75 

bewicki  leucogaster,  75,  100 

bewickii  murinus,  75 

mexicanus,  74 

obsoletus,  74 

Tinnunculus  sparverius,  28 
Titmouse,  Bridled,  77 

Gray,  77 

Yellow-headed,  99 
Totanus  flavipes,  83 

melanoleucus,  20,  89 

semipalmatus,  20 

solitarius,  20 
Towhee,  Abert,  59 

Canyon,  59 

Green-tailed,  59,  108 

Mountain,  58 

Nevada,  59 


1,32 


PACIFIC    COAST    AVIFAUNA 


No.  10 


Toxcstoma  bendirei,  73,  86,  87,  91 
crissale,  74,  86,  87,  91 
curvirostre  palmeri,  73,  86,  87,  91,  119 
lecontei  lecontei,  74,  86,  87,  91 
rufum,  73,  90 
vetula,  73 
Tree-duck,  Black-bellied,  14 

Fulvous,  15 

Tringa  alpina  pacifica,  19 
bairdi,  19 
minutilla,  19 
pusilla,  20 
schinzii,  19 
Tringoides  bartramius,  20 

macularius,  20 
Trochilus  alexandri,  37 
alleni,  38 
anna,  38 
calliope,  39 
costae,  37 
platycercus,  38 
rufus,  38 

Troglodytes  aedon,  75 
aedon  aztecus,  75 
aedon  marianae,  75 
aedon  parkmani,  75,  86,  92 
domesticus  parkmani,  75 
obsoletus,  74 
parkmanni,  75 

Trogon,  Coppery-tailed,  32,  104 
Trogon  ambiguus,  32,  87,  93,  94,  104,  112 
Tropic-bird,  Red-billed,  10,  117 

Yellow-billed,  113 
Turdus  aonalaschkae,  80 

aonalaschkae  auduboni,  80 
fuscescens  salicicolus,  79  ' 
guttatus  auduboni,  80 
migratorius,  80 
migratorius  propinquus,  80 
naevius,  85 
nanus,  80 

pailasi  auduboni,  80 
pallasi  nanus,  80 
unalascae,  80 
unalascae  auduboni,  80 
ustulatus,  79 
Turkey,  Merriam,  23 
Mexican,  110 
Water,  114 
Tyrannula  saya,  41 
Tyrannus  verticalis,  40,  87,  90 
vociferans,  40,  86,  92 

U 

Uranomitra  salvini,  39,  90,  114 
Urinator  lumme,  9 


Urubitinga  anthracina,  26,  85,  102,  112 


Verdin,  78,  91,  99 
Vermivora  celata  celata,  67,  88 
celata  lutescens,  68,  89 

celata  orestera,  67,  114 

luciae,  67,  88,  90 

rubricapilla  gutturalis,  67,  89 

virginiae,  67,  88,  92 
Vireo,  Arizona,  66 

Cassin,  65 

Gray,  66 

Plumbeous,  66 

Red-eyed,  65 

Stephens,  66 

Western  Warbling,  65 
Vireo  bellii,  66 

belli  arizonae,  66,  88,  90 

belli  pusillus,  66 

gilvus,  65 

gilvus  swainsoni,  65 

huttoni,  66 

huttoni  stephensi,  66,  86,  87,  92,  94,  116 

olivaceus,  65 

plumbeus,  66,  96 

pusillus,  66 

solitarius,  65 

solitarius  cassini,  65 

solitarius  plumbeus,  66 

swainsoni,  65 

vicinior,  66,  88,  91,  96,  102 
Vireosylva  giiva  swainsoni,  65,  88,  91,  116 

clivacea,  65,  90 
Vireosylvia  plumbea,  66 

solitaria,  65 
Vulture,  California,  109 

King,  83 

Turkey,  24,  109 

W 

Warbler,  Audubon,  69 
Black-fronted,  69 
Black-throated  Gray,  69 
Black-throated  Green,  70 
Calaveras,  67 
California  Yellow,  68 
Golden  Pileolated,  71 
Grace,  69 
Hermit,  70 
Lucy,  67,  91,  116 
Lutescent,  68 
Macgillivray,  70 
Myrtle,  69 

Olive,  68,  108,  114,  118 
Orange-crowned,  67 


1914 


BIRDS    OF    ARIZONA 


133 


Warbler,  Pileoiated,  71 

Prothonotary,  67,  113 

Red-faced,  72,  104 

Sonora  Yellow,  68,  91 

Townsend,  70 

Virginia,  67 

Wilson,  84 

Water-thrush,  Alaska,  70 
Waxwing,  Bohemian,  64 

Cedar,  64 

Whip-poor-will,  Stephens,  36,  111 
Willet,  Western,  20 
Wilsonia  pusilla  chryseola,  71,  89 

pusilla  pileolata,  71,  88,  92 

pusilla  pusilla,  84 
Woodpecker,  Alpine  Three-toed,  34 

Arizona,  33 

Batchelder,  33 

Cactus,  33 

Gila,  35 

Lewis,  35,  111 

Mearns,  34 

Red-headed,  34 

White-breasted,  33 

White-headed,  84 
Wren,  Cactus,  74,  91,  106,  111 

Canyon,  74 

Desert,  75 

Parkman,  75 

Rock,  74 

Western  Marsh,  75 


Wren,  Western  Winter,  75 
White-bellied,  100 

X 

Xanthocephalus  ictefoce-phalus,  47 

longipes,  47 

xanthocephalus,  47,  86 
Xenopicus  albolarvatus,  84 

Y 

Yellowlegs,  83 

Greater,  20 
Yellowthroat,  Tule,  71 

Western,  70 

Z 

Zamelodia  ludoviciana,  60,  90 

melanocephala  melanocephala,  60,  88,  92 
Zenaidura  carolinensis,  23 

macroura,  23 

macroura  carolinensis,  23,  118 

macroura  marginella,  23,  85 
Zonotrichia  blandingiana,  59 

cassini,  57 

fallax,  57,  95 

gambelii,  53 

graminea,  52 

intermedia,  53 

leucophrys,  53 

ieucophrys  gambeli,  53,  88 

leucophrys  intermedia,  53 

leucophrys  leucophrys,  53,  87,  92,  93 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THE  LAST  DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW 


AN  INITIAL  FINE  OF  25  CENTS 

WILL  BE  ASSESSED  FOR  FAILURE  TO  RETURN 
THIS  BOOK  ON  THE  DATE  DUE.  THE  PENALTY 
WILL  INCREASE  TO  SO  CENTS  ON  THE  FOURTH 
DAY  AND  TO  $1.OO  ON  THE  SEVENTH  DAY 
OVERDUE. 


933906 


BIOLOG, 

UBRARY 

6 

THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 


